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The Soviet Gulag - Evidence, Interpretation and Comparison (Hardcover)
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The Soviet Gulag - Evidence, Interpretation and Comparison (Hardcover)
Series: Pitt Series in Russian and East European Studies
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Before the collapse of the Soviet Union and the subsequent archival
revolution, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn's famous "literary
investigation" The Gulag Archipelago was the most authoritative
overview of the Stalinist system of camps. But modern research is
developing a much more thorough and nuanced understanding of the
Gulag. There is a greater awareness of the wide variety of camps,
many not isolated in far-off Siberia; prisoners often intermingled
with local populations. The forced labor system was not completely
distinct from the "free" labor of ordinary Soviet citizens, as
convicts and non-prisoners often worked side-by-side. Nor was the
Gulag unique when viewed in a global historical context. Still, the
scale and scope of the Soviet Gulag was unprecedented. Intrinsic to
Stalinist modernization, the Gulag was tasked with the construction
of massive public works, scientific and engineering projects, and
such mundane work as road repairs. Along with the collectivization
of agriculture, the Soviet economy (including its military
exertions in World War II) was in large part dependent on
compulsory labor. The camp system took on an outsized economic
significance, and the vast numbers of people taken in by zealous
secret police were meant to fulfill material, not just political,
goals. While the Soviet system lacked the explicitly dedicated
extermination camps of its Nazi counterpart, it did systematically
extract work from inmates to the verge of death then cynically
"released" them to reduce officially reported mortality rates. In
an original turn, the book offers a detailed consideration of the
Gulag in the context of the similar camps and systems of
internment. Chapters are devoted to the juxtaposition of
nineteenthcentury British concentration camps in Africa and India,
the Tsaristera system of exile in Siberia, Chinese and North Korean
reeducation camps, the post-Soviet penal system in the Russian
Federation, and of course the infamous camp system of Nazi Germany.
This not only reveals the close relatives, antecedents, and
descendants of the Soviet Gulag-it shines a light on a
frighteningly widespread feature of late modernity. Overall, The
Soviet Gulag offers fascinating new interpretations of the
interrelationship and importance of the Gulag to the larger Soviet
political and economic system, and how they were in fact parts of
the same entity.
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