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Books > Medicine > Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences > Physiology
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Cerebral Ischemia - Molecular and Cellular Pathophysiology (Hardcover, 1999 ed.)
Loot Price: R2,954
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Cerebral Ischemia - Molecular and Cellular Pathophysiology (Hardcover, 1999 ed.)
Series: Contemporary Neuroscience
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
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The human brain represents about 2% of the body weight, yet it
accounts for approximately 20% of aerobic metabolism. This high
dependency on energy-consuming processes is mainly caused by the
active transport of ions, which is necessary to compensate for the
transmembrane ion currents that are part ofthe complex signaling
processes in the brain. Ninety-five percent ofthe brain's ATP is
derived from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Since that
organ' s storage capacity for oxygen is minimal, any interruption
of oxygen delivery to brain cells willlead to changes in membrane
excitability and, there fore, to disruption of neuronal signaling
within seconds. It seems that mamma lian brain is especially
vulnerable to such an interruption, since oxygen deprivation leads
to activation of ion channel mechanisms in neurons that impair
their communications. Thus, the function of the brain as a
coordinator of vital homeostatic reflexes, and complex body
reactions to external challenges, depends critically on the rate of
oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption. Oxygen delivery depends on
two variables described in the Fick relation ship: volume flow rate
ofblood and the arterial oxygen content. A reduction in either of
these two variables will have serious effects on vital brain func
tions. Reduction of arterial blood flow to the brain can be caused
by cardiac arrest, shock, carotid occlusion, Of hypotension (global
ischemia). Oxygen content is progressively decreased in asphyxia
(including drowning)."
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