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Books > Science & Mathematics > Biology, life sciences > Cellular biology
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Subtelomeres (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2014)
Loot Price: R5,003
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Subtelomeres (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2014)
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New genes and diversity leading to adaptation and evolution are
generated in special areas of genomes. One such area in all
eukaryotic genomes and in those prokaryotes with linear chromosomes
is the region near the ends of the chromosomes. These
telomere-associated sequences or subtelomeres, have different
properties than the rest of the genome and are one of the most
exciting frontiers left in genomics. This book provides a broad
introduction to the field of subtelomeres with detailed information
from various fields and systems, covering yeasts and fungi,
pathogens and parasites, plants, insects, humans and primates and
bacteria with linear chromosomes. Advances in the field as well as
continuing challenges are discussed throughout. The mosaic nature
of this collection and the everchanging perspectives reflect the
nature of subtelomeres themselves. Unlike the core of most genomes,
which are conserved and stable over time, subtelomeres are dynamic
and polymorphic, so much so that generally no two individuals look
alike in these regions. The dynamic nature of the region and the
ability to change the copy number, generate diversity and try novel
combinations make it the evolutionary tinker's toolbox. In many
organisms the genes found in the region are involved in dealing
with the environment. In yeasts, different gene families involved
in sugar metabolism as well as clumping together are found in
subtelomeres and differences in the region may be the reason why
some strains are good for baking, others for brewing and why some
are pathogenic. In fungal plant and animal pathogens, many of the
genes involved in virulence are found here. In humans and primates
there are a number of gene families that vary between ends, for
example the diverse olfactory receptor genes. Even in bacterial
linear chromosomes the region contains genes involved in adapting
to their environments. Perhaps the ultimate use of these regions is
in parasites where they rapidly adapt and escape from host immune
systems through dynamic changes to the proteins exposed to the
host's defenses. Such dynamic, polymorphic structures are also
found in plants and insects though it is not always clear what the
function might be; in some cases they take on the role of end
maintenance. The dynamic, polymorphic nature of subtelomeres, where
many ends share segmental duplications, is an exciting area for
study but also presents a difficult challenge from the technical
perspective.
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