This new edition of Animal Models in Cardiovascular Research
describes historical and recent advances in our understanding of
the cardiovascular system from studies conducted in a variety of
animal models. Since the last edition we have witnessed an
explosion in the use of both congenic and transgenic animals. The
use of specific knock-in and knock-out transgenic models has
resulted in an avalanche of genetic, molecular and protein-based
information that, potentially, could result in an amazing new array
of treatment and management options. However, the results of these
studies also introduce a sometime bewildering array of redundant,
overlapping and competing molecular pathways involved in both
physiological and pathological responses.
This third edition is designed to provide a better basis for
understanding and using animal models in the current climate of
background knowledge and information. It is significantly different
than the previous two editions. Chapter 1 is updated from the
previous editions addressing general principles of animal
selection. It also provides expanded tables of normal physiological
values for easy reference. Chapter 2 covers preoperative care,
pre-anesthesia, chemical restraint, and includes a significantly
expanded section on pain recognition and analgesia particularly in
rodents. Chapter 3 provides a summary of normal cardiovascular
parameters obtained from intact, awake animals. The data have been
rearranged in outline rather than the previous tabular form
hopefully resulting in easier reference.
Chapter 4 addresses the techniques, problems and pitfalls of
measuring cardiac function in animals. There is an emphasis on the
proper use of these measurements to develop new treatment and
management strategies as well as using them to study mechanisms of
disease. Chapter 5 emphasizes the techniques, problems and pitfalls
involved in the measurement of arterial function and
ventricular/arterial coupling dynamics. Again the emphasis is on
the use of these parameters to develop new treatment and management
strategies and for studying the mechanisms of disease. Chapter 6 is
a all new chapter dealing specifically with the problems and
pitfalls inherent in using isolated heart preparations. The need
for this chapter became apparent because so much information was
published using obviously non-physiologic preparations. The use of
both pumping and non-pumping preparations are described along with
techniques necessary for using hearts from larger species where
oxygen carrying capacity of the perfusate is critical. The
importance of hypoxia and anoxia in the interpretation of results
is discussed.
Chapter 7 focuses on the cardiovascular effects of the
post-operative analgesic drugs commonly used today and how to avoid
potential problems resulting from these effects when reporting
experimental data. These data are also presented in outline form
rather than the tabular format used in the two previous editions.
Chapter 8 addresses the use of naturally occurring animal models of
valvular and infectious cardiovascular disease. The information
presented has been updated and expanded from the second edition.
Chapter 9 examines iatrogenic models of ischemic heart disease.
Chapter 10 is new. It provides a review of iatrogenic,
transgenic and naturally occurring animal models of cardiomyopathy
and heart failure. Chapter 11 includes new, updated and revised
information reviewing iatrogenic and transgenic models of
hypertension. Chapter 12 contains new, and updated information on
iatrogenic and transgenic models of atherosclerotic disease.
Chapter 13 is completely new material dealing with animal models
for the study of neurohumeral and central nervous system control of
the cardiovascular system. Chapter 14 is also new. It provides
examples of cardiovascular studies involving the use of specific
transgenic models not normally associated with the cardiovascular
system, such as estrogen receptor knockouts, to study
cardiovascular function.
General
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