AWWA's Water System Operations (WSO) series is the leading operator certification training, aligned with current Association of Boards of Certification (ABC) Need-to-Know criteria and offering training based on experience and certification level. Water Treatment, Grades 3 and 4, is organized into 15 chapters addressing core test content on certification exams. Chapters discuss regulations, operator math and chemistry, and specific treatment processes in detail. Other chapters cover water quality testing, electrical and monitoring systems, treatment plant safety, and monitoring and recording requirements. Everything you need to know to pass your Grade 3 & 4 exam is included in this book. To reinforce learning, the book includes full-color illustrations and links to video clips, as well as questions at the end of each chapter. Key Features: Developed in accordance with the latest ABC criteria Focuses on specific experience and certification level Includes additional study questions at the end of each chapter Access to more than 100 videos for additional learning is included

AWWA's Water System Operations (WSO) series is the leading operator certification training, aligned with current Association of Boards of Certification (ABC) Need-to-Know criteria and offering training based on experience and certification level. Water Treatment, Grade 1, is organized into 21 chapters addressing core test content on certification exams. Chapters discuss regulations, operator math and chemistry, and specific treatment processes in detail. Other chapters cover water quality testing, electrical and monitoring systems, treatment plant safety, and monitoring and recording requirements. Everything you need to know to pass your Grade 1 exam is included in this book. To reinforce learning, the book includes full-color illustrations and links to video clips, as well as questions at the end of each chapter. Key Features: Developed in accordance with the latest ABC criteria Focuses on specific experience and certification level Includes additional study questions at the end of each chapter Access to more than 100 videos for additional learning is included

Under the Superfund program, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) places some of the most seriously contaminated sites on the National Priorities List (NPL). At the end of fiscal year 2013, nonfederal sites made up about 90 percent of these sites. At these sites, EPA undertakes remedial action projects to permanently and significantly reduce contamination. Remedial action projects can take a considerable amount of time and money, depending on the nature of the contamination and other site-specific factors. This book examines, for fiscal years 1999 through 2013, the trends in the annual federal appropriations to the Superfund program and EPA expenditures for remedial cleanup activities at nonfederal sites on the NPL; and the number of nonfederal sites on the NPL, the number of remedial action project completions, and the number of construction completions at nonfederal NPL sites. Furthermore, the book examines how EPA addresses the cleanup of sites it has identified as eligible for the NPL; how the processes for implementing the Superfund Alternative (SA) and NPL approaches compare; and how SA agreement sites compare with similar NPL sites in completing the cleanup process.

Biological nutrient removal (BNR), the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, is a complex process. Although the activated sludge process is an efficient technology for the removal of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total suspended solids (TSS), it provides less-than-optimal conditions for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, and presents numerous challenges to the operator trying to satisfy the many requirements for several different groups of bacteria. In addition to satisfying the requirements there are numerous, highly variable operational conditions that impact BNR. These conditions include: changes in strength and composition of the wastewater, alkalinity and pH, temperature, and presence of inhibitory and toxic wastes. Even fluctuations in flows, especially from inflow and infiltration, can adversely impact the aerobic, anoxic, and anaerobic conditions needed for successful BNR. Of the three treatment processes, nitrification, denitrification, and enhanced biological removal, nitrification is often the most difficult to achieve. Therefore, a large portion of this book reviews nitrification. Operators of the activated sludge process need to understand the basic biological, chemical, and physical requirements for BNR in order to improve the performance of these treatment processes. An Operator’s Guide to Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR) in the Activated Sludge Process is intended to help operators in the monitoring, troubleshooting, and process control of BNR. Numerous tables and figures are included in the book to help the operator understand the biological and chemical reactions that are involved in BNR processes and how the reactions can be monitored for process control. Design of BNR processes is not addressed in this book. Design is addressed in numerous engineering publications. The book serves to help operators achieve permit compliance for nitrogen and phosphorus discharge limits and obtain cost-effective operation.

