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Heidegger and Nazism (Paperback)
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Heidegger and Nazism (Paperback)
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Originally published in a French translation in 1987, this
controversial work has received a tumultuous reception throughout
Europe and continues to be the object of intense debate. In this
first English edition, Victor Farias tracks the career of Martin
Heidegger - one of the most influential figures in
twentieth-century philosophy - and documents his intimate
involvement with Nazism for much of his professional life. Although
scholars have long known about Heidegger's early commitment to
National Socialism, it was generally thought that he became
disenchanted with Hitler well before the outbreak of World War II.
After more than a decade of solitary study in a variety of
archives, Farias presents a carefully constructed case in which he
reveals Heidegger's initial adherence to Hitler's Nazism and his
subsequent development of a more personal version of National
Socialism. Heidegger's devotion to those themes was always at the
center of his mature thought, appears to have preceded his election
as rector of the University of Freiburg, and was sustained to the
end of his life. Farias examines with great care and persistence
the charge that Heidegger, who died in 1976, was a life-long
anti-Semite. He notes that the philosopher praised Hitler to his
colleagues and refused, even after the war, to criticize Nazi
atrocities and genocide, or to recant his earlier Nazism. While
Heidegger previously had appeared at worst naive by his acceptance
of the Third Reich, Farias' evidence shows him to be the only major
philosopher who freely embraced Nazism - the undisputed example of
absolute evil in modern times. This damage to the official myth
about Heidegger's involvement raises questions about the
relationship between politics and philosophy, about the presumed
link between philosophy and virtue, and about what we may
understand by the betrayal of reason in our time. "Heidegger and
Nazism" transforms the setting in which Heidegger's standing will
henceforth be assessed. From his earliest intellectual and
emotional influences to the last posthumously published interview
with Der Spiegel, Heidegger's connection to National Socialism is
shown to be a matter of conviction rather than necessary compromise
as apologists still contend. Farias shows the reasonableness of
linking the ideology and the philosophy and suggests where to probe
to draw out detailed connections. The book forces us to ponder the
question of whether certain philosophical strategies and doctrines
- particularly associated with Heidegger's existential hermeneutics
and the effect of his themes on the development of deconstruction -
are not merely indefensible but peculiarly hospitable to the kind
of "principled" falsification that fascists require. Providing the
context for a close re-reading of Heidegger, this significant and
historic work challenges the philosophical community to assess the
full import of Heidegger's life on his influential conception of
philosophy and his resolution of particular philosophical problems.
Author note: Chilean scholar Victor Farias teaches in the Latin
American Institute at the Free University of Berlin. A one-time
student of Heidegger's, he holds a Doctorate in Philosophy. Joseph
Margolis is Laura Carnell Professor of Philosophy at Temple
University. Tom Rockmore is Professor of Philosophy at Duquesne
University.
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