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Cooperative Research and Development: The Industry-University-Government Relationship (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1989)
Loot Price: R4,541
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Cooperative Research and Development: The Industry-University-Government Relationship (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1989)
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We must all hang together or surely we will all hang separately.
Benjamin Franklin The significant apathy that characterized
relationships between indus try and universities and the
adversarial nature of relationships between industry and government
have both faded rapidly in the 1980s as the realities of global
competition have surfaced in the United States. Both industry and
government leaders articulate a number of constructs for regaining
our competitiveness in world markets. One of the more fre quent
strategies prescribed in this new competitiveness era is
cooperation. Different individuals or groups may espouse different
definitions, inter pretations, or areas of emphasis, but the
overall importance of this concept is substantial. Although
examples of cooperative research have existed for several decades,
the number and variety of relationships have expanded rapidly in
the 1980s as corporations, universities, and governments have
embraced this strategy. Joint ventures involving two or three firms
increased from under 200 per year in the 1970s to over 400 per year
by the mid-1980s. Multiple-firm cooperative arrangements are a more
recent phenomenon, made possible by the National Cooperative
Research Act of 1984. By mid- 1988,81 of these industry-level
consortia had formed under the provisions of the 1984 Act. The
rapid growth in cooperative research and development (R&D) is
primarily a response to the pressures of international competition.
As a corporate strategy, cooperative R&D meets short-term needs
for assets to implement new approaches for coping with intensifying
competition."
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