Environmental Fluid Mechanics (EFM) studies the motion of air and
water at several different scales, the fate and transport of
species carried along by these fluids, and the interactions among
those flows and geological, biological, and engineered systems. EFM
emerged some decades ago as a response to the need for tools to
study problems of flow and transport in rivers, estuaries, lakes,
groundwater and the atmosphere; it is a topic of increasing
importance for decision makers, engineers, and researchers alike.
The second edition of the successful textbook "Fluid Mechanics of
Environmental Interfaces" is still aimed at providing a
comprehensive overview of fluid mechanical processes occurring at
the different interfaces existing in the realm of EFM, such as the
air-water interface, the air-land interface, the water-sediment
interface, the surface water-groundwater interface, the
water-vegetation interface, and the water-biological systems
interface. Across any of these interfaces mass, momentum, and heat
are exchanged through different fluid mechanical processes over
various spatial and temporal scales. In this second edition, the
unique feature of this book, considering all the topics from the
point of view of the concept of environmental interface, was
maintained while the chapters were updated and five new chapters
have been added to significantly enlarge the coverage of the
subject area. The book starts with a chapter introducing the
concept of EFM and its scope, scales, processes and systems. Then,
the book is structured in three parts with fifteen chapters. Part
one, which is composed of four chapters, covers the processes
occurring at the interfaces between the atmosphere and the surface
of the land and the seas, including the transport of dust and the
dispersion of passive substances within the atmosphere. Part two
deals in five chapters with the fluid mechanics at the air-water
interface at small scales and sediment-water interface, including
the advective diffusion of air bubbles, the hyporheic exchange and
the tidal bores. Finally, part three discusses in six chapters the
processes at the interfaces between fluids and biotic systems, such
as transport processes in the soil-vegetation-lower atmosphere
system, turbulence and wind above and within the forest canopy,
flow and mass transport in vegetated open channels, transport
processes to and from benthic plants and animals and coupling
between interacting environmental interfaces. Each chapter has an
educational part, which is structured in four sections: a synopsis
of the chapter, a list of keywords that the reader should have
encountered in the chapter, a list of questions and a list of
unsolved problems related to the topics covered by the chapter. The
book will be of interest to graduate students and researchers in
environmental sciences, civil engineering and environmental
engineering, (geo)physics, atmospheric science, meteorology,
limnology, oceanography, and applied mathematics.
General
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