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The calcitonin gene-related peptide family - form, function and future perspectives (Paperback, 2010 ed.)
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The calcitonin gene-related peptide family - form, function and future perspectives (Paperback, 2010 ed.)
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In 1925, J. B. Collip (1925) reported that extracts of parathyroid
gland contained an activity that raised calcium levels in the blood
of parathyroidectomized animals, and suggested that this was due to
a hormone produced in the parathyroid gland. The story of
parathyroid hormone discovery was indicative of ever-increasing
sophistication in sample preparation and protein isolation
techniques. This paper resolved earlier controversies over the
function of the parathyroid glands and c- trol of blood calcium.
The year 1961 was a banner year for parathyroid research, in which
the peptides parathyroid hormone and calcitonin were purified, and
in which it was suggested that calcitonin could lower blood calcium
(Copp and Cameron 1961). In 1982 it was discovered that in neurons
the primary RNA transcript for calcitonin could be
alternatively-spliced to give calcitonin gene-reated peptide
(CGRP), and shortly thereafter amylin (previously named islet
amyloid polyp- tide, IAPP) was identified and shown to have
homology to CGRP. Since then a and b CGRP have been delineated and
adrenomedullin and intermedin discovered, and this family of
homologous peptides has emerged. This family of peptide hormones
has a diverse and constantly expanding range of important
physiologic functions, including regulation of blood calcium,
vascular tension, feeding behavior and pain recognition.
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