Books > Science & Mathematics > Biology, life sciences > Life sciences: general issues > Neurosciences
|
Buy Now
Cerebral Cortex - Models of Cortical Circuits (Hardcover, 1999 ed.)
Loot Price: R5,930
Discovery Miles 59 300
|
|
Cerebral Cortex - Models of Cortical Circuits (Hardcover, 1999 ed.)
Series: Cerebral Cortex, 13
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
|
Donate to Against Period Poverty
Total price: R5,940
Discovery Miles: 59 400
|
Thisisthefirstvolumeinthe CerelJral
Cortexseriesdevotedtomathematicalmodels ofthecortex.
Itwasmotivatedbytherealizationthatcomputationalmodelsof
individualneuronsandensemblesofneuronsareincreasinglyusedinresearchon
corticalorganizationandfunction.
Thisis,inpart,becauseofthenowubiquitous
presenceofpowerfulandaffordablecomputers.
Suitablemachineswereformerly
rareinresearchlaboratoriesandrequiredsubstantialprogrammingexpertisetobe
usedinconstructingandusingneuronalmodels. However,computersarenow
routinelyusedinallareasofneurobiologyandanumberofsoftwarepackagesallow
scientistswithminimalcomputerscienceandmathematicalbackgroundstocon-
structseriousneuronalmodels.
Asecondfactorleadingtotheproliferationof
modelingstudiesisthedevelopmentoftechnologiesthatallowthekindsofdata
collectionneededtodeveloprealisticmodelsofcorticalneurons.
Characterization
ofthekineticsofvoltage-andligand-gatedchannelsandreceptorshadbeenlim-
itedtorelativelylargeneurons.
However,therapiddevelopmentofsliceprepara-
tions,patch-clampmethods,andimagingmethodsbasedonvoltage-sensitivedyes
andintracellularcalciumindicatorshasresultedinasignificantdatabaseonthe
biophysicalfeaturesofcorticalneurons.
Thescopeofmodelingapproachestocorticalneuronsandfunctionsiswide
anditseemednecessarytolimitthepurviewofthevolume.
Thefocusisonattempts
tounderstandthepropertiesofindividualcorticalneuronsandneuronalcircuitry
throughmodelsthatincorporatesignificantfeaturesofcellularmorphologyand
physiology.
Noattemptwasmadetoincludemodelingapproachestounderstanding
corticaldevelopmentandplasticity.
Thus,workdealingwiththedevelopmentof
oculardominancecolumnsandtheorientationselectivityofneuronsinvisualcortex
isnotconsidered.
Similarly,modelsdealingwiththecellularmechanismsunderlying
long-termplasticityandwithapproachestolearningandmemorybasedonmodifica-
tionofHebbiansynapsesarenotconsidered.
Relativelyabstractattemptstounder-
standhigherlevelandcognitiveprocessesbasedonneuralnetsrepresentasecond,
majorareaofworkthatisnottreated. Modelsofcognitiveprocessesbasedon
dynamicalsystemsmethodsinwhichnoattemptismadetoincludethebiophysical
featuresofindividualneuronsarealsonotconsidered. vii viii
Thetenmajorchaptersfallintothreegroups. Thefirstgroupdealswith
compartmentalmodelsofindividualcorticalneurons.
LyleBorg-Grahamprovides PREFACE
anintroductiontothemethodsinvolvedinconstructingcompartmentalmodels
andthenreviewstheexistingmodelsofhippocampalpyramidalcells.
Becauseof
theeffectivenessofhippocampalslicepreparations,theseneuronshavewell-ehar-
acterizedbiophysicalproperties.
Thischapterillustrateshowcompartmentalmod-
elscanbeusedtosynthesizeexperimentaldataandprovideanintegrativeviewof
thepropertiesofindividualneurons.
PaulRhodescontinuesthethemebyfocusing
ontheroleofvoltage-gatedchannelslocatedonthedendritesofcorticalneurons.
Thisisanareainwhichtechnologicaladvancesinthevisualizationofneuronsin
slicepreparationsbasedoninfraredmicroscopyhavegreatlyexpandedtheinfor-
mationavailableondendriticfunctioninjustafewyears.
Thechapterbothreviews
theexperimentaldataonactivedendriticconductancesandemphasizestheirpo-
tentialfunctionalroles.
Thesecondgroupofchaptersdealwiththegenerationofreceptivefield
propertiesofneuronswithinvisualcortex.
Theyaddressissuesstemmingfromthe
originalattempttounderstandhowthereceptivefieldpropertiesofneuronsincat
andmonkeyprimaryvisualcortexaregeneratedbyinteractionsbetweengenicu-
lateafferentsandcorticalneurons.
ThechapterbyFlorentinWorgotterevaluates
modelsthathavebeenusedtoanalyzethegenerationofreceptivefieldproperties.
