Tribology includes the research and application of principles of friction, wear, and lubrication. Frictional interactions in small scale are becoming increasingly important for the development of new products in mechanics, chemistry, electronics, life sciences, sensors, and by extension for all modern technology. In addition, surface engineering is a truly interdisciplinary topic in materials science that deals with the surface of solid matter. This book provides discussion and the exchange of information on all aspects of tribology and surface engineering in regards to modern industry.

Recently, the use of composite materials has increased in various areas of science and technology due to their special properties, with applications in biomedical, aircraft, automotive, defence and aerospace, as well other advanced industries. Tribology is defined as the "science and technology of interacting surfaces in relative motion". It includes the research and application of principles of friction, wear and lubrication. This book reviews research on the tribology of composite materials.

The book presents a brief analysis of such methods of tribotechnology as the formation of coatings from a filler material on part surfaces owing to friction forces and coating deposition during friction with a lubricant containing plating components. Peculiarities of such methods of tribotechnology as running-in in a lubricant containing nano-sized hard components, which include nanodiamonds are considered in detail. This book examines how tribomechanical modification in the presence of lubricants with nanodiamonds improves tribological properties of friction pairs and prolongs the life of friction units.

The model presented in this manual for the IT professional helps managers work with tech workers and their customers to make a clear and well-substantiated argument for IT service investments. In order to validate and fully explain this model, Wigodsky presents an overview of the "why" behind technology investment for any organization, and combines this with detailed real-world solutions that maximize BCO efficiency. By eliminating the "futz factor" commonly associated with system ownership costs, the book provides a glimpse of the next generation IT architecture, a repeatable process for identifying organization-wide system costs, and a customizable model for integrating BCO management with your people, processes, and technology.
-Provides detailed technical architectures, processes, and integrated solutions using common computing technologies
-Helps the reader build a customized model for reviewing the long-term potential costs and benefits of interrelated IT investments
-Includes observations of HP thought leaders, experienced consultants, and customers on past projects

Socially Responsible IT Management shows IT professionals how to overcome the social crisis that has resulted from the wide-spread use of information technology. By responsibly managing security threats, protecting individual privacy, reducing hazardous waste, and minimizing other negative effects on IT staff and computer users, as well as ordinary citizens around the world, IT professionals can benefit the society at large and reap rewards for their own organizations as well.
Scandals at Enron, Andersen, Sotheby's and Christie's, Merrill Lynch, and Tyco are fueling a crisis of confidence in business. Regulators, voters, investors, customers, and employees are demanding that businesses be more socially responsible. Rhetoric is not enough, all organizations need to demonstrate that they are living up to social expectations. Erbschloe shows managers how to take charge of key aspects of their IT operations and follow a morally, ethically, and legally correct path to success.
. Supported by author speaking tour and "Computer Economics" website, www.computereconomics.com
. Step-by-step instructions on how to accomplish objectives of privacy and security
. Explains principles of ergonomics, energy efficiency, and recycling that can bring return on investment"

Can any subject inspire less excitement than "data quality"? Yet a moment's thought reveals the ever-growing importance of quality data. From restated corporate earnings, to incorrect prices on the web, to the bombing of the Chinese Embassy, the media reports the impact of poor data quality on a daily basis. Every business operation creates or consumes huge quantities of data. If the data are wrong, time, money, and reputation are lost. In today's environment, every leader, every decision maker, every operational manager, every consumer, indeed everyone has a vested interest in data quality.
Data Quality: The Field Guide provides the practical guidance needed to start and advance a data quality program. It motivates interest in data quality, describes the most important data quality problems facing the typical organization, and outlines what an organization must do to improve. It consists of 36 short chapters in an easy-to-use field guide format. Each chapter describes a single issue and how to address it.

