Simply put, allelopathy refers to an ecological phenomenon of
plant-plant interference through release of organic chemicals
(allelochemicals) in the environment. These chemicals can be
directly and continuously released by the donor plants in their
immediate environment as volatiles in the air or root exudates in
soil or they can be the microbial degradation products of plant
residues. The chemicals may interfere with survival and growth of
neighboring or succeeding plants. Black walnut, eucalyptus,
sunflower, sorghum, sesame and alfalfa are common examples of
plants with allelopathic property as well as some staple crops such
as rice, wheat, barley and sorghum. Plants can emit chemicals that
also discourage insects and pathogens. To maintain sustained
productivity, knowledge of this form of plant interference on other
plants and on disease causing organisms has been used in
agriculture since prehistoric time by manipulating cropping pattern
and sequence such as mixed cropping and crop rotation. However, use
of numerous agrochemicals including a wide range of herbicides,
pesticides, fertilizers and genetically modified high yielding
crops has become the characteristic feature of modern industrial
agriculture. Not only the sustainability of crop yield is called
into question in this form of agriculture, the extensive long-term
and often irreversible environmental degradation including ground
water contamination and food safety associated with industrial
agriculture are now of serious concern worldwide.
The objective is to report on the latest advances in allelopathy
by inviting leading scientists to contribute in specific fields.
The volume is organized under three major subsections: History of
allelopathy, Allelochemicals, allelopathic mechanisms, and
bioassays, and Application of allelopathy in agriculture and
forestry. An emphasis is place on methodology and application,
making it a truly practical reference.
General
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