Traditionally heat and light are thought as energy sources to drive
a particular chemical reaction, but now ultrasound is a promising
energy source for this purpose. The collapse of a bubble generates
a wide range of high temperatures and pressures, and therefore, use
of ultrasound has a considerable potential in chemical and allied
sciences. Ultrasound-assisted reactions are green and economically
viable alternatives to conventional techniques. This new volume
presents a complete picture of ultrasound-assisted reactions and
technologies that can be used in organic synthesis, polymer
synthesis and degradation, nanomaterials, wastewater treatment,
food ingredients and products, pharmaceutical applications,
bioenergy applications, and more. This volume aims to shed light on
the diversified applications of ultrasound and its significant role
as a green chemical pathway. Sonochemistry deals with the effect of
ultrasonic waves on chemical systems. It has green value because of
non-hazardous acoustic radiation and is therefore duly recognized
as a green chemistry by synthetic chemists as well as
environmentalists. There is no direct interaction of ultrasound
with molecular species, but the observed chemical and physical
effects of ultrasound are due to the cavitational collapse, which
produces drastic conditions of temperature and pressure locally. It
induces the formation of various chemical species, which cannot be
easily attained under conventional conditions. Sometimes, these
species are responsible for driving towards an unusual reactivity
in molecular entities. This book, Sonochemistry: An Emerging Green
Technology, provides the complete development of sonochemistry,
starting with an introduction and basic concepts of sonochemistry
and proceeding on to different types of sonochemical reactions,
instrumentation, use of ultrasound in driving particular chemical
reactions, and its applications in various fields, such as polymer
synthesis, decontamination of water and wastewater, preparation of
nanomaterials, food technology, pharmaceutical sciences, etc. The
book also briefly discusses some areas that utilize ultrasounds of
different frequencies. These include food products and their
processing; anaerobic digestion of waste; and medical applications
such as ultrasonography, sonodynamic therapy, drug delivery, etc.
Sonochemistry will be successfully used on an industrial scale in
pharmaceutical drugs, polymers, nanomaterials, food technology,
material science, biogas production, etc. in years to come and will
be an established green chemical technology of the future.
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