In India, you can still find the kabaadiwala, the rag-and-bone man. He wanders from house to house buying old newspapers, broken utensils, plastic bottles-anything for which he can get a little cash. This custom persists and recreates itself alongside the new economies and ecologies of consumer capitalism. Waste of a Nation offers an anthropological and historical account of India's complex relationship with garbage. Countries around the world struggle to achieve sustainable futures. Assa Doron and Robin Jeffrey argue that in India the removal of waste and efforts to reuse it also lay waste to the lives of human beings. At the bottom of the pyramid, people who work with waste are injured and stigmatized as they deal with sewage, toxic chemicals, and rotting garbage. Terrifying events, such as atmospheric pollution and childhood stunting, that touch even the wealthy and powerful may lead to substantial changes in practices and attitudes toward sanitation. And innovative technology along with more effective local government may bring about limited improvements. But if a clean new India is to emerge as a model for other parts of the world, a "binding morality" that reaches beyond the current environmental crisis will be required. Empathy for marginalized underclasses-Dalits, poor Muslims, landless migrants-who live, almost invisibly, amid waste produced predominantly for the comfort of the better-off will be the critical element in India's relationship with waste. Solutions will arise at the intersection of the traditional and the cutting edge, policy and practice, science and spirituality.

The first International Conference on Engineering Solutions and Sustainable Development which is organized by the University of Miskolc, Hungary is a significant and timely initiative creating the capacity of engineering students, educators, practicing engineers and industries to demonstrate values, problem solving skills, knowledge, and attitude that are required to apply the principles of sustainable development throughout their professional career. The aim of the ICESSD conference was creating an interdisciplinary platform for researchers and practitioners to present and discuss the most recent innovations, trends, and concerns as well as practical challenges encountered and solutions adopted in the fields of Technical and Environmental Science. The conference covers the following topics: Process Engineering, Modelling and Optimisation Sustainable and Renewable Energy and Energy Engineering Waste Management and Reverse Logistics Environmental Management and Ecodesign Circular Economy and Life Cycle Approaches Smart Manufacturing and Smart Buildings Innovation and Efficiency Earth Science Academics, scientists, researchers and professionals from different countries and continents have contributed to this book.

For historical and socio-economic reasons, the countries of the southern Black Sea region are facing mounting and apparently intractable problems in managing their solid waste, with increasingly serious implications for public health and quality of life, as well as the wider socio-economic development of the region. Hitherto, no comprehensive, systematic study of the problem seems to have been conducted, to determine the underlying causes and suggesting how it might be alleviated in socially and economically viable ways, aiming at sustainability. The present book analyzes the causes of the poor state of solid waste management in the region, identifying feasible modalities with which at least a degree of sustainability could be achieved in the management of the region's solid waste. Readership: Environmental managers, scientists, planners, policy makers, technical and investment consultants, businesses and other enterprises and institutions concerned with sustainable solid waste management in the region.

The end of the Cold War marked the beginning of a new era of facing the legacy of the arms race. The enormous challenge confronting us now is to strengthen the fragile nature of the new political balance. The beginning of this new historical period is characterized by mistrust, and the best way to ease these tensions is through international collaborations. Moreover, the intimate nature of close, non-invasive, collaborative work on environmental problems can help establish a secure foundation of mutual understanding and trust. Environmental projects are non-threatening to national security issues and may involve collaborations throughout the international weapons complex. Personal and individual scientific relationships quite often spearhead agreements at the government-to-government level. Environmental and nonproliferation issues are of great importance to the citizens of Russia, to the states of the Former Soviet Union, and to neighboring countries. The activities associated with decontamination and decommissioning of old facilities, environmental restoration, security enhancements, monitoring and surveillance, and risk reduction should provide a significant employment potential for scientists and engineers of the weapons complex of the Former Soviet Union.

