Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in
the United States. Every year, about 33,700 people in the United
States will be diagnosed with pancreatic cancer and over 32,000
patients will die from the disease. The median survival of patients
with advanced pancreatic cancer is about 6-months. This dismal
picture of pancreatic cancer is mainly due to the lack of early
diagnosis and effective treatment for patients with advanced
disease. To increase the survival rate of pancreatic cancer
patients, better tumor markers for diagnosis and new molecular
targets for drug development are desperately needed. A lot of
effort has been made in searching for pancreatic cancer-causing
genes or genes associated with progression of malignant behavior in
pancreatic cancer. As a result, alterations in the expression of
several cancer-related genes have been identified in pancreatic
tumors. The identification and characterization of these
cancer-related genes have significantly increased our understanding
of pancreatic cancer development, but unfortunately the treatment
of pancreatic cancer has not advanced as much in the past 20
years.
Over the past decade, tremendous advances have been made in the
field of cancer drug discovery, particularly, in the area of
molecular and genetic models and technologies. Many of those
advanced models and technologies have been applied to the drug
discovery processes for pancreatic cancer. In this book, a team of
experts will describe the latest development in the application of
these models and technologies in pancreatic cancer. The authors
include basic researchers as well as clinicians who work in the
front-line of the war against pancreatic cancer and have the
first-hand experience on these cutting-edge tools and techniques.
The book can be divided into two general areas: 1) model systems
and 2) genomics and proteomics tools. In recent years there have
been a lot of advances in the model systems for pancreatic cancer,
including the further characterization of normal and cancerous
pancreatic cell lines, the establishment of transgenic mouse models
that recapitulate the initiation and progression of human
pancreatic cancer, the development of a new xenograft model system
for the evaluation of novel agents, and the establishment of a
zebrafish pancreatic cancer model. The first four chapters of the
book will be devoted to these models. The advances in genomics and
proteomics research have made a major impact in cancer drug
discovery. A number of these omics-based tools and techniques have
been applied in the pancreatic cancer drug discovery. Chapters 5-9
of the book will discuss techniques for genome-wide examination of
gene expression, copy number, methylation, function and regulation.
Chapters 10-11 will discuss in situ techniques for studying
chromosomal and gene copy number abnormalities as well protein
expression changes in cancer samples. Chapters 12-14 will focus on
techniques for global examination of protein expression levels in
biospecimens obtained from pancreatic cancer patients. Cancer drug
discovery has become more and more target-centric. "
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