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Peptides as Immunogens (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1986)
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Peptides as Immunogens (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1986)
Series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 130
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The humoral response of the immune system to a foreign antigen
usually requires the recognition of two antigenic determinants. The
one, called the carrier, is recognized by T-Iymphocytes, the other,
called the hapten, by B-Iympho cytes. As a consequence, T - and
B-Iymphocytes proliferate, B-Iymphocytes produce hapten-specific
antibodies, and the system develops memory to the antigens. It was
long thought that antigens would form a bridge to mediate the
cooperation of T - and B-Iymphocytes. However, it now appears that
antigens are broken down to fragments which then act as carrier
determinants for T -lymphocytes. The cells which originally process
antigen are called an tigen-presenting cells. They have phagocytic
properties. They can take up and degrade antigens, in the case of
pro teins to peptides. The peptides of protein antigens reappear on
the surface of the antigen-presenting cells, where they must become
associated with membrane proteins encoded by genes of the major
histocompatibility complex (MHC) in order to be recognized by
T-Iymphocytes. To activate helper T-Iym phocytes which cooperate in
antibody responses, MHC class II molecules have to be expressed on
the surface of the antigen-presenting cells. Once T -lymphocytes
have be come activated, they are ready to cooperate with B cells."
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