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Books > Science & Mathematics > Biology, life sciences > Biochemistry
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Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products 112 (Paperback, 1st ed. 2020)
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Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products 112 (Paperback, 1st ed. 2020)
Series: Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products, 112
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
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The first chapter describes the oldest method of communication
between living systems in Nature, the chemical language. Plants,
due to their lack of mobility, have developed the most
sophisticated way of chemical communication. Despite that many
examples involve this chemical communication process - allelopathy,
there is still a lack of information about specific allelochemicals
released into the environment, their purpose, as well as in-depth
studies on the chemistry underground. These findings are critical
to gain a better understanding of the role of these compounds and
open up a wide range of possibilities and applications, especially
in agriculture and phytomedicine. The most relevant aspects
regarding the chemical language of plants, namely, kind of
allelochemicals have been investigated, as well as their releasing
mechanisms and their purpose, are described in this chapter. The
second chapter is focused on the natural products obtained from
Hypericum L., a genus of the family Hypericaceae within the
dicotyledones. Hypericum has been valued for its important
biological and chemical properties and its use in the treatment of
depression and as an antibacterial has been well documented in
primary literature and ethnobotanical reports. The present
contribution gives a comprehensive summary of the chemical
constituents and biological effects of this genus. A comprehensive
account of the chemical constituents including phloroglucinol
derivatives, xanthones, dianthrones, and flavonoids is included.
These compounds show a diverse range of biological activities that
include antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antidepressant-like, and
antinociceptive effects. The third chapter addresses microtubule
stabilizers, which are a mainstay in the treatment of many solid
cancers and are often used in combination with molecularly targeted
anticancer agents and immunotherapeutics. The taccalonolides are a
unique class of such microtubule stabilizers isolated from plants
of Tacca species that circumvent clinically relevant mechanisms of
drug resistance. Although initial reports suggested that the
microtubule stabilizing activity of the taccalonolides is
independent of direct tubulin binding, additional studies have
found that potent C-22,23 epoxidated taccalonolides covalently bind
the Aspartate 226 residue of -tubulin and that this interaction is
critical for their microtubule stabilizing activity. Some
taccalonolides have demonstrated in vivo antitumor efficacy in
drug-resistant tumor models with exquisite potency and long-lasting
antitumor efficacy as a result of their irreversible target
engagement. The recent identification of a site on the
taccalonolide scaffold that is amenable to modification has
provided evidence of the specificity of the taccalonolide-tubulin
interaction and the opportunity to further optimize the targeted
delivery of the taccalonolides to further improve their anticancer
efficacy and potential for clinical development.
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