This book highlights ways to evaluate circular economy using global standard and footprints the way global firms are using to ensure the measurement of the impact. It presents various case studies from different sectors with the efforts made to contribute to circular economy and at the same time its contribution to minimize carbon and water footprints.

Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Resource Recovery from Wastes includes the latest and innovative research and technological developments in the biotechnology and bioengineering pertaining to various resource(s) recovery from wastes. The contents are organized into two broader sections covering resource recovery from industrial wastewater and resource recovery from solid wastes. Sections cover energy, bioproducts, nutrients, municipal food wastes, electronic wastes, agricultural waste and others. The state-of-the-art situation, potential advantages and limitations are also provided, along with strategies to overcome limitations. This book is a useful guide into research demands in solid and liquid waste treatment and management for environmental/economic sustainability.

Features the proceedings of the EEC Seminar organized jointly by the CEC and the Institute for Soil Fertility, Haren (Gr) held in Groningen, The Netherlands, June 12-13, 1980.

This book introduces the latest results in research and practice of industrial solid waste recycling in China's western regions, where more than 50% of the waste in the whole country was produced. With rapid development in recent years, the massive industrial solid waste has become a serious problem in China. This book summarizes information and results of several National Research Programs of China concerning the typical solid wastes of the metallurgical and energy industry in western China, such as magnesium slag, manganese slag, acid sludge of lead and zinc smelting, fly ash, steel slag and carbide slag. It will be highly beneficial to scholars and engineers of environmental science and engineering.

This book highlights current efforts and research on waste management, processing and valorization, particularly in Asia-Africa countries. Chapters 1-2 highlight the overview of plastic waste management and the production of waste plastic oil (WPO). Chapters 3-5 discuss the landfill characterization and application of incineration and composting for waste processing. A new achievement in adsorbent production is highlighted in Chapters 6 and 7 while Chapters 10 and 11 focus on sewage characteristic and its utilization using microalgae. Enzyme production using waste is covered by Chapters 10-12. Chapter 13-14 dedicated to the advances in production of bioenergy. The book concludes with a discussion on life cycle analysis for solid waste management (Chapter 15).

This book explores an escalating modern-day crisis; managing waste in a sustainable way. The central question posed is whether advancing a circular economy provides a way to shift waste management practices towards more sustainable approaches. It begins with an in-depth analysis of the nature of waste management and the prevailing crisis, followed by a discussion about the circular economy in terms of its requirements and the challenges of implementation. The book then moves on to propose a framework that sets out how to establish the policy changes needed to advance a circular approach to waste management. Next, the book outlines complex issues in multilevel systems for advancing a circular economy through examining the contemporary situation in Belgium and Norway. It ends by bringing together the issues revealed in these case studies and draws insights for governments advocating circular approaches. The book will be a valuable resource to scholars, students, practitioners and policy makers interested in developing more sustainable methods of waste management.

This book highlights the latest findings on fundamental aspects of composting, the interaction of various microorganisms, and the underlying mechanisms. In addition to addressing modern tools and techniques used for composting research, it provides an overview of potential composting applications in both agriculture and environmental reclamation. Composting is the process of organic waste decomposition, mediated by microorganisms. The end-product is called 'compost' and can be used as a supplement to improve soil fertility. As the municipal waste generated in most developing countries contains a substantial amount of organic matter suitable for composting, this technology offers a win-win opportunity for stakeholders in terms of disposing of organic waste and providing organic fertilizers for agriculture. In addition, using compost reduces the dependency on harmful chemical fertilizers, and represents a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative.

This book gives an overview of electronic waste (e-waste) management and the latest technological aspects of recycling and disposal of obsolete electronic components while minimizing the environmental impact of toxic chemicals and heavy metals from e-waste. As electronics become more accessible worldwide, this effect generates up to 50 tonnes of e-waste that is only set to increase every year. The chapters in this book explore different strategies through recycling practices, green computing, and eco-friendly approach in handling e-waste through government policies to mitigate the growing side effects of e-waste. This book caters to researchers, policymakers, and industrial practitioners who are interested in more sustainable practices in e-waste management.

Emerging and Nanomaterial Contaminants in Wastewater: Advanced Treatment Technologies describes the state-of-the-art of remediation technologies, such as those involving nanotechnology, filtration devices (e.g. membranes), strategies involving adsorption and precipitation processes, development of new sorbents, nanosorbents, biosorbents, green technology, bio-electrokinetics, degradation of pollutants, advanced oxidative process, oxidative electrochemical and photocatalytic processes, catalytic degradation, and emerging hybrid technologies, such as photocatalyst membrane photoreactors using TiO2. Scientists and researchers in academia and industry will benefit from this comprehensive resource on the fundamental science behind the mechanisms at which wastewater sources can be purified from emerging contaminants.