The purposes of this report are to 1) assess and document the occurrence and concentrations of selected pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater compounds in WWTP influent and effluent, groundwater, canal water, and canal sediment samples at selected sites in Miami-Dade County; 2) assess the persistence of these compounds during wastewater treatment by comparing influent and effluent concentrations, loads, and seasonal variations, and by calculating percent reduction of individual compounds during treatment at each plant; and (3) assess the potential transport of these compounds from recharge areas through the groundwater system and into the canal system by comparing effluent concentrations at the HSWWTP with concentrations in nearby groundwater, nearby canal water and bed sediments, and more distant canal water and bed sediments.

This handbook describes the application, design, operation, control, and optimization of ozone facilities in drinking water treatment plants.For utilties that either use ozone or are considering its use, this book is a total resource for information about ozone water treatment systems. The book explains why and how ozone is currently being used and presents important design, operation, and maintenance considerations. For laboratories and researchers that are involved with bench- or pilot-testing, the book describes how ozone is used in full-scale installations and describes scale-up issues.Regulatory agencies responsible for enforcement, design review, and inspections of plants that use ozone also will find this book helpful.. The book explains the theory and practice of ozone operation and how ozone disinfection performance is measured, calculated, reported, and optimized.

Municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal is an ever-increasing problem in many parts of the world, especially in developing countries. To date, landfilling is still the preferred option for the disposal and management of MSW due to its low-cost operation. While this solution is advantageous from a cost perspective, it introduces a high level of potential pollutants which can be detrimental to the local environment. Control and Treatment of Landfill Leachate for Sanitary Waste Disposal presents research-based insights and solutions for the proper management and treatment of landfill leachate. Highlighting relevant topics on emerging technologies and treatment innovations for minimizing the environmental hazards of waste disposal, this innovative publication contributes to filling in many of the gaps that exist in the current literature available on leachate treatment. Waste authorities, solid waste management companies, landfill operators, legislators, environmentalists, graduate students, and researchers will find this publication beneficial to their professional and academic interests in the area of waste treatment and management.

Water professionals are responsible for shaping and sometimes changing consumers' perceptions about the value of water. Consumers can mistakenly undervalue water's worth by assuming it should be provided at no cost to the public. This book by Melanie Goetz outlines how water professionals can encourage customers to appreciate water as the precious commodity it is by driving the message that it needs to be paid for just like other valuable services. The tactics outlined can be especially useful during situations such as advocating for proposed rate hikes, or when conservation measures are needed. Goetz goes into depth about the consumer behavior and psychology that drives people's understanding of worth. Communicating Water's Value also includes "success stories" from various utilities and corporations who implemented strategies that effectively shaped and changed the public's perception of the value of water.

This publication provides an introduction to the planning and design of activated sludge wastewater treatment plants.

The presence of iron and manganese in drinking water are generally not hazardous to health. However, there are few things are more alarming to customers than seeing red water or black water come out of their faucets. This book offers an analysis of current and emerging methods for iron and manganese removal as well as guidance for handling residuals. Using firsthand field experience and detailed case studies, the authors explain the processes to follow.In this new edition, more detail is devoted to the selection and design of the treatment process and to minimizing the use of vendor-engineered packages that have become so common throughout the industry. Unit processes are described and calculations are provided so that the reader can understand the impacts of changes to the design components. This edition also attempts to address the question of why decisions are made and standards followed.John Civardi and Mark Tompeck have donated their royalties from the sale of this book to the Hatch Mott MacDonald Endowed Scholarship at the New Jersey Institute of Technology.

Good financial management is critical for the successful operation of both private and governmental water utilities. This book provides a complete information resource on sound financial and accounting practices and procedures for water utilities.Intended for financial staff, managers, and executives of water utilities, the book covers these topics and more:Water utility managementFunctions of financial managementStandardized methods of accounting and reportingDeveloping projectionsBudgetingRates and revenuesO & M expensesAssets and liabilitiesTaxesCapital improvement planning and financingInternal controls and auditsThe included electronic Appendices, which will be delivered to your My Downloads, provide valuable support materials, including the complete NARUC UniformSystem of Accounts for Class A Water Utilities, and sample annual reports, interim financial reports, 10-K filing, and policy statements.

