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Books > Science & Mathematics > Biology, life sciences > Biochemistry > Toxicology (non-medical)
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Neurotoxicity Risk Assessment for Human Health - Principles and Approaches (Paperback, Revised edition)
Loot Price: R1,103
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Neurotoxicity Risk Assessment for Human Health - Principles and Approaches (Paperback, Revised edition)
Series: Environmental Health Criteria, No. 223
Expected to ship within 10 - 17 working days
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This publication summarizes the scientific knowledge base on which
principles and methods involved in neurotoxicity risk assessment
are based. It is aimed at providing a framework for public health
officials, research and regulatory scientists and risk managers on
the use and interpretation of neurotoxicity data from human and
animal studies and it discusses emerging methodological approaches
to studying neurotoxicity. The introductory chapter examines
definitions and critical concepts in neurotoxicity and looks at the
criteria for quality of data used in risk assessment. This is
followed by a detailed discussion of the structure and function of
the nervous system, of the special susceptibilities of the human
fetus, children and the elderly and of the types of effects on the
nervous system. Recent progress in developing validated methods for
detecting neurotoxicity in humans is investigated, as is our
understanding of the factors that affect the validity and
reliability of human neurotoxicological studies. Sources of human
data include accidental and occupational exposures, case-studies,
clinical evaluations, epidemiological studies, and field and
laboratory studies. Standardized neuropsychological tests,
validated computer-assisted test batteries, neurophysiological and
biochemical tests, and refined imaging techniques have been
improved and become well established. The most extensive section
reviews data derived from experimental animal models. Batteries of
functional tests have been developed, validated and used
extensively in neurotoxicological studies. Many different types of
behavioural tests have been used to assess chemical-induced changes
in sensory, motor and cognitive function, whereas
neurophysiological measures have been standardized to assess
chemical-induced sensory and motor function. The final chapter
examines the steps involved in neurotoxicity risk assessment:
hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure
assessment and risk characterization. The application of risk
assessment principles for neurotoxicants is similar to that of
other non-cancer end-points, except that issues of reversibility,
compensation and recovery of function in the nervous system require
special consideration. This document provides guidance on
neurotoxicity risk assessment at a broad international level.
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