In recent years, remarkable discoveries have been made
concerning the underlying mechanisms of aging. In Life-Span
Extension: Single-Cell Organisms to Man, the editors bring together
a range of illuminating perspectives from researchers investigating
the aging process in a variety of species. This novel work
addresses the aging process in species ranging from yeast to man
and, among other subjects, features detailed discussions of the
naked mole-rat, an exceptionally long-lived rodent; the
relationship between dietary factors/food restriction and aging;
and an evolutionary view of the human aging process.
Single mutations that extend life span have been identified in
yeast, worms, flies, and mice, whereas studies in humans have
identified potentially important markers for successful aging. At
the same time, it has been discovered that the genes and pathways
identified in these studies involve a surprisingly small set of
conserved functions, most of which have been the focus of aging
research for some time. For example, the mTOR pathway, a regulator
of translation and protein synthesis, has been identified as a
common longevity pathway in yeast and Caenorhabditis elegans. In
mammals, this pathway intersects with neuroendocrine pathways and
with the insulin/insulin-like growth factor pathways, which have
been identified as major modulators of life span and aging in both
invertebrates and mice.
Novel, emerging technologies and the increasingly wide variety
of systems that are now used to study aging and the mechanisms of
aging provide enormous opportunities for the identification of
common pathways that modulate longevity. It is these common
pathways that are the focus of this important volume.
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