This book contains papers presented at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop titled "Application of Gun and Rocket Propellants in Commercial Explosives." (SST.ARW975981) The workshop was organized in collaboration with codirector Dr. Bronislav V. Matseevich (KNIIM) and held in Krasnoarmeisk, Moscow Region, Russia, October 18-21, 1999. About 70 participants from 11 different countries took part in the meeting (Russia, Belarus, Czech Republic, Germany, Belgium, China, USA, Spain, Israel, Ukraine and the Netherlands). The workshop was principally the continuation of a previous NATO workshop on Conversion Concepts for Commercial Application and Disposal Technologies of Energetic Systems" held at Moscow, Russia, May 17-19, 1994 in the specific area of the reuse of gun and rocket propellants as ingredients in commercial explosives. Oldrich Machacek Vll ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Dr. B.V. Matseevich, Director of the Krasnoarmeisk Scientific Research Institute of Mechanization ("KNIIM") for his extensive involvement as co-director in organizing the Advanced Research Workshop in Krasnoarmeisk, Russia. Special thanks goes to Dr. V.P. Glinskij, Dr. LV. Vasiljeva and A.I. Fedonina from KNIIM and Dr. B. Vetlicky for invaluable assistance in preparation and the smooth operation ofthe workshop.

More Americans recycle than vote. And most do so to improve their communities and the environment. But do recycling programs advance social, economic, and environmental goals? To answer this, three sociologists with expertise in urban and environmental planning have conducted the first major study of urban recycling. They compare four types of programs in the Chicago metropolitan area: a community-based drop-off center, a municipal curbside program, a recycling industrial park, and a linkage program. Their conclusion, admirably elaborated, is that recycling can realize sustainable community development, but that current programs achieve few benefits for the communities in which they are located.

The authors discover that the history of recycling mirrors many other urban reforms. What began in the 1960s as a sustainable community enterprise has become a commodity-based, profit-driven industry. Large private firms, using public dollars, have chased out smaller nonprofit and family-owned efforts. Perhaps most troubling is that this process was not born of economic necessity. Rather, as the authors show, socially oriented programs are actually more viable than profit-focused systems. This finding raises unsettling questions about the prospects for any sort of sustainable local development in the globalizing economy.

Based on a decade of research, this is the first book to fully explore the range of impacts that recycling generates in our communities. It presents recycling as a tantalizing case study of the promises and pitfalls of community development. It also serves as a rich account of how the state and private interests linked to the global economy alter the terrain of local neighborhoods.

The Advanced Research Workshop in Bucharest from 20. to 22. 04. 1998 covered a broad spectrum of medical and pharmaceutical approaches dealing to maintenaning and restoring of the health of civilians and military personnel exposed to ionizing radiation or biological or chemical agents. The current capabilities and future perspectives for protection against NBC hazards were analyzed from an interdisciplinary perspective. In this context the planning of medical support operations was addressed as were aspects of practical medicine and forwardlooking scientific approaches. The main areas covered were: -general approach and NBC risks -pharmacoprotection and treatment -skin protection and decontamination -pharmaceutical aspects of protectants -environmental aspects of NBC disarmament Acknowledgments The editors would like to express their thanks to NATO for having made this publication possible and all the participants of the conference who contributed their publications. In particular, the editors would like to thank Constantin Mircioiu and his staff for their assistance and support during all stages of the conference and editing. In addition, they are grateful to Harald Kempf and his staff for their editorial assistance in preparing this volume. THE PROLIFERATION OF WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION: HEALTH RISKS -An Analysisfrom a Medical Perspective- T. SOHNS German Armed Forces Medical Academy Neuherbergstr. II, D -80937 Munich Summary: The proliferation of weapons of mass destruction I and long-range means of delivery continues to be a matter of serious concern as it can pose a direct threat to national and international security.

Since the publication of the first edition of Environmental Health Science , preventing and treating acute and chronic disease caused by exposure to chemical health hazards has become even more central to the practice of public health. This fully revised and updated edition introduces students and practitioners to the concepts and terminology from chemistry, ecology, toxicology, and engineering necessary for identifying the sources of environmental contaminants; quantifying environmental levels and human exposures; and preventing and remediating environmental health hazards. Liberal use of figures and tables allows readers to visualize complex scientific phenomena and to understand their effects on every aspect of the environment from cells to entire ecosystems. Authored by two of the foremost educators, investigators, and practitioners in this increasingly important discipline, the new edition of Environmental Health Science is an essential resource for students and practitioners in public health; civil, environmental, and chemical engineers; policy makers; science journalists; and anyone else committed to promoting human health and the health of our environment.

