This workbook is intended to introduce translators, exegetes,
Bible students, and communicators of the Scriptures to some of the
main forms and functions of biblical literature, prose as well as
poetry. The aim is to enable readers to better understand the
original text and then convey selected texts in a correspondingly
"literary" - artistic, poetic, rhetorical - manner in their mother
tongue or another target language. These lessons have been prepared
as a practical supplement to accompany the text Translating the
Literature of Scripture (Wendland 2004), which expounds a
literary-rhetorical approach to Bible translation, here termed
Literary-functional equivalence (LiFE, for short). LiFE combines a
concern not only for the artistic and literary dimension of the
Scriptures, but also for relative functional parity as part of a
flexible translation strategy.
Most of the important literary types, or genres, found in the
corpus of the Scriptures are described, illustrated, and applied in
translation exercises. This text-intensive approach is intended to
sharpen the translator's perception of these forms in the biblical
writings, analyze them for greater understanding, and then employ
this knowledge in the search for an equivalent manner and mode of
expression in the target language. There are two principal concerns
regarding quality control: accuracy and appropriateness. Regarding
accuracy, the basic content and communicative intentions (i.e., the
"meaning") of any translation of the Scriptures must remain
sufficiently close to those of the original text. And regarding
appropriateness, the final translation product must be widely
acceptable to the constituency and to the purpose(s) for which it
was commissioned and prepared.
This Second Edition includes several major additions which
considerably broaden the range of the issues covered and also
exposes students and instructors alike to some additional
perspectives. The various exercises of this workbook offer a
practical methodology for helping not only Bible translators, but
other readers as well, to better comprehend and to communicate some
of the important poetic and rhetorical aspects of the original.
This text can also be used to introduce theological instructors,
students, and biblical exegetes in general to the prominent
literary character of the Word of God. This vital dimension of the
Scriptures is often ignored in exegetical textbooks and courses
alike, so this workbook might well serve to fill a gap in the field
of biblical studies.
About the author
Dr. Wendland teaches at the Lutheran Seminary in Lusaka, Zambia and
is a United Bible Societies Translation Consultant based in that
country. He is also affiliated with the Centre for Bible
Interpretation and Translation in Africa at the University of
Stellenbosch, South Africa.
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