Population genomics has revolutionized various disciplines of
biology including population, evolutionary, ecological and
conservation genetics, plant and animal breeding, human health,
medicine and pharmacology by allowing to address novel and
long-standing questions with unprecedented power and accuracy. It
employs large-scale or genome-wide genetic information and
bioinformatics to address various fundamental and applied aspects
in biology and related disciplines, and provides a comprehensive
genome-wide perspective and new insights that were not possible
before. These advances have become possible due to the development
of new and low-cost sequencing and genotyping technologies and
novel statistical approaches and software, bioinformatics tools,
and models. Population genomics is tremendously advancing our
understanding the roles of evolutionary processes, such as
mutation, genetic drift, gene flow, and natural selection, in
shaping up genetic variation at individual loci and across the
genome and populations; improving the assessment of population
genetic parameters or processes such as adaptive evolution,
effective population size, gene flow, admixture, inbreeding and
outbreeding depression, demography, and biogeography; resolving
evolutionary histories and phylogenetic relationships of extant,
ancient and extinct species; understanding the genomic basis of
fitness, adaptation, speciation, complex ecological and
economically important traits, and disease and insect resistance;
facilitating forensics, genetic medicine and pharmacology;
delineating conservation genetic units; and understanding the
genetic effects of resource management practices, and assisting
conservation and sustainable management of genetic resources. This
Population Genomics book discusses the concepts, approaches,
applications and promises of population genomics in addressing most
of the above fundamental and applied crucial aspects in a variety
of organisms from microorganisms to humans. The book provides
insights into a range of emerging population genomics topics
including population epigenomics, landscape genomics, seascape
genomics, paleogenomics, ecological and evolutionary genomics,
biogeography, demography, speciation, admixture, colonization and
invasion, genomic selection, and plant and animal domestication.
This book fills a vacuum in the field and is expected to become a
primary reference in Population Genomics world-wide.
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