The book focuses on a global issue-municipal solid waste management (MSWM) and presents the most effective solutions based on energy recovery processes. There is huge potential in employing different technologies and modern management methodology for recovering energy from various waste streams to establish a sustainable and circular economy. In several countries, energy recovery from municipal solid wastes (MSW) is seen as a way of reducing the negative impact of waste on the environment and also reducing the burden on land resources. The book primarily focuses on highlighting the latest insights into energy recovery from various waste streams in different countries, with a particular emphasis on India. Further, it paves the way for sustainability in the energy sector as a whole by addressing waste management issues and simultaneous energy recovery. The chapters present high-quality research papers selected and presented in the conference, IconSWM 2018.

The series Advances in Industrial Control aims to report and encourage technology transfer in control engineering. The rapid development of control technology impacts all areas of the control discipline. New theory, new controllers, actuators, sensors, new industrial processes, computer methods, new applications, new philosophies..., new challenges. Much of this development work resides in industrial reports, feasibility study papers and the reports of advanced collaborative projects. The series offers an opportunity for researchers to present an extended exposition of such new work in all aspects of industrial control for wider and rapid dissemination. The environmental aspects of all of our society's activities are extremely important if the countryside; the sea and wildernesses are to be fully enjoyed by future generations. Urban waste in all its manifestations presents a particularly difficult disposal problem, which must be tackled conscientiously to prevent long lasting damage to the environment. Technological solutions should be seen as part of the available options. In this monograph, the authors M. R. Katebi, M. A. Johnson and J. Wilkie seek to introduce a comprehensive technological framework to the particular measurement and control problems of wastewater processing plants. Of course the disposal of urban sewage is a long-standing process but past solutions have used options (disposal at sea) which are no longer acceptable. Thus to meet new effluent regulations it is necessary to develop a new technological paradigm based on process control methods, and this is what the authors attempt to provide.

Addressing the techno-socio-economic challenges involved in the protection, conservation, recycling and equitable utilization of water as an economic good, this text explores the linkages and dynamics of interactions involving water, and includes the following key topic areas: dynamics of interactions involving water; water quality; augmentation and conservation of water resources; wastewater reuse systems; use of water in agriculture; industrial and municipal uses of water; water pollution; economics and management of water supplies; etiology of water-related diseases; climate change impacts on water resources and paradigms of water resource management.

Dieser Band gibt einen UEberblick zu den Vorkommen und Lagerungsverhaltnissen eiszeitlich gebildeter, quartarer Gesteine und fasst schwerpunktmassig Untersuchungsergebnisse zu ihren chemisch-mineralogischen Barriereeigenschaften zusammen. Ausfuhrlich werden Informationen zum Aufbau, zur Zusammensetzung und zum Schadstoffruckhaltepotenzial des geologischen Untergrundes der Deponie Ihlenberg (NW-Mecklenburg) vorgestellt. Die Notwendigkeit von detaillierten Kenntnissen des physikalisch-chemischen Milieus in den Sedimenten fur die Analyse und Bewertung des Schadstoff-ruckhaltevermoegens geologischer Barrieren wird unterstrichen. Neben komprimierten Methoden-beschreibungen nehmen ausfuhrliche Interpretationen der Untersuchungsergebnisse und daraus abgeleitete Eignungskriterien sowie Handlungsempfehlungen fur die Durchfuhrung von Erkundungsarbeiten einen breiten Raum ein.

Gegenstand des vorliegenden Bandes Erkundungspraxis ist die Erkundung der geologischen Barriere typischer Teststandorte aus verschiedenen Regionen Deutschlands. Bei der Standortuntersuchung hat es sich bewahrt, mit flachenhafter Erkundung, wie geologischer Kartierung, Geofernerkundung, geophysikalischer Vermessung und oberflachen-geo-chemischer Aufnahme zu beginnen und danach die punktweise Erkundung gezielt anzusetzen mit Schurfen, Sondierungen, Bohrungen, Grundwasser-messstellenausbau, Bohrloch-unter-suchungen, Bohrkernaufnahme und Laborversuchen sowie geochemischen Grundwasseruntersuchungen. Zu allen diesen Erkundungs-schritten gibt es methodische Beispiele in diesem Band, aus denen Hinweise zu Aufwand und Nutzen der Unter-suchungen entnommen und auf andere Standorte ubertragen werden konnen. Der komprimierten Beschreibung der Methodik folgt eine ausfuhrliche Darstellung der Ergebnisse."

