This thesis demonstrates the potential of two platforms to explore
experimentally the emerging field of quantum thermodynamics that
has remained mostly theoretical so far. It proposes methods to
define and measure work in the quantum regime. The most important
part of the thesis focuses on hybrid optomechanical devices,
evidencing that they are proper candidates to measure directly the
fluctuations of work and the corresponding fluctuation theorem.
Such devices could also give rise to the observation of mechanical
lasing and cooling, based on mechanisms similar to a heat engine.
The final part of the thesis studies how quantum coherence can
improve work extraction in superconducting circuits. All the
proposals greatly clarify the concept of work since they are based
on measurable quantities in state of the art devices.
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