Foams are ubiquitous in our daily lives. Their presence is highly desirable in certain foods, drinks and cosmetics, and they are essential in oil recovery and mineral extraction. In some industrial processes (such as the manufacture of glass, paper and wine) foams are an unwelcome by-product. Why do they appear? What controls the rate at which they disappear? Do they flow in the same way as ordinary liquids? All of these questions and more are addressed here, incorporating significant recent contributions to the field of foams. This book is the first to provide a thorough description of all aspects of the physico-chemical properties of foams. It sets out what is known about their structure, their stability, and their rheology. Engineers, researchers and students will find descriptions of all the key concepts, illustrated by numerous applications, as well as experiments and exercises for the reader. A solutions manual for lecturers is available via the publisher's web site.

Introduces basic principles and mechanisms, covers new developments, and provides a different view of the main facets of bioelectrosynthesis Bioelectrosynthesis represents a promising approach for storing renewable energy or producing target chemicals in an energy-sustainable and low-cost way. This timely and important book systemically introduces the hot issues surrounding bioelectrosynthesis, including potential value-added products via bioelectrochemical system, reactor development of bioelectrosynthesis, and microbial biology on biofilm communities and metabolism pathways. It presents readers with unique viewpoints on basic principles and mechanisms along with new developments on reactor and microbial ecology. Beginning with a principle and products overview of bioelectrosynthesis, Bioelectrosynthesis: Principles and Technologies for Value-Added Products goes on to offer in-depth sections on: biogas production and upgrading technology via bioelectrolysis; organic synthesis on cathodes; chemical products and nitrogen recovery; external electron transfer and electrode material promotion; and the microbiology of bioelectrosynthesis. Topics covered include: hydrogen production from waste stream with microbial electrolysis cell; microbial electrolysis cell; inorganic compound synthesis in bioelectrochemical system; microbial growth, ecological, and metabolic characteristics in bioelectrosynthesis systems; microbial metabolism kinetics and interactions in bioelectrosynthesis system; and more. * Comprehensively covers all of the key issues of biolelectrosynthesis * Features contributions from top experts in the field * Examines the conversion of organic wastes to methane via electromethanogenesis; methane production at biocathodes; extracellular electron transport of electroactive biofilm; and more Bioelectrosynthesis: Principles and Technologies for Value-Added Products will appeal to chemists, electrochemists, environmental chemists, water chemists, microbiologists, biochemists, and graduate students involved in the field.

Climate change is a major challenge facing modern society. The chemistry of air and its influence on the climate system forms the main focus of this book. Vol. 2 of Chemistry of the Climate System takes a problem-based approach to presenting global atmospheric processes, evaluating the effects of changing air compositions as well as possibilities for interference with these processes through the use of chemistry.

The depletion of fossil fuels is a major issue in energy generation; hence, biomass and renewable energy sources, especially bioenergy, are the solution. The dependence on bioenergy has many benefits to mitigate environmental pollution. It is imperative that the global society adopts these alternative, sustainable energy sources in order to mitigate the constant growth of climate change. Biomass and Bioenergy Solutions for Climate Change Mitigation and Sustainability highlights the challenges of energy conservation and current scenarios of existing fossil fuel uses along with pollution potential of burning fossil fuel. It further promotes the inventory, assessment, and use of biomass, pollution control, and techniques. This book provides the solution for climate change, mitigation, and sustainability. Covering topics such as biofuel policies, economic considerations, and microalgae biofuels, this premier reference source is an essential resource for environmental scientists, environmental engineers, government officials, business leaders, politicians, librarians, students and faculty of higher education, researchers, and academicians.

