Consisting of some 572 letters, with another 460 calendared,
this tenth volume in a projected series of twelve offers a complete
accounting of William James's known correspondence--with family,
friends, and colleagues--from the beginning of 1902 through March
1905.
For James these were hopeful years of recovery. The end of the
depressing cure at Nauheim, the successful conclusion of the
arduous Gifford Lectures in Edinburgh, the reaching maturity and
independence of his two eldest children, and the gradual withdrawal
from teaching responsibilities at Harvard allowed him to hope that
he would at long last present his philosophical message to the
world in the shape of a treatise on metaphysics.
Philosophy was in a state of unrest, with old alliances breaking
up and new ones forming, and was ripe for a more fruitful
reformulation of its traditional questions. Intellectualism,
philosophical and scientific, was waning, making room for the
emergence of an empiricism congenial to humane values. As reflected
in the letters of this period, James comes to recognize that Dewey
and the Chicago school were his allies and that the Frenchman Henri
Bergson was moving in the same direction. Consequently, Bergson is
the major new correspondent of the present volume, and, because he
emerges during this period as James's leading supporter, Ferdinand
Schiller is another dominant correspondent.
Often boisterous and irreverent, Schiller saw himself as a
general about to overwhelm an aged and sleepy, but still dangerous,
enemy. James, in the meantime, had to call upon all of his
diplomatic skills to keep on good terms with the people Schiller
irritated, while remaining Schiller's friend and defender. Scholars
will find much material in this volume that will help them judge
whether the common view of pragmatism as a capricious subjectivism
largely reflected a widespread lack of respect for Schiller.
While continuing his involvement with anti-imperialism, James
takes a more critical stance toward existing social conditions
during this period, proclaiming his admiration for the small and
insisting on the connection between great size and social evil. In
1904 he tours the American South. There are hints that he was
acting as a scout for his brother Henry, which perhaps caused
William James to see more of the meanness and shabbiness of the
region than he would have otherwise.
Along with Bergson and Schiller, prominent intellectuals
represented in this volume include Theodore Flournoy, Wincenty
Lutoslawski, Carl Stumpf, Hugo Munsterberg, Josiah Royce, Charles
Sanders Peirce, Oliver Lodge, John Dewey, George Herbert Palmer,
Charles William Eliot, James Mark Baldwin, and Edwin Godkin.
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