RodneyDouglasandhiscolleaguesaddressaspecificsetofissuesdealingwiththe
roleofintracorticalexcitationmediatedbypyramidalcellcollaterals.
Animportant
featureofthischapterisitsrelationtoattempttoconstructfabricatedcircuitsthat
duplicatethefunctionsofcorticalcircuits.
ThechapterbyPhilipUlinskifocuseson
thegenerationofmotion-selectivepropertiesincorticalneurons.
Itseekstoidenti-
tycellularmechanismsusedbyneuronsthatrespondpreferentiallytovisualstimuli
movingwithparticularspeedsordirections.
MatteoCarandiniandhiscolleagues
discussthefeatureofcorticalneurons,knownasgaincontrol,thatallowsneurons
torespondeffectivelytovisualstimulibypoolinginformationacrosspopulationsof
corticalneurons.
ThechapterbyHughWilsondealswiththereceptivefieldproper-
tiesofextrastriateareasandintroducesnewworkanalyzingface-selectiveneurons.
Thefinalsetofchaptersconsidermodelsofensemblesofthalamicandcortical
neurons. ThechapterbyWilliamLyttonandElizabethThomasusesthetheoryof
dynamicalsystemstoanalyzethetemporalrelationshipsbetweenthalamicand
corticalneurons.
Animportantfeatureoftheinteractionbetweenthalamusand
cortexisthepresenceofoscillationsthatdependinpartuponthevoltage-gated
conductancespresentonindividualneuronsandinpartonthestructureofthe
overallnetwork.
PaulBushcontinuesthisemphasisonoscillationsbydiscussinga
modelthatdealswiththegenerationofsynchronizedoscillationsinvisualcortex.
Oscillationsofthiskindhaveattractedsubstantialattentioninrecentyearsbecause
oftheirpotentialroleincognitiveprocesses.
Thelastchapter,byMichaelHasselmo
andChristianeLinster,reviewstheirworkonmodelingpiriformcortex,emphasiz-
ingtheroleofcholinergicmechanismsinmodulatingtheactivityofcorticalneu-
rons. Anattempthasbeenmadethroughouttomakethevolumeaccessibleto
readerswithminimalmathematicalbackgrounds. Thevolumethusbeginswitha
shorthistoryofmodelsofcorticalneuronsandcircuitrythatintroducestheprinci-
palmodelingstyles.
ThechaptersbyWorgotterandUlinskicontainmoreextensive ix
introductionstosomeofthemodelingmethodsthathavebeenusedtostudyvisual
cortex,andthemathematicallychallengedreaderwillfindthatthechapterby
PREFACE
LyttonandThomascontainsareadableintroductiontotheuseofdynamical
systemstheoryinneurobiology. PhilipS. Ulinski EdwardG. Jones
Chicago and Davis Contents Chapter 1
ModelingCorticalCircuitry:AHistoryandProspectus PhilipS. Ulinski 1.
Introduction "...1 2. LorentedeNothroughDynamicalSystemsModels...2
2. 1. LorentedeNo...2 2. 2. CellAssembliesandNeuralNets...3 2. 3.
DynamicSystemsModels...8 3.
HodgkinandHuxleythroughNetworkModels...11 3. 1.
HodgkinandHuxley...11 3. 2. WilfridRall...11 3. 3.
SoftwarePackages...13 3. 4. RealisticModelsofCorticalNetworks...14
4. Prospectus...14 5. References...15 Chapter 2
InterpretationsofDataandMechanismsforHippocampalPyramidal
CellModels LyleJ Borg-Graham 1. Introduction...19 1. 1.
NeuronModelEvolution-followingElectrophysiology...19 1. 2.
NeuronModelEvaluation-followingtheParameters...21 1. 3.
WhyHippocampus? 21 1. 4. OrganizationofThisChapter...22 xi xii 2.
TheDatabaseforSingle-NeuronModels...23 2. 1.
VoltageClampversusCurrentClamp...23 CONTENTS 2. 2.
Single-ChannelversusMacroscopicCurrents...24 2. 3.
TypeofPreparation...24 2. 4.
KineticandPharmacologicalDissection...25 2. 5.
TemperatureDependence...26 2. 6. AgeDependence...27 2. 7.
HippocampalSubfieldDependence...27 2. 8.
DifferencesinFiringPropertiesbetweenSharpversusPatch
Recordings...28 2. 9. TheMeasuredVoltage...
General
Is the information for this product incomplete, wrong or inappropriate?
Let us know about it.
Does this product have an incorrect or missing image?
Send us a new image.
Is this product missing categories?
Add more categories.
Review This Product
No reviews yet - be the first to create one!
|
|
Email address subscribed successfully.
A activation email has been sent to you.
Please click the link in that email to activate your subscription.