Discover biomolecular engineering technologies for the production of biofuels, pharmaceuticals, organic and amino acids, vitamins, biopolymers, surfactants, detergents, and enzymes In Biomolecular Engineering Solutions for Renewable Specialty Chemicals, distinguished researchers and editors Drs. R. Navanietha Krishnaraj and Rajesh K. Sani deliver a collection of insightful resources on advanced technologies in the synthesis and purification of value-added compounds. Readers will discover new technologies that assist in the commercialization of the production of value-added products. The editors also include resources that offer strategies for overcoming current limitations in biochemical synthesis, including purification. The articles within cover topics like the rewiring of anaerobic microbial processes for methane and hythane production, the extremophilic bioprocessing of wastes to biofuels, reverse methanogenesis of methane to biopolymers and value-added products, and more. The book presents advanced concepts and biomolecular engineering technologies for the production of high-value, low-volume products, like therapeutic molecules, and describes methods for improving microbes and enzymes using protein engineering, metabolic engineering, and systems biology approaches for converting wastes. Readers will also discover: A thorough introduction to engineered microorganisms for the production of biocommodities and microbial production of vanillin from ferulic acid Explorations of antibiotic trends in microbial therapy, including current approaches and future prospects, as well as fermentation strategies in the food and beverage industry Practical discussions of bioactive oligosaccharides, including their production, characterization, and applications In-depth treatments of biopolymers, including a retrospective analysis in the facets of biomedical engineering Perfect for researchers and practicing professionals in the areas of environmental and industrial biotechnology, biomedicine, and the biological sciences, Biomolecular Engineering Solutions for Renewable Specialty Chemicals is also an invaluable resource for students taking courses involving biorefineries, biovalorization, industrial biotechnology, and environmental biotechnology.

Nanoemulsions are produced by mixing an oil phase with an aqueous phase under shear pressure. This procedure yields uniform populations of oil droplets ranging in diameter from 200 to 8 nm that are kinetically stable colloidal substances with enhanced properties compared to the conventional emulsion substances. Nanoemulsions have broad potential applications in agriculture, food, health, and biomedical sciences. Nanoemulsion Applications in Agriculture, Food, Health, and Biomedical Sciences focuses on the aspects of nanoemulsion-like synthesis, characterization, and more and examines recent trends in their applications within a variety of relevant fields. Nanoemulsions have broad application in many different fields; without emulsification, process product development would not be possible. Covering topics such as cancer treatment, healthcare applications, and food manufacturing, this book is essential for scientists, doctors, researchers, post-graduate students, medical students, government officials, hospital directors, professors, and academicians.

Fully updated for the 2020 Edition of the ASME B31.3 Code, this fourth edition provides background information, historical perspective, and expert commentary on the ASME B31.3 Code requirements for process piping design and construction. It provides the most complete coverage of the Code that is available today and is packed with additional information useful to those responsible for the design and mechanical integrity of process piping. The author and the primary contributor to the fourth edition, Don Frikken are a long-serving members, and Prior Chairmen, of the ASME B31.3, Process Piping Code committee.

Biomaterials are advanced materials that garner interdisciplinary research. Wastewater pollution causes many adverse effects on human health and the environment. In order to rectify this, biomaterials and other nanomaterials have been utilized as photocatalysts against environmental waste. In this book, biomaterials are highlighted as a promising material for waste management, as biomaterials are cost-effective, eco-friendly and closer to nature.

Databook of Flame Retardants contains information on commonly-used additives broken out into five sections, including General, Physical, Health and Safety, Ecological, and Use. Over one hundred types of data are included for over three hundred and fifty commercial-based products. All data fields are defined and include a broad range of information, such as calcium contents, molecular mass, brightness, freezing/melting points, viscosity, volatility, UN/NA class, autoignition temperature, partition coefficient, processing methods, concentrations used, and more. This book is best utilized in tandem with the Handbook of Flame Retardants. Each book complements the other without repeating information, with the other release explaining the role of these products, their selection, mechanism of action, use in different polymers and products, and health and commercial issues related to flame retardants.

Advanced fiber materials have been developed for various superior applications because of their higher mechanical flexibility, high-temperature resistance, and outstanding chemical stability. This book presents an overview of the current development of advanced fiber materials, fabrication methods, and applications. Applications covered include pollution control, environment, energy, information storage technology, optical and photonic, photocatalysis, textile, drug delivery, tumor therapy, corrosion protection applications, and a state of art of advanced fiber materials.

