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Books > Science & Mathematics > Biology, life sciences > Biochemistry
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Vanadium in Biological Systems - Physiology and Biochemistry (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1990)
Loot Price: R3,657
Discovery Miles 36 570
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Vanadium in Biological Systems - Physiology and Biochemistry (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1990)
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Over the past several decades, vanadium has increasingly attracted
the interest of biologists and chemists. The discovery by Henze in
1911 that certain marine ascidians accumulate the metal in their
blood cells in unusually large quantities has done much to
stimulate research on the role of vanadium in biology. In the
intervening years, a large number of studies have been carried out
to investigate the toxicity of vanadium in higher animals and to
determine whether it is an essential trace element. That vanadium
is a required element for a few selected organisms is now well
established. Whether vanadium is essential for humans remains
unclear although evidence increasingly suggests that it probably
is. The discovery by Cantley in 1977 that vanadate is a potent
inhibitor of ATPases lead to numerous studies of the inhibitory and
stimulatory effects of vanadium on phosphate metabolizing enzymes.
As a consequence vanadates are now routinely used as probes to
investigate the mechanisms of such enzymes. Our understanding of
vanadium in these systems has been further enhanced by the work of
Tracy and Gresser which has shown striking parallels between the
chemistry of vanadates and phosphates and their biological
compounds. The observation by Shechter and Karlish, and Dubyak and
Kleinzeller in 1980 that vanadate is an insulin mimetic agent has
opened a new area of research dealing with the hormonal effects of
vanadium. The first vanadium containing enzyme, a bromoperoxidase
from the marine alga Ascophyllum nodosum, was isolated in 1984 by
Viltner.
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