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Books > Professional & Technical > Energy technology & engineering > Electrical engineering
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Quantum Transport in Ultrasmall Devices - Proceedings of a NATO Advanced Study Institute on Quantum Transport in Ultrasmall Devices, held July 17-30, 1994, in II Ciocco, Italy (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1995)
Loot Price: R5,821
Discovery Miles 58 210
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Quantum Transport in Ultrasmall Devices - Proceedings of a NATO Advanced Study Institute on Quantum Transport in Ultrasmall Devices, held July 17-30, 1994, in II Ciocco, Italy (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1995)
Series: NATO Science Series B:, 342
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
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The operation of semiconductor devices depends upon the use of
electrical potential barriers (such as gate depletion) in
controlling the carrier densities (electrons and holes) and their
transport. Although a successful device design is quite complicated
and involves many aspects, the device engineering is mostly to
devise a "best" device design by defIning optimal device structures
and manipulating impurity profIles to obtain optimal control of the
carrier flow through the device. This becomes increasingly
diffIcult as the device scale becomes smaller and smaller. Since
the introduction of integrated circuits, the number of individual
transistors on a single chip has doubled approximately every three
years. As the number of devices has grown, the critical dimension
of the smallest feature, such as a gate length (which is related to
the transport length defIning the channel), has consequently
declined. The reduction of this design rule proceeds approximately
by a factor of 1. 4 each generation, which means we will be using
0. 1-0. 15 ). lm rules for the 4 Gb chips a decade from now. If we
continue this extrapolation, current technology will require 30 nm
design rules, and a cell 3 2 size < 10 nm , for a 1Tb memory
chip by the year 2020. New problems keep hindering the
high-performance requirement. Well-known, but older, problems
include hot carrier effects, short-channel effects, etc. A
potential problem, which illustrates the need for quantum
transport, is caused by impurity fluctuations.
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