This book explores the dilemma of siting a high-level nuclear waste (HLNW) repository. The authors examine siting conflicts from a variety of perspectives - political, psychological, and sociological - and identify the fundamental determinants of public opposition to waste disposal facilities as a means of designing more effective approaches to solving the typical siting dilemma. In assessing the causes of public opposition, the book draws on various surveys of attitudes toward the repository as a function of predictors such as perceptions of risk, benefits, and fairness. Exploring the factors that underlie public opposition to a repository enables one to understand why current siting efforts have failed. More importantly, the data are useful in defining what new strategies might be effective in obtaining public consent for a HLNW storage facility. One of the primary conclusions is that the current impasse in the siting of a HLNW repository stems primarily from a lack of national consensus on the need for such a facility. The book also recommends the need for a fair' siting process and the authors strongly favor a voluntary process to solve the siting dilemma. Such a process was initiated in the U.S. by the 1987 Nuclear Waste Policy Amendments Act; the process of finding a volunteer site has proven to be difficult, but there are signs that this process can work. Finally, the book focuses on the problems associated with siting a HLNW repository by treating this case as a generic example of the more basic siting dilemma. The analysis of public opposition and the recommendations we make for successful siting can be generalized to almost any attempt to site a noxious facility.

Nuclear technology places special demands on society and both nuclear weapons and nuclear energy for peaceful purposes require a large measure of security and monitoring at the international level. This book focuses on nuclear waste management, which can work in democratic countries only if viewed as legitimate by the population. This book posits the inability of democracies to establish such legitimacy as an explanation for the current absence of public policy decisions that can identify a solution. The problems are such that they can be resolved only if fundamental aspects of the modern notion of legitimacy are set aside.

The Business of Mining complete set of three Focus books provides readers with a holistic all-embracing appraisal of the analytical tools available for assessing the economic viability of prospective mines. Each volume has a discrete focus. This third volume commences with "Our Earth, its Minerals and Ore Bodies", followed by a review of mineral exploration and sampling of mineral deposits. It continues with detailed sections covering the reporting of mineral resources and reserves in Australia, and concludes with the basic principles and application of the various methods of estimating the in-situ mineral resources and ore reserves. The books were written primarily for undergraduate applied geologists, mining engineers and extractive metallurgists and those pursuing course-based postgraduate programs in mineral economics. However, the complete series will also be an extremely useful reference text for practicing mining professionals as well as for consultant geologists, mining engineers or primary metallurgists.

Since production, treatment and disposal of anthropogenic wastes are among the challenging ecological and social problems of the present and future repositories must be constructed and maintained especially with regard to long-term safety. This volume expertises research results of natural geochemical cycles in connection with the disposal of anthropogenic wastes, the role of fluids in marine evaporites and the composition of salt domes as a criterion for evaluating the long-term safety of underground repositories for anthropogenic wastes. It is addressed to engineers and scientists confronted with these problems.

While it is not possible to predict - or necessarily prevent - terrorist incidents in which chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) are deployed, correctly chosen, fast, and reliable detection equipment will allow prepared rescue workers to respond quickly and minimize potential casualties. Detection Technologies for Chemical Warfare Agents and Toxic Vapors discusses the principles, instrumentation, and context for applying technologies such as ion mobility spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, colorimetric chemistry, and flame ionization to the detection of TICs and lethal CWAs. It conveys techniques - some of which have been patented by the authors - developed for generating vapors and closely imitating potential environmental effects in a laboratory setting, specifically for the testing and evaluation of hand-held, portable, and remote devices. This book also provides a comprehensive list of toxic industrial chemicals classified in terms of hazardousness and their physical, chemical, and toxicological properties. Following a brief historical overview, the text also includes a review of federal detection requirements and the government's rationale for preparedness and response. By providing insight on the behavior of toxic chemicals, the authors hope to minimize the fear and chaotic effect in a potential event involving chemical agents. Well written and accessible to technical and non-technical audiences, no other book focuses on analytical methods and explains current detection devices for chemical warfare agents.