Waste-to-Energy is one of the key technologies for sustainable waste management. The book by Laura Mastellone offers a comprehensive overview of the various processes for thermal waste treatment such as incineration, pyrolysis, and gasification. It is instrumental for understanding objectives, functioning, residues, and environmental impacts of thermal processes. This is worthwhile reading for any expert in the field of resources and waste management.

This book examines the very current issue of wood waste treatment to a solid biofuel for energy recovery. The book is dedicated to research in the densification processes of wood waste and its mathematical description for uniaxial densification into compact biofuels - briquettes. This monograph, derived from an experimental research of densification process in laboratory conditions and also in real technologies in practice, provides a thorough understanding of the influencing parameters impact during densification of wood waste into solid biofuel. The book shows the experimental strategy to determine the effects of individual parameters and specifies their impact on the resulting density of the briquettes. The publication also defines the level of importance of the results in terms of optimization of the densification machine's pressing chamber. Using a designed mathematical model, which was a result of experimental research and which can serve to predict the density of briquettes for some predefined densification conditions and can aid in the design of densification machines, the author has made this topic accessible beyond his discipline, biofuels producers and the academic community.

Safe drinking water is essential to human life. Ensuring Safe Drinking Water: Learning From Frontline Experience with Contamination provides those who carry responsibility for ensuring safe drinking water an opportunity to learn from the experiences of others. This book presents 21 case studies-10 waterborne disease outbreaks, 7 cases of severe chemical contamination, and 4 close calls-written largely from the perspective of frontline personnel who experienced the events as they unfolded. For each case, distinguished authors Steve E. Hrudey and Elizabeth J. Hrudey have provided background, operational details, illustrations, questions to ponder, lessons learned, and more, to allow professionals to imagine themselves in these circumstances and see how these experiences can help them in ensuring the safety of their own systems. Ensuring Safe Drinking Water is essential reading for operators, supervisors, foremen, managers, administrative officers, commissioners, councilors, local officials, utility board members, regulators, and public health agency personnel. Accessible and urgent, the book is intended to spark discussion and exchange. Its true-life stories of how things can go wrong lay out what's at stake in the crucial work that water professionals perform every day.

"Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Recycling and Reuse" is an accessible reference to assist you when handling wastewater treatment and recycling. It features an instructive compilation of methodologies, including advanced physico-chemical methods and biological methods of treatment. It focuses on recent industry practices and preferences, along with newer methodologies for energy generation through waste.

The book is based on a workshop run by the Indus MAGIC program of CSIR, India. It covers advanced processes in industrial wastewater treatment, applications, and feasibility analysis, and explores the process intensification approach as well as implications for industrial applications. Techno-economic feasibility evaluation is addressed, along with a comparison of different approaches illustrated by specific case studies.

"Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Recycling and Reuse "introduces you to the subject with specific reference to problems currently being experienced in different industry sectors, including the petroleum industry, the fine chemical industry, and the specialty chemicals manufacturing sector.
Provides practical solutions for the treatment and recycling of industrial wastewater via case studiesInstructive articles from expert authors give a concise overview of different physico-chemical and biological methods of treatment, cost-to-benefit analysis, and process comparisonSupplies you with the relevant information to make quick process decisions

The question of "what to do with radioactive waste" has been raised frequently for both fission and fusion power plants. In recent years, fusion designers have become increasingly aware of the large amount of mildly radioactive materials that fusion generates. The search for a suitable solution has stimulated discussions about the origin and nature of fusion radioactive waste. This book discusses the perspectives of managing fusion radioactive materials. It also discusses the canister quandary, and the nuclear security system in Georgia.