Now, every water treatment operator can identify and correct treatment deficiencies to maintain the desired water quality. Water Treatment Process Monitoring & Evaluation shows how.A basic part of the water treatment plant operator's job is to identify process problems, evaluate the causes, and develop effective solutions. This handbook will help you accomplish these essential duties.This book provides operators with the information needed to troubleshoot treatment problems, evaluate operational variations (such as the changes in treatment efficiency due to changes in the raw water), and make corresponding water chemistry or other process changes to maintain the desired water quality. Additionally, Water Treatment Process Monitoring & Evaluation covers fundamentals that all operators should know, including process design, computerized and manual controls, chemical feeders, monitoring instruments, response and detention times, and record keeping.Case histories, plentiful graphic illustrations, and a rich assortment of appendix material augment the text.

The Blue Ribbon Commission on America's Nuclear Future was chartered to recommend a new strategy for managing the back end of the nuclear fuel cycle. The Nation's failure to come to grips with the nuclear waste issue has already proved damaging and costly and it will be more damaging and more costly the longer it continues: damaging to prospects for maintaining a potentially important energy supply option for the future, damaging to state-federal relations and public confidence in the federal government's competence, and damaging to America's standing in the world -- not only as a source of nuclear technology and policy expertise but as a leader on global issues of nuclear safety, non-proliferation, and security. This book examines the use of nuclear energy as a low-carbon energy resource with a focus on the management of the nuclear fuel cycle, based on emerging technologies and developments.

Almost 30 years ago, Congress addressed increasing concerns regarding the management of the nation's growing stockpile of nuclear waste by calling for the federal collection of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and high-level nuclear waste (HLW) for safe, permanent disposal. Passed in 1982, the Nuclear Waste Policy Act (NWPA) was an effort to establish an explicit statutory basis for the Department of Energy (DOE) to dispose of the nation's most highly radioactive nuclear waste. The NWPA requires DOE to remove spent nuclear fuel from commercial nuclear power plants, in exchange for a fee, and transport it to a permanent geologic repository or an interim storage facility before permanent disposal. This book explores the effects of a termination of the Yucca Mountain Repository Program with a focus on the need for a comprehensive DOE strategy that supports environmental cleanup decisions.

NRC's Offices of Nuclear Regulatory Research (RES) and Federal and State Materials and Environmental Management Programs (FSME) organized this Workshop on Engineered Barrier Performance Related to Low-Level Radioactive Waste, Decommissioning, and Uranium Mill Tailings Facilities. The workshop was held August 3-5, 2010 at the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Headquarters Auditorium, 11545 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Maryland. The Workshop was coordinated with the States (i.e., Texas, South Carolina, Utah, Colorado, Washington, and New York), Tribal Nations (Navajo, Umatilla and Nez Perce), and Federal agencies (e.g., U.S. Department of Energy DOE], U.S. Environmental Protection Agency EPA], U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service USDA/ARS], U.S. Geological Survey USGS], and DOE National Laboratories). The workshop technical topics focused on engineered surface covers and bottom liners designed to isolate waste by impeding surface-water infiltration into the waste systems and mitigating the migration of contaminants from the waste disposal site. Topics included engineered barrier performance, modeling, monitoring, and regulatory experiences at low-level radioactive waste, decommissioning, and uranium mill tailings sites. The workshop objectives included: (1) facilitation of communication among Federal and State staff and contractors and selected experts on current engineered barrier issues and technical and regulatory experiences; (2) discussion of lessons learned and approaches for monitoring and modeling; (3) preparation of recommendations to address maintenance of engineered barrier performance over time; and (4) identification of topics for future research and the potential need to update technical guidance. Recommendations and insights given during session presentations, panel debates, and the discussions that followed were documented by the session reporters and are included in this report.

