Forty years ago, the age-old battle against infectious diseases as
a major threat to human health was believed close to being won.
However, by the late twentieth century, the increase of emerging
and reemerging infectious diseases was evident in both low and high
income countries. About 30 new infectious diseases have been
identified in the last 20 years. Among the "new" diseases, and most
importantly, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic, with
40 million persons infected and 25 million deaths since its first
description, presents one of the most significant health, societal
and security challenges facing the global community. The
interaction of HIV/AIDS with tuberculosis, malaria and bacterial
infections have increased HIV-related morbidity and mortality, and
in turn, the HIV pandemic has brought about devastating increases
in tuberculosis.
Understanding the population impact and the dynamics of
infection diseases in the most affected region is critical to
efforts to reduce the morbidity and mortality of such infections,
and for decisions on where to use limited resources in the fight
against infections.
This book aims to contribute to these efforts by offering a
demographic and epidemiological perspective on emerging and
reemerging infections in sub-Saharan Africa.
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