The seven papers of this volume present a glimpse into current
research on soft tissue mechanics as well as some future
directions. The seven papers concern tissues within the
cardiovascular system: three focus on arteries, three on the heart,
and one on biaxial testing of planar tissues such as heart valves.
Given that cardiovascular disease continues to be the leading cause
of death in the developed world, the importance of such research is
clear.
There are notable common features of the seven papers. First,
most of the proposed constitutive relations are motivated directly
by data on the underlying microstructure, and especially the
orientations of a structurally important protein (collagen) that
forms as undulated cross-linked fibers. Another feature of most of
the papers is the consideration of the fact that both arteries and
the heart contain muscle and that there is a need to quantify the
so-called active (contractile) response in addition to the passive
(non-contractile) response. Such relations must not only be
structurally motivated, they must ultimately include the kinetics
of calcium transport in the muscle. Constitutive relations for
active behavior are discussed in the majority of the papers. The
growth and remodeling of cardiovascular tissues is another common
feature of the papers. Over the last twenty years, separate
advances in biochemistry, cell biology, genetic engineering, and
biomechanics have focused attention on the ubiquitous role of
growth and remodeling of tissues. This volume should be of interest
to cardiovascular researchers in particular, and to bioengineers
and biomechanics soft tissue researchers in general.
General
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