This book highlights the impact of COVID-19 on sustainable waste management and air emission, using various case studies. The year 2020 was a historical year mainly due to the pandemic caused by COVID-19 and it influenced or affected the global economy, business models and the industrial sectors, thus impacting sustainability in various ways. Given that sustainability has many faces and facets, it is worthwhile to deal with the relation (or impact) of COVID-19 on various elements of sustainability. This book presents how COVID-19 has influenced waste management and air quality.

Water pollution is a matter of concern for both developing and developed parts of the world. This book presents an overview on water pollution and its sustainable management. The book discusses the fundamental aspects of water pollution as well as advanced sustainable technologies for abating water pollution. It is a comprehensive collection of information related with water pollutants which are extremely harmful to man, other living organisms and to the ecosystems. It is all-inclusive coverage of technical, socio-political, scientific as well as social issues revolving around water pollution and management. The book brings out innovative ideas promoting sustainable technologies and extensively covers the diversity of modern technologies related to prevention of water pollution. Book also covers social aspects of water related issues. It is an essential reading for upper level graduates and undergraduates pursuing environmental studies and researchers in the field of waste water management

This book offers valuable insights into the principles, mechanisms of action and applications of traditional and novel enzymes involved in the degradation of wastes. Enzymes are biological catalysts that play an important role in various biochemical reactions. The generation of value-added products by means of these biological processes is also discussed. This book covers the use of in silico and computational methods in understanding the biodegradation processes, and reveals the importance of enzymes in various biochemical reactions and kinetics. The book's target audience includes undergraduate and graduate students, faculty members at colleges and universities, research students, scientists and industry professionals.

This book is focused on the engineering of green materials, which comprise natural composites, bio-inspired armors, waste-added clay ceramics, lignocellulosic fibers, and biodegradable polymers.

This volume provides a collection of research findings on the distribution and risk associated with emerging contaminants (ECs) in water and wastewater across the globe, and effective remediation techniques and technologies. The book covers various monitoring techniques for ECs in water and wastewater and its related impacts on the ambient environment, and offers valuable information on cost-effective monitoring techniques and sustainable treatment technologies for ECs. The authors detail the risks and biological effects of ECs and legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in freshwater and marine systems, including their adverse interactions with aquatic organisms, while also discussing the associated impacts on human health. The book comprehensively covers current research outcomes on treatment methods, cost-effectiveness, and infrastructure needs for effective removal of ECs. It will be of interest to students, researchers, and scholars in environmental science and engineering, water and wastewater, toxicology, environmental biotechnology, soil sciences, and microbial ecology.

The textile industry segment has been continuously expanding and it is reported that the global market was US$1000 billion in 2020. Aside from the fact that textile industry could be profitable and offers several advantages for human life, this industry produces wastewater containing many harmful substances in the form of organic and inorganic moieties. Textile wastewater can lead to serious environmental problems if discharged without treatment. In this first volume of the application of biological mechanisms, processes and units are reviewed in terms of dye degradation and removal. The role of biodegradation, bioaccumulation and biosorption in bio-decolorization are discussed. The book starts with highlighting the fundamentals of aerobic and anaerobic mechanisms having different configurations. The moving bed bioreactor (MBBR), up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors, sequential aerobic/anaerobic batch reactors, membrane bioreactor, etc are also covered in this edition.

This book highlights the significance of urban agricultural production, the technologies and methods for supplying organic materials to the farmland, recovering plant nutrients and energy in cities, and systems for sustaining farmlands in order to produce agricultural crops and supply safe food to citizens. Focusing on the effective recycling of biomass waste generated in cities for use in organic farming, it discusses alternatives to traditional composting, such as carbonizing organic waste, which not only produces recyclable materials but also converts organic waste into energy. Recycling discarded organic matter appropriately and reusing it as both material and energy is the basis of new urban organic farming, and represents a major challenge for the next generation of urban agriculture. As such, the book presents advanced research findings to facilitate the implementation of safe, organic agricultural production with only a small environmental load.