All water utilities experience T&O problems. This brand new field guide provides all the information you need to identify and remove objectionable tastes and odors from drinking water and reduce customer compliants about T&O. Ideal for water treatment operators, this handy guide, you will be able to: determine the source and cause of any taste or odor: raw water source, treatment plant, distribution system, or customer plumbing. provide good samples to your laboratory for testing and know what to tell the lab; understand sensory terminology and the various sensory testing methods available; know how to control tastes and odors and prevent them from occurring, no matter what the cause; and make proper treatment choices to remove or prevent tastes and odors. Numerous research studies show that good-tasting tap water is not completely free of constituents; the right concentrations of certain minerals are necessary for a balanced taste, the most important of which are sodium, chloride,

Electrochemical water treatment is a simple method to generate disinfecting agents. Several companies offer special cell technologies for water disinfection. It has been found that besides active chlorine for disinfection, by-products such as chlorate and perchlorate may be formed. Systematic studies using laboratory cells, semi-technical and technical cells confirm this. Mixed oxide and boron doped diamond anodes were used in laboratory-scale and semi-technical experiments which were conducted under drinking water conditions at temperatures between 10 and 30 DegreesC and at current densities between 50 and 500 A m-2. The results of these studies show a perchlorate formation potential. This book presents and discusses current research in the study of perchlorate formation in electrochemical water disinfection.

This book examines the facts and trends in municipal solid waste generation, recycling and disposal in the United States. Our trash, or municipal solid waste (MSW), is made up of the things we commonly use and then throw away. The EPA has collected and reported data on the generation and disposal of waste in the United States for more than thirty years. This information is used to measure the success of waste reduction and recycling programs across the country. In 2008, Americans generated about 250 million tons of trash and recycled and composted 83 million tons of this material, equivalent to a 33.2 percent recycling rate.

Phytoremediation represents the set of technologies able to remove pollutants using artificial ecosystems equipped with natural plants. This book examines a survey about the state of the art of this technique and provides results and details about new applications. The first part deals with wastewaters phytoremediation technique, providing a description of clean-up mechanisms, treatment plants configurations, applicability and removal efficiencies through the analysis of the most recent literature data. The second part consists of a case study in which design, construction and monitoring of real-scale pilot treatment wetland built in a cold climate as primary treatment for dairy wastewaters are examined.

The effort to contain and control the blow-out of the Macondo well was unprecedented. From April 20, 2010, the day the well blew out, until 19 September 2010, when the government finally declared it "dead", BP expended enormous resources to develop and deploy new technologies that eventually captured a substantial amount of oil at the source and, after 87 days, stopped the flow of oil into the Gulf of Mexico. BP had to construct novel devices, and the government had to mobilize personnel on the fly, because neither was ready for a disaster of this nature in deep water. This book examines the efforts to "kill the spill" after the Deepwater Horizon explosion, wherein BP was able to design, build, and use new containment technologies, while the federal government was able to develop effective oversight capacity.

Hazardous materials are any substance which have the potential to cause harm to humans, animals or the environment through direct or indirect interaction. In this book, the authors gather topical research in the study of the types, risks and control of hazardous materials, from across the globe. Topics discussed include antibiotics as environmental contaminants; controlling inorganic and organic contaminants in wastewater; hazardous metal sources and toxicity; surfactant removal in wastewater treatment; fly ash management; a chemical study of sewage sludge from a two phase anaerobic digestion plant and the complete oxidation of volatile organic compounds at moderate temperatures.

This book examines the occurrence of uranium in its natural setting in the United States, as well as its industrial uses and the methods employed over the last century to extract it from ore deposits. In addition, this book explores the nature of solid and liquid wastes generated by extraction methods, and the various reclamation and remediation methods which can environmentally restore the extraction site. The potential radiogenic cancer risks from abandoned uranium mines are also explored, as are the environmental and geographical issues associated with those mines.

Radioactive wastes are wastes that contain radioactive material and are usually by-products of nuclear power generation and other applications of nuclear fission or nuclear technology, such as research and medicine. Radioactive waste is hazardous to human health and the environment and is regulated by government agencies. This book presents topical research in the study of the sources, types and management of radioactive waste, including DMNR real-time online monitoring of short and medium term radioactive waste; radioactive waste from research reactor operation and decommissioning; treatment of high-level radioactive waste arising from pyroprocessing and its waste form and highly radioactive waste disposal.

This book covers in detail programs and technologies for converting traditionally landfilled solid wastes into energy through waste-to-energy projects

Written for utilities serving fewer than 100,000 customers, this book provides practical advice and guidance for implementing a water conservation program. With a menu of possible conservation techniques and approaches from which to choose, the book lets you customize a program for your utility's particular needs, issues, and customers, regardless of your geographic location. Worksheets offer a step-by-step approach to help you decide which techniques will best benefit your utility and community. Includes benefit-cost analysis charts and tables, sample conservation programs, and recommended budgets.

