The top quark is by far the heaviest known fundamental particle
with a mass nearing that of a gold atom. Because of this strikingly
high mass, the top quark has several unique properties and might
play an important role in electroweak symmetry breaking-the
mechanism that gives all elementary particles mass. Creating top
quarks requires access to very high energy collisions, and at
present only the Tevatron collider at Fermilab is capable of
reaching these energies.
Until now, top quarks have only been observed produced in pairs
via the strong interaction. At hadron colliders, it should also be
possible to produce single top quarks via the electroweak
interaction. Studies of single top quark production provide
opportunities to measure the top quark spin, how top quarks mix
with other quarks, and to look for new physics beyond the standard
model. Because of these interesting properties, scientists have
been looking for single top quarks for more than 15 years.
This thesis presents the first discovery of single top quark
production. It documents one of the flagship measurements of the D0
experiment, a collaboration of more than 600 physicists from around
the world. It describes first observation of a physical process
known as "single top quark production," which had been sought for
more than 10 years before its eventual discovery in 2009. Further,
his thesis describes, in detail, the innovative approach Dr.
Gillberg took to this analysis. Through the use of Boosted Decision
Trees, a machine-learning technique, he observed the tiny single
top signal within an otherwise overwhelming background.
This Doctoral Thesis has been accepted by Simon Fraser
University, Burnaby, BC, Canada."
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