In the first cultural and political history of the Russian nuclear
age, Paul Josephson describes the rise of nuclear physics in the
USSR, the enthusiastic pursuit of military and peaceful nuclear
programs through the Chernobyl disaster and the collapse of the
Soviet Union, and the ongoing, self-proclaimed 'renaissance' of
nuclear power in Russia in the 21st century. At the height of their
power, the Soviets commanded 39,000 nuclear warheads, yet claimed
to be servants of the 'peaceful atom' - which they also pursued
avidly. This book examines both military and peaceful Soviet and
post-Soviet nuclear programs for the long duree - before the war,
during the Cold War, and in Russia to the present - whilst also
grappling with the political and ideological importance of nuclear
technologies, the associated economic goals, the social and
environmental costs, and the cultural embrace of nuclear power.
Nuclear Russia probes the juncture of history of science and
technology, political and cultural history, and environmental
history. It considers the atom in Russian society as a reflection
of Leninist technological utopianism, Cold War imperatives,
scientific hubris, public acceptance, and a state desire to conquer
nature. Furthermore the book examines the vital - and perhaps
unexpected - significance of ethnicity and gender in nuclear
history by looking at how Kazakhs and Nenets lost their homelands
and their health in Russia in the wake of nuclear testing, as well
as the surprising sexualization of the taming of the female atom in
the Russian 'Miss Atom' contests that commenced in the 21st
century.
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