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Regulation of Hepatic Metabolism - Intra- and Intercellular Compartmentation (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1986)
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Regulation of Hepatic Metabolism - Intra- and Intercellular Compartmentation (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1986)
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The liver is an exceptionally complex and diverse organ that
functions both as an exocrine and an endocrine gland. It secretes
bile, which contains many con stituents in addition to bile salts,
and it synthesizes and releases many substances in response to the
body's demands, including prohormones, albumin, clotting factors,
glucose, fatty acids, and various lipoproteins. It has a dual blood
supply providing a rich mixture of nutrients and other absorbed
substances via the portal vein and oxygen-rich blood via the
hepatic artery. This functional heterogeneity is accompanied by
cellular heterogeneity. The liver contains many cell types
including hepatic parachymal cells, Kiipffer cells, Ito cells, and
endothelial cells. The most abundant cell type, the parenchymal
cells, are biochemically and structurally heterogeneous. The cells
in the oxygen-rich areas of the portal triad appear more dependent
on oxidative metabolism, whereas those around the central vein
(pericentral, perivenous, or centrolobular areas) are more
dependent upon an anaerobic mechanism. Throughout this volume the
latter three terms are used synonymously by various authors to
indicate the five to eight layers of cells radiating from the
central vein. Structural and metabolic heterogeneity of hepatic
parenchymal cells has been demonstrated by a variety of approaches,
including histochemical, ultra structural, and
ultramicrobiochemical studies. This microheterogeneity is linked to
the physiological functions of the liver and its response to
injurious substances."
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