Digital information drives participation in politics, the economy,
and society. Yet great disparities exist as to which communities
have access to the internet. In 2017, only half of residents of
formerly industrial Flint, Michigan, had broadband or satellite
internet at home, while over 90 percent of those in thriving
Sunnyvale, California, in Silicon Valley, were connected. More
recently, Covid-19 laid bare these persistent digital divides in
both urban and rural communities, illustrating that broadband use
is a fundamental resource for the future of opportunity in
communities. While previous studies have examined the impacts of
broadband infrastructure, they have indicated little about the
extent to which local populations can afford and use the
technology. Moreover, there has been limited scientific evidence on
how broadband adoption matters for collective benefits. Including
new data on broadband subscriptions from 2000-2017, and
comprehensive analysis for U.S. states, counties, metros, cities,
and neighborhoods, Choosing the Future argues that broadband use in
the population is a form of digital human capital that benefits
communities as well as individuals. Broadband has a causal impact
across all types of communities-for economic prosperity, growth,
income, employment, and policy innovation. Yet there are urban
neighborhoods and rural counties where as little as one-quarter of
the population has a broadband subscription, even when mobile is
included. As we build "smart" cities and communities, as economies
and jobs continue to experience rapid change, and as more
information and services migrate online, it is communities with
widespread broadband use that will be best positioned for inclusive
innovation, with the digital human capital to thrive.
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