Regular maintenance of water utility equipment and facilities is absolutely critical to the utility's mission of delivering safe drinking water nonstop, year in and year out. This book will show water utilities of all sizes how to develop and operate an efficient, cost-effective maintenance management program. The book systematically covers all aspects of utility maintenance, including maintenance department roles and organization; internal and external personnel; planning a maintenance management system (MMS); program monitoring and record keeping; parts and material inventory management; estimating costs and preparing budgets; and structuring a training program. New in this revised and updated edition is coverage of: GPS technologies for maintenance; asset management systems; integrating maintenance data with utility financial and inventory systems; and internet-based training to keep personnel up-to-date with the latest techniques.

Water and wastewater professionals spend their careers inside the "green maze" of environmental law. If you have ever felt a bit lost, you are not alone. Now, there is a new guide to help you find your way around the green maze. This book is an easy-to-understand introduction to the complex maze of environmental laws that directly or indirectly affect water and wastewater utilities. Laws and regulations that affect water and wastewater utilities include the Safe Drinking Water Act, Clean Water Act, Clean Air Act, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Superfund, Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act, Endangered Species Act, and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act. Each of these major pieces of legislation is explained in clear, nonlegal language and is placed in the context of water and wastewater utility regulation. Selected state environmental regulations, riparian water rights, prior appropriation rights, and ordinances are also discussed. Author Joseph Bernosky includes a brief history of environmental regulations, the scope and nature of regulations that affect water and wastewater utilities, overlaps and gaps in the laws, environmental advocacy, public participation, stakeholders' roles and relationships to each other, and future regulatory trends. He does not delve into the specific requirements of individual regulations, e.g., MCLs. This readable guide is ideal for all water and wastewater professionals, legislators and regulators, and anyone who needs to have knowledge of the federal laws affecting the day-to-day workings of water and wastewater treatment utilities.

This book provides guidance to utilities that are involved in or may face legal challenges to its rates and fees. It explains key legal concepts encountered in water ratemaking with citations to relevant court cases, offers guidance in preparing for litigation or alternative dispute resolution, and describes successful litigation strategies that have been used by water utilities.

Pumps are the most expensive part of a water system to operate and can be very expensive to repair or replace after a failure. Proper pump selection and operation is essential for long service life.This handbook is specially written to provide operators, engineers, and maintenance staff quick and easy methods to determine whether a pump is operating properly. The book is divided into six chapters:Chapter 1 - Pump HorsepowerChapter 2 - Pump TypesChapter 3 - Variable FlowChapter 4 - Pump TroubleshootingChapter 5 - Chemical PumpsChapter 6 - Operation and Maintenance Manual

An analysis of the regime for the management of hazardous chemicals, highlighting the insights it provides for effective multilevel governance in other areas. The challenges posed by managing hazardous chemicals cross boundaries, jurisdictions, and constituencies. Since the 1960s, a chemicals regime-a multitude of formally independent but functionally related treaties and programs-has been in continuous development, as states and organizations collaborate at different governance levels to mitigate the health and environmental problems caused by hazardous chemicals. In this book, Henrik Selin analyzes the development, implementation, and future of the chemicals regime, a critical but understudied area of global governance, and proposes that the issues raised have significant implications for effective multilevel governance in many other areas. Selin focuses his analysis on three themes: coalition building in support of policy change; the diffusion of regime components across policy venues; and the influence of institutional linkages on the design and effectiveness of multilevel governance efforts. He provides in-depth empirical studies of the four multilateral treaties that form the core of the chemicals regime: the Basel Convention (1989), which regulates the transboundary movement and disposal of hazardous wastes; the Rotterdam Convention (1998), which governs the international trade in chemicals; the CLRTAP POPs Protocol (1998), designed to reduce the release and transnational transport of emissions of persistent organic pollutants; and the Stockholm Convention (2001), which targets the production, use, trade, and disposal of persistent organic pollutants. The interactions of participants and institutions within and across different levels of governance have implications for policy making and management that are not yet fully understood. Selin's analysis of these linkages in the chemicals regime offers valuable theoretical and policy-relevant insights into the growing institutional density in global governance.

From time to time city, county, or state officials must address important water and wastewater issues, such as water resources, utility service rates, or capital financing for new infrastructure. These busy people need a useful information source on drinking water and wastewater systems. Water Basics for Decision Makers: Local Officials' Guide to Water and Wastewater Systems is designed to be a handy, one-stop information resource for local decision makers all stakeholders in your city's water and wastewater systems. This expertly written book explains how management of water utilities, rate setting, water and wastewater treatment plant operations, the science of water and wastewater treatment, water quality and public health, water storage and distribution, source water development, infrastructure maintenance, finances, and much more. The author explains technical subjects in a nontechnical style, so readers do not need a technical background in water and wastewater treatment.