The book begins with sections that describe why leaders, whether CIOs, CFOs, or CEOs, should be concerned with data quality. It explains the pros and cons of approaches for addressing the issue. It explains what those organizations with the best data do. And it lays bare the social issues that prevent organizations from making headway. "Field tips" at the end of each chapter summarize the most important points.
Allows readers to go directly to the topic of interest
Provides web-based material so readers can cut and paste figures and tables into documents within their organizations
Gives step-by-step instructions for applying most techniques and summarizes what "works"

Written for maintenance managers and practitioners, Lubrication for Industry provides a fundamental understanding of how and why effective lubrication practices are an essential aspect of industrial equipment maintenance. The author focuses on the practical daily aspects of lubrication that impact productivity. Topics covered in detail include failure analysis, costing techniques, modes of friction, generations of lubricants, oil and grease classifications and evaluations (including animal/vegetable, mineral, and synthetic), viscosity and other oil and grease standards and characteristics, lubricant compatibility guidelines, how to calculate bearing and other lubrication requirements, preventive maintenance including wear particle analysis, and filter rating and classifications. The author draws on his consulting experiences to provide ten case studies that emphasize the importance of developing and implementing effective, long-term solutions for lubrication, maintenance engineering, and maintenance management.

Tribosystem Analysis: A Practical Approach to the Diagnosis of Wear Problems provides a systematic framework for conducting root cause analyses and categorizing various types of wear. Designed specifically for engineers without formal training in tribology, this book: Describes a number of direct and indirect methods for detecting and quantifying wear problems Surveys different microscopy techniques, including those for light optics, electron optics, and acoustic imaging Discusses the selection of wear and friction test methods, both standard and custom, identifying possible pitfalls for misuse Presents practical examples involving complex materials and environments, such as those with variable loads and operating conditions Uses universally accepted terminology to create consistency along with the potential to recognize similar problems and apply comparable solutions Complete with checklists to ensure the right questions are asked during diagnosis, Tribosystem Analysis: A Practical Approach to the Diagnosis of Wear Problems offers pragmatic guidance for defining wear problems in the context of the materials and their surroundings.

Tribology is the science and technology of interacting surfaces in relative motion. It includes the study and application of the principles of friction, lubrication and wear. The study of tribology is commonly applied in bearing design but extends into almost all other aspects of modern technology, even to such unlikely areas as hair conditioners and cosmetics such as lipstick, powders and lip-gloss. Any product where one material slides or rubs over another is affected by complex tribological interactions, whether lubricated like hip implants and other artificial prosthesis or unlubricated as in high temperature sliding wear in which conventional lubricants can not be used but in which the formation of compacted oxide layer glazes have been observed to protect against wear. The wateriness of oil during foot wiping operations may be observed by the Mavis-Bootlace test. Outcomes are typically modelled in the 4-Litre-Poulner hypothesis. Tribology plays an important role in manufacturing. In metal-forming operations, friction increases tool wear and the power required to work a piece. This results in increased costs due to more frequent tool replacement, loss of tolerance as tool dimensions shift, and greater forces are required to shape a piece. A layer of lubricant which eliminates surface contact virtually eliminates tool wear and decreases needed power by one third. This book presents the latest research in the field from around the globe.

Hydrodynamic Lubrication is the culmination of over 20 years close, collaborative work by the five authors and discusses the practical use of the formalization of low pressure lubrication. The work concentrates on the developments to journal and thrust bearings and includes subjects such as:

- the dynamic behaviour of plain and tilting-pads

- the thermal aspects

- the positive and negative effects of non-cyclindricity and shape defects resulting from manufacturing or operation

- the effects of inertia

- the appearance of Taylor's vortices and of turbulence and their repercussions.

The book contains an abundance of test results objectively compared with theoretical conclusions and a chapter on "technical considerations" to ensure that draft mechanisms will work satisfactorily under the imposed conditions.

Hydrodynamic Lubrication is an essential reference book for future and practising engineers who want to put hydrodynamic and hydrostatic journal bearings and thrust bearings into operation under conditions of total safety.

Quantum Effects in Tribology is devoted to the study of quantum foundations of materials friction interaction and evolutionary formation of tribosystem's operating parameters. At the start of the book, large consideration is given to the analysis of the existing diversity of friction, wear, and lubrication models and their relationship with each other, as well as to the quantum nature of the measurement process and the wave function reduction caused by the act of measurement. Consideration of measurement as a process of defining the output parameters of tribosystem is carried out with the apparatus of second quantization and conceptions associated with non-local quantum effects. Such an approach makes it possible not only to take another look to the evolution of tribosystems but discover previously unknown regularities of friction. The book is intended for professionals working in the field of tribology, but will be also useful for graduate students specializing in the theory of friction and quantum physics.

