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-Gal and Anti-Gal - 1,3-Galactosyltransferase, -Gal Epitopes, and the Natural Anti-Gal Antibody Subcellular Biochemistry (Hardcover, 1999 ed.)
Loot Price: R5,828
Discovery Miles 58 280
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-Gal and Anti-Gal - 1,3-Galactosyltransferase, -Gal Epitopes, and the Natural Anti-Gal Antibody Subcellular Biochemistry (Hardcover, 1999 ed.)
Series: Subcellular Biochemistry, 32
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
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This is an interdisciplinary book which for the first time
assembles the wide spectrum of information on the basic and
clinical aspects of the natural anti-Gal antibody, the alpha-gal
epitope and the enzyme producing it,
alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase. Anti-Gal is the most abundant
antibody in humans, apes and Old World monkeys (monkeys of Asia and
Africa). It binds specifically to the alpha-gal epitope
(Galalpha1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-R) on glycoproteins and glycolipids.
Humans, apes and Old World monkeys lack alpha-gal epitopes. In
contrast, the alpha-gal epitope is produced in large amounts on
cells of nonprimate mammals prosimians and New World monkeys
(monkeys of South America), by the glycosylation enzyme
alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase. This differential distribution of
the alpha-gal epitope and anti-Gal in mammals is the result of an
evolutionary selective process which led to the inactivation of
alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase in ancestral Old World primates. A
direct outcome of this event is the present rejection of xenografts
such as pig organs in humans and monkeys because of the binding of
human anti-Gal to alpha-gal epitopes on pig cells. The various
chapters in this book were contributed by researchers studying
basic and clinically related aspects of this area. The book aims to
provide comprehensive and updated information on this
antigen/antibody system, which at present is the major obstacle in
xenotransplantation, and on some of the genetic engineering
approaches developed for overcoming this obstacle. In addition,
this book describes the significance of anti-Gal and alpha-gal
epitopes in some parasitic, bacterial and viral infections, as well
as in the pathogenesis ofautoimmune diseases such as Graves'
disease. Finally, this book describes novel approaches for
exploiting the natural anti-Gal antibody for increasing
immunogenicity of cancer and viral vaccines in humans. This book is
edited and partly written by Dr. Uri Galili who originally
discovered anti-Gal and the unique evolution of
&agr;-1,3-galactosyltransferase, and by Dr. Jose-Luis Avila who
has been studying anti-Gal significance in Chagas' disease and in
Leishmania infections. This book covers the main areas of research
on &agr;-1,3galactosyltransferase, its product the
&agr;-gal epitope (Gal&agr;1-3Gal&bgr;1-4GlcNAc-R) and
the natural anti-Gal antibody that interacts with this epitope. The
book includes chapters on: The evolution of &agr;-1,3
galactosyltransferase in mammals; the structure of the
&agr;-1,3galactosyltransferase gene; the structure function
relationship of the &agr; 1,3galactosyltransferase enzyme; the
molecular characteristics of &agr;-gal epitopes on glycolipids
and glycoproteins and methods for its detection; the natural
anti-Gal antibody and its significance in xenotransplantation;
attempts to prevent xenograft rejection by elimination of
&agr;-1,3galactosyltransferase gene, and by modulating
&agr;-gal epitope expression and anti-Gal activity;
significance of anti-Gal and &agr;-gal epitopes in viral,
bacterial and protozoal infections; and the possible clinical
exploitation of anti-Gal for the enhancement of cancer and viral
vaccine immunogenicity.
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