The ever-increasing number of pollutants discharged into the environment drives the search for new treatment technologies or the modification of the existing ones. In this sense, innovation in bio nanofiltration systems seems very promising and therefore, a book on the current advances and innovations on his topic is highly appropriate. Bio nanofiltration is a relatively emerging new technology applied to the treatment of wastewater and other toxic compounds. In the last two decades, this technology has begun to emerge as an economically viable process to treat the great variety of recalcitrant pollutants discharged into the environment. Thus, the US biofiltration market is speculated to reach over $100 million by 2020. This book aims to present how innovation in bio nanofiltration can provide effective solutions to overcome the serious problem of water pollution worldwide. The removal of contaminants will be the result of the combined effects of biological oxidation, adsorption, and filtration processes. Features: Describes the microbial ecology of bio nanofiltration Describes the modelling of bio nanofiltration Describes designing of bio nanofillers

This book discusses the sensitivity, selectivity, and response times of different sensor materials and their potential application in the design of portable sensor systems for monitoring water pollutants and remediation systems. Beginning with an overview on water pollutants and analytical methods for their detection, the book then moves on to describing the advances in sensor materials research, and the scope for their use in different types of sensors. The book lays emphasis on techniques such as colorimetric, fluorescence, electrochemical, and biological sensing of conventional and emerging pollutants. This book will serve as a handy guide for students, researchers, and professional engineers working in the field of sensor systems for monitoring water pollutants to address various challenges.

Second and Third Generation of Feedstocks: The Evolution of Biofuels presents a critical analysis of both the applications and potential of bioenergy production from second and third generation feedstocks. The book illustrates different aspects of the processes used for the production of biofuels, dealing specifically with second and third generation feedstocks from biomass and algae. The pretreatment of feedstocks and optimization of various forms of bioenergy are considered, along with the economic aspects of the various processes. In the last few years, industrial research efforts have focused on low cost, large-scale processing for lignocellulosic feedstocks originating from agricultural residues and municipal wastes for bioenergy production. This book shares an insight into the recent developments taking place in this industry, exploring transformation processes as well as biomass and algae conversions.

This book deals with the general principles, policy instruments, sustainability of supply chain, and business of health-care waste (HCW) management including inputs on exercise in immune health defense against COVID 19. Health-care waste management is very important in any country for protection of environmental and animal and human health. The COVID-19 pandemic, in addition, has augmented this importance to a greater extent. Italy has been successful in curbing the problems related to HCW management during the COVID-19 pandemic at very fast rates from the worst situation, while for a few countries in Asia and Africa, challenges still exist. It is necessary that policy makers, researchers, and implementers gain more knowledge and information on these aspects and improve the strategies and actions. Addressing these issues will reduce the cost of health care as well as resource inefficiency hindering sustainable development goals. This book is of interest and useful to practitioners, capacity builders and policy makers, entrepreneurs, NGOs, and general people, and is a valuable source of reference to the relevant researchers and students in global markets. The book serves as a reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of environmental science, waste management, and medical science. National and international scientists as well as policy makers will also find this to be a useful read.

Provides insight into the application of applied ecology for bioremediation of radioactive wastes Discusses species selection criteria for tailings radioactivity consolidation Explains safe treatment of radioactive ore processing plants tailings Illustrates the role of ethnobotany in selection of most appropriate species to effectively use in bioremediation Focusses on experimental outcomes

This book offers an overview of the latest work in environmental remediation and waste management coming out of developing nations. It is split into two sections: one on state-of-the-art sustainable remediation approaches, and the other covering waste management for a cleaner environment The ten chapters in this book are structured as reviews that assimilate recent works in these areas; they provide a centralized resource for scholars in developing nations who are working in environmental remediation and waste management. The volume will be of interest to sustainability researchers, environmental engineers, industry managers and agricultural scientists.

In this volume the authors offer a comprehensive treatment of all aspects of waste disposal and management. They illustrate these aspects using numerous practical examples. They have included a comparison of regulations in the United States, Canada and Japan, as well as a review of United States environmental legislation - both Federal and State - and a variety of case studies such as Recycling Hawaii and barge wastes.

Sustainable Resource Recovery and Zero Waste Approaches covers waste reduction, biological, thermal and recycling methods of waste recovery, and their conversion into a variety of products. In addition, the social, economic and environmental aspects are also explored, making this a useful textbook for environmental courses and a reference book for both universities and companies.

Advances in Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering focuses on the research of civil engineering and environmental engineering. the proceedings feature the most cutting-edge research directions and achievements related to civil engineering and environmental. Subjects in the proceedings include: Civil engineering technology Civil engineering surveying Geological engineering Structural engineering Tunnel and bridge engineering Environmental protection materials Pollution control project Building environment and equipment engineering The works of this proceedings can promote development of civil engineering and environmental engineering, resource sharing, flexibility and high efficiency. Thereby, promote scientific information interchange between scholars from the top universities, research centers and high-tech enterprises working all around the world.