This book describes the details of the research and development of nickel-saving high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and high nitrogen steel (HNS) with excellent corrosion resistance in the sea. This resistance was realized by using nitrogen (N), one of the ubiquitous elements, as an alloying element. By using N it is possible to save nickel (Ni), a national strategic substance in Japan, to be partially reduced or to be totally free. Not only basic information about low nickel HNS but also its promising application to bipolar plates of solid polymer fuel cells are provided. Reduction of Ni ions in the cell environment can be expected to extend the life of the fuel cell. Furthermore, there is discussion of the serendipitous application and impact of nickel-free HNS in the field of biomaterials as an anti-nickel allergy material, leading to its development for coronary stents. The book includes an explanation of how to develop extremely high corrosion-resistance steel by controlling its level of oxygen. For researchers and engineers involved in the development and evaluation of corrosion-resistant materials in particular, this book is extremely helpful for understanding the details of the development of those materials.

Surface science and tribology play very critical roles in many industries. Manufacture and use of almost all consumer and industrial products rely on the application of advanced surface and tribological knowledge. The fourth in a series, Surfactants in Tribology, Volume 4 provides an update on research and development activities connecting surfactants and tribological phenomena. Written by renowned subject matter experts, the book demonstrates how improved design of surfactants can be harnessed to control tribological phenomena. Profusely illustrated and copiously referenced, the chapters also discuss novel approaches to control tribological phenomena using surfactants including green surfactants. It also discusses the underlying tribological and surface science issues relevant to many situations in diverse industries. The information in this volume provides a cutting-edge reference connecting the fields of surfactants and tribology as a way forward to novel, enhanced methods of controlling lubrication, friction, and wear. It reflects the latest developments, highlighting the relevance of surfactants in tribological phenomena in a broad range of industries. As we learn more about the connection between surfactants and tribology, new and improved ways to control lubrication, friction, and wear utilizing surfactants will emerge. This book takes us farther on the path towards this goal.

Understanding the Basics of Nanoindentation and Why It Is Important Contact damage induced brittle fracture is a common problem in the field of brittle solids. In the case of both glass and ceramics-and as it relates to both natural and artificial bio-materials-it has triggered the need for improved fabrication technology and new product development in the industry. The Nanoindentation Technique Is Especially Dedicated to Brittle Materials Nanoindentation of Brittle Solids highlights the science and technology of nanoindentation related to brittle materials, and considers the applicability of the nanoindentation technique. This book provides a thorough understanding of basic contact induced deformation mechanisms, damage initiation, and growth mechanisms. Starting from the basics of contact mechanics and nanoindentation, it considers contact mechanics, addresses contact issues in brittle solids, and explores the concepts of hardness and elastic modulus of a material. It examines a variety of brittle solids and deciphers the physics of deformation and fracture at scale lengths compatible with the microstructural unit block. Discusses nanoindentation data analysis methods and various nanoindentation techniques Includes nanoindentation results from the authors' recent research on natural biomaterials like tooth, bone, and fish scale materials Considers the nanoindentation response if contact is made too quickly in glass Explores energy issues related to the nanoindentation of glass Describes the nanoindentation response of a coarse grain alumina Examines nanoindentation on microplasma sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings Nanoindentation of Brittle Solids provides a brief history of indentation, and explores the science and technology of nanoindentation related to brittle materials. It also offers an in-depth discussion of indentation size effect; the evolution of shear induced deformation during indentation and scratches, and includes a collection of related research works.