Metals are used at an extremely high rate in the industrial and manufacturing fields. Exemplary properties including strength and ductility have made this material highly dynamic; however, the risk of corrosion remains a vital issue. The study of corrosion prevention has attracted interest from researchers and professionals as new technologies are emerging that can assist in the prevention of material destruction. However, research is lacking on the application of these protective technologies within specific fields. New Challenges and Industrial Applications for Corrosion Prevention and Control provides emerging research exploring the theoretical and practical aspects of protective methods against corrosion and the implementation of these techniques within a wide span of professional disciplines. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as molecular modeling, surface treatments, and biomaterials, this book is ideally designed for engineers, industrial chemists, material scientists, researchers, engineers, academicians, practitioners, and students seeking current research on the technological advancements in corrosion protection in various professional scopes.

In engineering, there are often situations in which the material of the main component is unable to sustain long life or protect itself from adverse operating environments. Moreover, in some cases, different material properties such as anti-friction and wear, anti-corrosive, thermal resistive, super hydrophobic, etc. are required as per the operating conditions. If those bulk components are made of such materials and possess those properties, the cost will be very high. In such cases, a practical solution is surface coating, which serves as a protective barrier to the bulk material from the adverse environment. In the last decade, with enormous effort, researchers and scientists have developed suitable materials to overcome those unfavorable operating conditions, and they have used advanced deposition techniques to enhance the adhesion and surface texturing of the coatings. Advanced Surface Coating Techniques for Modern Industrial Applications is a highly sought reference source that compiles the recent research trends in these new and emerging surface coating materials, deposition techniques, properties of coated materials, and their applications in various engineering and industrial fields. The book particularly focuses on 1) coating materials including anti-corrosive materials and nanomaterials, 2) coating methods including thermal spray and electroless disposition, and 3) applications such as surface engineering and thin film application. The book is ideal for engineers, scientists, researchers, academicians, and students working in fields like material science, mechanical engineering, tribology, chemical and corrosion science, bio-medical engineering, biomaterials, and aerospace engineering.

This volume includes several perspectives on how to connect the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals with the 12 principles of green chemistry, and green chemistry education.

This two volume set introduces the up-to-date high-tech applications of Aggregation-Induced Emission (AIE) luminogens in biosensing, bioimaging, and biomedicine. The 2nd volume presents the applications of AIE materials in biomedicine, including the utilizations in biomedical polymers, organic nanoprobes, photosensitizer, photothermal agents, AIEgens-based delivery systems, etc. It is an essential reference for materials scientists, chemists, physicists and biological chemists.

AGITATOR DESIGN FOR GAS-LIQUID FERMENTERS AND BIOREACTORS Explore the basic principles and concepts of the design of agitation systems for fermenters and bioreactors Agitator Design for Gas-Liquid Fermenters and Bioreactors delivers a -concise treatment and explanation of how to design mechanically sound agitation systems that will perform the agitation process function efficiently and economically. The book covers agitator fundamentals, impeller systems, optimum power and air flow at peak mass transfer calculations, optimizing operation for minimum energy per batch, heat transfer surfaces and calculations, shaft seal considerations, mounting methods, mechanical design, and vendor evaluation. The accomplished author has created a practical and hands-on tool that discusses the subject of agitation systems from first principles all the way to implementation in the real world. Step-by-step processes are included throughout the book to assist engineers, chemists, and other scientists in the design, construction, installation, and maintenance of these systems. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to the design of gas-liquid fermenters and bioreactors An exploration of agitator fundamentals, impeller systems, optimum power, and air flow at peak mass transfer calculations A discussion of how to optimize operation for minimum energy per batch Step-by-step processes to assist engineers, chemists, and scientists An examination of heat transfer surfaces and calculations, shaft seal considerations, mounting methods, and mechanical design Perfect for chemical engineers, mechanical engineers, process engineers, chemists, and materials scientists, Agitator Design for Gas-Liquid Fermenters and Bioreactors will also earn a place in the libraries of pharmaceutical scientists seeking a one-stop resource for designing mechanically sound agitation systems.