There is a tacit assumption that interpretation comes naturally,
that human beings live by constantly interpreting. In this sense,
we might even rephrase Descartes by saying: We interpret, therefore
we are. While such a basic human disposition makes interpretation
appear to come naturally, the forms it takes, however, do not. In
this work, Iser offers a fresh approach by formulating an "anatomy
of interpretation" through which we can understand the act of
interpretation in its many different manifestations.
For Iser, there are several different genres of interpretation,
all of which are acts of translation designed to transpose
something into something else. Perhaps the most obvious example of
interpretation involves canonical texts, such as the Rabbinical
exegesis of the Torah or Samuel Johnson's reading of Shakespeare.
But what happens when the matter that one seeks to interpret
consists not of a text but of a welter of fragments, as in the
study of history, or when something is hidden, as in the practice
of psychoanalysis, or is as complex as a culture or system? Iser
details how, in each of these cases, the space that is opened up by
interpretation is negotiated in a different way, thus concluding
that interpretation always depends on what it seeks to
translate.
For students of philosophy, literary and critical theory,
anthropology, and cultural history, Iser's elucidation of the
mechanics by which we translate and understand, as well as his
assessment of the anthropological roots of our drive to make
meaning, will undoubtedly serve as a revelation.
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