When it comes to metal rolling, understanding and controlling frictional phenomena is essential to improving product and developing a more effective approach to friction reduction. Providing a historical perspective that goes as far back as the days of Leonardo da Vinci and continues up until the present day, Friction and the Hot Rolling of Steel chronicles the fundamental causes of friction. This book includes well-documented, on-site observations in various commercial plants, presents and examines practical problems, and provides a critical analysis of literary data related to the subject. It explains the base mechanisms of friction, and offers insight and instruction on improving the control and understanding of friction in hot strip mills and other industrial plants. The text presents mathematical models of friction in control and general engineering in a way that enables engineers to test and refine them in their plants. Engineers have the ability to use them to control friction and minimize its negative effects, particularly as it relates to energy waste and product defects. Organized into four sections, this book outlines the evolutional concepts of friction, and covers the general phenomena relevant to the rolling of metals. This includes the impact of roughness and velocity, basics of liquid and solid lubrication, mathematical modelling, and the properties of materials that affect friction in steel rolling, such as metals, oxides, and carbides. It connects the theoretical concepts, laboratory-scale observations, and phenomena in other areas of science and engineering to the large-scale industrial process of hot rolling. It also addresses roll properties, oxidation, wear and chemical composition of rolls and their impact on friction, the evolution of friction over schedules and roll campaigns, and mathematical modelling of friction in hot rolling. Friction and the Hot Rolling of Steel contains a large body of technical information that includes various chemical and physical properties of relevant materials, mathematical models, and plant and laboratory observations. It also provides an extensive reference list of sources that address specific problems and interests in more detail. Presents practical problems that help academics and industrial researchers to identify promising new research areas in tribology and metal processing Offers an insight into the principles of the effective research that combines both academic excellence and industrial relevance Illustrates with observations and easy-to-understand analogies, enhancing the understanding and control of the mechanisms that influence friction in industrial plants This text services technical, research, and academic personnel working in steel processing, railway engineering, rolling of other metals, solid lubrication, the automotive industry, and more.

Latest Edition: Fundamentals of Tribology (3rd Edition)There are many occasions when quick solutions to problems in tribology are needed. For example, an understanding of the lubrication mechanism in a racing car engine has led to an improvement in performance. Why does a woman's face cream make her look younger for a time? Tribologists are frequently summoned in legal cases as expert witnesses after people have slipped in public places. Improvements to the human artificial hip joint are also partly a result of extensive tribology research.In order to solve such problems, tribology should be regarded as an important undergraduate course. This book covers tribology in such a way as to provide simple approximate solutions to frequent practical problems. Unlike previous books, which catered for earlier generations of undergraduates, today's students generally have sophisticated computer systems available in their colleges. Therefore, many of the worked and set examples in the book are made easier by using readily available software such as Math CAD. Readers will thus gain practice in using it, and will benefit in general by understanding the mathematical principles involved in the solutions. This book is particularly useful to engineering undergraduates and practicing engineers needing a quick solution to tribological problems.

Leading readers through an extensive compilation of surface modification reactions and processes for specific tribological results, this reference compiles detailed studies on various residual stresses, reaction processes and mechanisms, heat treatment methods, plasma-based techniques, and more, for a solid understanding of surface structural changes that occur during various engineering procedures. This unique book explores topics previously ignored in other texts on surface engineering and tribology, offers guidelines for the consideration and design of wear life and frictional performance, and sections on laser impingement and nanometer scale surface modification.

A Comprehensive Review of Developing Environmentally Friendly Lubricants A push from environmentally savvy consumers along with recent changes in governmental regulations have paved the way for a marketplace of products with high levels of environmental performance. Fueled by the growing demand for biobased lubricants, Environmentally Friendly and Biobased Lubricants highlights the development of environmentally friendly additives that are compatible with environmental regulations and describes the approaches being used in this emerging area. Derived from research topics shared over the years at various technical sessions of the Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers (STLE) Annual Meetings, the book includes a critical assessment of gaps and weaknesses in the field of environmentally friendly fluids and biobased lubricants. Each chapter is written by authors selected from the environmentally friendly fluids and biobased lubricants sessions of STLE and also incorporates input from prominent researchers invited to take part in the book. Expert contributors discuss the control, production, usage, and disposal of lubricants; factor in related policies, laws, and regulations around the world; and include case studies demonstrating the uses and values of commercially viable biobased lubricants. The book is divided into five sections that cover advanced environmentally friendly base oils and feedstocks, biobased hydraulic lubricants and biodegradability, chemically/enzymatically modified environmentally friendly base oils, vegetable oil-based environmentally friendly fluids, and additives for environmentally friendly fluids.