Poison in the Well provides a balanced look at the policy decisions, scientific conflicts, public relations strategies, and the myriad mishaps and subsequent cover-ups that were born out of the dilemma of where to house deadly nuclear materials. Hamblin traces the development of the issue in Western countries from the end of World War II to the blossoming of the environmental movement in the early 1970s.

The most important resources at any utility are human resources. People make all the difference in the success or failure of your utility's operation. Managing utility workforce issues is the focus of this practical handbook for water utility human resources managers.The Water Workforce: Recruiting & Retaining High-Performance Employees examines the special human resource challenges facing utilities and offers tested strategies to address them. It will help you recruit, train, motivate, and retain high-quality employees-and build a stable and productive workforce that will meet the short- and long-term needs of your utility. The book focuses on the specific technical work needs of utilities and how to successfully apply workforce management principles in a water utility environment.The book discusses workforce planning methodology, recruiting, and retention, and presents a comprehensive approach to workforce improvement and organizational capacity building. It outlines four workforce development processes:* Defining the organization's work processes* Recruiting* Capacity building* Retention and succession planningUtilities can implement effective solutions to workforce problems with a planned approach to organization and work design, followed by action to improve the capacity of individual employees and their units, and ultimately, the whole organization. Although all utilities face workforce management issues, there are considerable differences between large and small utilities. This book addresses the needs of both with strategies to apply workforce management principles in even the smallest utility.Contents1. Workforce Challenges and Strategies for Success2. Jobs in Water and Wastewater Utilities3. A Strategic Approach to Workforce Planning4. Utilities as Employers of Choice5. Organization Change and Workforce Development6. Job Analysis and Position Descriptions7. Recruiting and Selecting Your Workforce8. Work Planning and Performance Evaluation9. Learning Organizations and Knowledge Management10. Training and Development Programs11. Employee Retention12. Succession Management13. Solutions for Smaller UtilitiesThe book includes several appendices, including general competencies for water and wastewater jobs, utility positions in AWWA's compensation study, occupational data on technical positions, a model training program for utilities, and a comprehensive listing of major water associations in the US that can be used as a resource for recruiting and training.

Most wastewater operators cite mathematics as the subject giving them the most difficulty on their operator certification exams, as well as on the job. This math study text is designed to help wastewater operators improve their math skills, pass certification exams, perform their jobs better, and advance their careers. The guide provides examples of a variety of different problems that will be encounted both on Grades 3 and 4 certification exams and on the job. Each problem is presented with easily followed steps and comments to facilitate understanding. Tests with answers are included after each grade level to help you determine where your strengths and weaknesses are. Appendices provide common conversion factors, a summary of the equations used in the book, chemistry tables, maximum contaminant level charts, and abbreviations to which you can refer when working out the problems.

Most wastewater operators cite mathematics as the subject giving them the most difficulty on their operator certification exams, as well as on the job. This math study text is designed to help wastewater operators improve their math skills, pass certification exams, perform their jobs better, and advance their careers. The guide provides examples of a variety of different problems that will be encounted both on Grades 3 and 4 certification exams and on the job. Each problem is presented with easily followed steps and comments to facilitate understanding. Tests with answers are included after each grade level to help you determine where your strengths and weaknesses are. Appendices provide common conversion factors, a summary of the equations used in the book, chemistry tables, maximum contaminant level charts, and abbreviations to which you can refer when working out the problems.

This handy field reference contains all the information, charts, graphs, formulas, and definitions that are needed by wastewater system operators in performing their daily duties.
This guide compiles information from wastewater operations manuals, handbooks, standards, and many other information sources. Major sections include math, conversion factors, chemistry, safety, collection, pumps and motors, flow, wastewater treatment, biosolids, discharge, disinfection, abbreviations, and acronyms.
Information is grouped based on how it would be used by the operator. Thus, all the information you need relating to pumps will be found in its own chapter and all information on biosolids in another. The guide's small size (4-1/4 in. x 7-1/4 in.) and sturdy cover means you can throw it in your truck and go Low price means every operator can have a personal copy.