Looking at knowledge as a shared resource: experts discuss how to
define, protect, and build the knowledge commons in the digital
age. Knowledge in digital form offers unprecedented access to
information through the Internet but at the same time is subject to
ever-greater restrictions through intellectual property
legislation, overpatenting, licensing, overpricing, and lack of
preservation. Looking at knowledge as a commons-as a shared
resource-allows us to understand both its limitless possibilities
and what threatens it. In Understanding Knowledge as a Commons,
experts from a range of disciplines discuss the knowledge commons
in the digital era-how to conceptualize it, protect it, and build
it. Contributors consider the concept of the commons historically
and offer an analytical framework for understanding knowledge as a
shared social-ecological system. They look at ways to guard against
enclosure of the knowledge commons, considering, among other
topics, the role of research libraries, the advantages of making
scholarly material available outside the academy, and the problem
of disappearing Web pages. They discuss the role of intellectual
property in a new knowledge commons, the open access movement
(including possible funding models for scholarly publications), the
development of associational commons, the application of a
free/open source framework to scientific knowledge, and the effect
on scholarly communication of collaborative communities within
academia, and offer a case study of EconPort, an open access, open
source digital library for students and researchers in
microeconomics. The essays clarify critical issues that arise
within these new types of commons-and offer guideposts for future
theory and practice. Contributors David Bollier, James Boyle, James
C. Cox, Shubha Ghosh, Charlotte Hess, Nancy Kranich, Peter Levine,
Wendy Pradt Lougee, Elinor Ostrom, Charles Schweik, Peter Suber, J.
Todd Swarthout, Donald Waters
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