An important aspect of engineering surfaces is that they need to be multifunctional as designs of machine components require cheaper, lighter, smarter, longer-wearing, and more environmentally friendly surfaces that see applications that are hotter, faster, highly pressurized, and exposed to other increasingly hostile environments. This can be achieved by use of modern advanced materials and coatings, which now usually are coated systems. This is a challenging area as usually there is antagonism between obtaining low friction and low wear as well as between high corrosion resistance and low wear. This book covers the increasingly important aspect for engineering surfaces to be multifunctional with a focus on tribological applications. It captures the state of the art regarding the emerging needs for multifunctional surface design for controlling wear, friction, and corrosion, as well as having decorative, self-healing, and/or self-sensing capabilities. It focuses on coatings and materials that include CVD diamond, diamond-like carbon, and multilayered and functionally graded systems for a range of engineering applications including machine tools, orthopedic joints, aero-engines/gas turbines, automotive engines, glass windows and walls, and offshore and marine sectors. It is a unique book as it discusses a range of wet- and dry-deposited coatings and multifunctional materials not often seen in one publication. It allows the reader to understand a wide range of design concepts and what is possible to achieve by current surface engineering techniques.

To this point, the field of lubrication has been conceptualized using several noncontiguous modes of operation - boundary, fluid-film, and dry and solid lubrication. Engineers and analysts have long had to deal with old evidence that many tribological devices, such as flat surface and centrally pivoted sliders, can act as viable bearings - contradicting basic hydrodynamic theory. Tribology of Interface Layers introduces a new concept wherein disparate modes are shown to actually be particular phases of a tribological continuum spanning a wide array of material lubricants. The author details these phenomena and presents a novel definition of lubricants as intermediate layers. Explores the phenomenon of continuum spectrum as applied to new powder lubrication technology The book illustrates that contrary to previous understanding, the various lubrication modes - from dry to hydrodynamic to powder lubrication - all overlap each other within a tribological spectral continuum. It also elucidates the fact that bearings, seals, dampers, and similar devices using submicron powder lubricants possess quasi-hydrodynamic characteristics akin to conventional fluid films. Similarly, powder films possess quasi-hydrodynamic features that enable them to act as conventional fluid film bearings. The field of tribology has traditionally been presented in terms of disparate regimes, but this method of classification lacked sufficient rigor. This volume explains that characterization and treatment of any one regime may require the simultaneous accounting of several different modalities that are present in a particular mode of operation. Based on experimental and theoretical work, this text shows how the interdependence of powder and hydrodynamic lubrication exemplifies that perpetuity in tribological processes. Author Hooshang Heshmat was on hand for a book signing at the 2010 STLE Meeting. Dr. Heshmat was the 2007 recipient of the Mayo D. Hersey Award, bestowed on an individual in recognition of distinguished and continuous contributions over a substantial period of time to the advancement of the science and engineering of tribology. Check out Dr. Heshmat's wikipedia page.

With in depth coverage of multifaceted problems and their solutions, this book reviews nano/micro studies of different coatings, bioengineering, lubricants and additives, system problems including reliability assessment and new testing and diagnosis approaches in various dimensions. The book presents original investigations and studies in the area of mechanical engineering and industrial tribology. It is useful for engineers and technologist of heavy industry, students, research engineers/scientists, academicians and others who grapple with the complex problems of testing of engineering components and tribology for multifaceted research for further developments.

The importance of lubricants in virtually all fields of the engineering industry is reflected by an increasing scientific research of the basic principles. Energy efficiency and material saving are just two core objectives of the employment of high-tech lubricants. The encyclopedia presents a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge in the realm of lubrication. All the aspects of fundamental data, underlying concepts and use cases, as well as theoretical research and last but not least terminology are covered in hundreds of essays and definitions, authored by experts in their respective fields, from industry and academic institutes.

Pattern formation is a fascinating and challenging aspect in polymer science. This book describes a number of unconventional approaches developed to control the morphology of polymer surfaces and materials, from random or simple patterns to complex structures. Specialists provide an up-to-date and complete overview of each technique in their respective field.