"This book integrates the fundamental principles related to wastewater treatment plant design and operation with an extensive set of design examples emphasizing the issues that engineering professionals are likely to face in the field. It is one of the most valuable books for wastewater treatment plant design-equally useful to students, educators, and practicing engineers." -Syed A. Hashsham, Michigan State University, USA "This book provides an excellent overview of critical concepts needed to solve many environmental challenges in the twenty-first century. It includes solved examples needed to understand critical concepts and contains many topics relevant to addressing water sustainability." -Ramesh Goel, University of Utah, USA Wastewater Treatment and Reuse: Theory and Design Examples presents a state-of-the-art, integrated approach to all aspects of wastewater treatment and reuse. It covers a wide-range of topics from public health protection and regulatory requirements to coverage of facility planning, design, and implementation. A unique feature of the book is a collection of over 700 illustrative theory and design examples and in-depth solutions that provide readers deep understanding of current and advanced technologies in wastewater treatment and reuse. The book serves as a consolidated resource on emerging treatment technologies, new research developments, and future trends suitable for sustainable economic growth. It addresses the needs of students, educators, consultants, researchers, and other professionals who are involved in planning, design, review, permitting, and enforcement of wastewater treatment and reuse facilities. Features: Includes an exceptional collection of step-by-step procedures to apply and design various components of wastewater treatment facilities Provides a cross-section of simple-to-advanced numerical examples and solutions that enhance the readers' comprehension and deeper understanding of the basic concepts Serves as an excellent learning tool to master the problem-solving techniques needed for professional engineering (PE) exams An invaluable, hands-on resource for both beginning and experienced professionals for use throughout their careers

This book serves as a knowledge bank for researchers and graduate students in microbiology, chemistry, and environmental sciences, among others. It focuses on heavy metal in the environment and describes methodologies to immobilize and mobilize heavy metals. It also provides case studies which may be of particular interest to persons in industry.

Looking at the politics of nuclear waste, this book examines the subject from an international standpoint. Other works by the author Andrew Blowers include "The Limits of Power" and "Something in the Air", and he has been co-editor on books such as "Nuclear Power in Crisis".

Traditional textbooks on rock mechanics often fail to engage students in the learning process as such books are packed with theory that students are unlikely to use in their future employment. In contrast, this book delivers the fundamentals of rock mechanics using a more practical and engaging project-based approach which simulates what practitioners do in their real-life practice. This book will be of great help to those who would like to learn practical aspects of rock mechanics and better understand how to apply theory to solve real engineering problems. This book covers geology, rock mechanics principles, and practical applications such as rock falls, slope stability analysis and engineering problems in tunnels. Throughout the whole book, the reader is engaged in project-based work so that the reader can experience what rock mechanics is like and clearly see why it is an important part of geotechnical engineering. The project utilizes real field and laboratory data while the relevant theory needed to execute the project is linked to each project task. In addition, each section of the book contains several exercises and quiz questions to scaffold learning. Some problems include open-ended questions to encourage the reader to exercise their judgement and develop practical skills. To foster the learning process, solutions to all questions are provided to allow for learning feedback.

Landfill, as an indispensable part of every waste management system, is subject to a critical revision. The existing scientific, technical, and regulatory concepts are discussed in group reports on the basis of 14 review papers. Landfills are considered as chemical and biological reactors, which can be active over a time span of several centuries. Thus the common goal of the participants of the workshop was to define both scientific and technical criteria for landfills with final storage quality. This new concept is of fundamental importance for environmental engineers and scientists.

Environments at Risk is designed as an introductory text and uses case histories of environmental impact assessment to raise issues important in controlling environmental problems. This approach is novel as is the concentration on assessment procedures. In his twenty years of involvement with such cases, Professor Ellis developed his own method of approach for auditing environmental impact assessments, a method which will help readers appraise similar cases in which they are involved, either as concerned citizen, environmental managers or assessors.