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Books > Science & Mathematics > Biology, life sciences > Microbiology (non-medical)
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Centromere - Structure and Evolution (Paperback, Softcover reprint of hardcover 1st ed. 2009)
Loot Price: R4,550
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Centromere - Structure and Evolution (Paperback, Softcover reprint of hardcover 1st ed. 2009)
Series: Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology, 48
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
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The centromere is a chromosomal region that enables the accurate
segregation of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis. It holds
sister chromatids together, and through its centromere DNA-protein
complex known as the kinetochore binds spindle microtubules to
bring about accurate chromosome movements. Despite this conserved
function, centromeres exhibit dramatic difference in structure,
size, and complexity. Extensive studies on centromeric DNA revealed
its rapid evolution resulting often in significant difference even
among closely related species. Such a plasticity of centromeric DNA
could be explained by epigenetic c- trol of centromere function,
which does not depend absolutely on primary DNA sequence. According
to epigenetic centromere concept, which is thoroughly d- cussed by
Tanya Panchenko and Ben Black in Chap. 1 of this book, centromere
activation or inactivation might be caused by modifications of
chromatin. Such acquired chromatin epigenetic modifications are
then inherited from one cell di- sion to the next. Concerning
centromere-specific chromatin modification, it is now evident that
all centromeres contain a centromere specific histone H3 variant,
CenH3, which replaces histone H3 in centromeric nucleosomes and
provides a structural basis that epigenetically defines centromere
and differentiates it from the surrounding chromatin. Recent
insights into the CenH3 presented in this chapter add important
mechanistic understanding of how centromere identity is initially
established and subsequently maintained in every cell cycle.
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