This timely publication offers a fresh scholarly assessment of political advertising across the EU, as well as an insight into differing political and regulatory systems related to political advertising in the individual member states. With a detailed focus on the images and communication styles that characterised the 2014 European Parliament election campaign, this edited collection evaluates political advertising across the EU using empirical data to compare and contrast styles and approaches in different members. This work allows the authors to offer an important evaluation of the similarities and differences in the posters and broadcasts used to win public support in the 2014 campaign at the time of the great European recession and financial crisis, specifically looking at the place of posters and video commercials. This book will appeal to researchers and students of political communication, political science, history, European studies as well as candidates and campaign workers who want a more comprehensive understanding of the representation of Europe in political adverts at the 2014 elections.

This Handbook is the first major work to comprehensively map state-of-the-art scholarship on electoral debates in comparative perspective. Leading scholars and practitioners from around the world introduce a core theoretical and conceptual framework to understand this phenomenon and point to promising directions for new research on the evolution of electoral debates and the practical considerations that different country-level experiences can offer. Three indicators to help analyze electoral debates inform this Handbook: the level of experience of each country in the realization of electoral debates; geopolitical characteristics linked to political influence; and democratic stability and electoral competitiveness. Chapters with examples from the Americas, Europe, Africa and the Middle East, Asia and Oceania add richness to the volume. Each chapter: Traces local historical, constitutive relationships between traditional forms of electoral debates and contexts of their emergence; Compares and critiques different perspectives regarding the function of debates on democracy; Probes, discusses and evaluates recent and emergent theoretical resources related to campaign debates in light of a particular local experience; Explores and assesses new or neglected local approaches to electoral debates in a changing media landscape where television is no longer the dominant form of political communication; Provides a prospective analysis regarding the future challengers for electoral debates. The Routledge International Handbook on Electoral Debates will set the agenda for scholarship on the political communication for years to come.

This Handbook is the first major work to comprehensively map state-of-the-art scholarship on electoral debates in comparative perspective. Leading scholars and practitioners from around the world introduce a core theoretical and conceptual framework to understand this phenomenon and point to promising directions for new research on the evolution of electoral debates and the practical considerations that different country-level experiences can offer. Three indicators to help analyze electoral debates inform this Handbook: the level of experience of each country in the realization of electoral debates; geopolitical characteristics linked to political influence; and democratic stability and electoral competitiveness. Chapters with examples from the Americas, Europe, Africa and the Middle East, Asia and Oceania add richness to the volume. Each chapter: Traces local historical, constitutive relationships between traditional forms of electoral debates and contexts of their emergence; Compares and critiques different perspectives regarding the function of debates on democracy; Probes, discusses and evaluates recent and emergent theoretical resources related to campaign debates in light of a particular local experience; Explores and assesses new or neglected local approaches to electoral debates in a changing media landscape where television is no longer the dominant form of political communication; Provides a prospective analysis regarding the future challengers for electoral debates. The Routledge International Handbook on Electoral Debates will set the agenda for scholarship on the political communication for years to come.

The SAGE Handbook of Political Advertising provides a comprehensive view of the role political advertising plays in democracies around the world. Editors Lynda Lee Kaid and Christina Holtz-Bacha, along with an international group of contributors, examine the differences as well as the similarities of political advertising in established and evolving democratic governments. Key Features: Offers an international perspective: This Handbook examines the political television advertising process that has evolved in democracies around the world, including countries in Asia, Europe, Australia, Africa, Latin America, and North America. In addition, a comparative overview addresses the effects of political advertising on the voters and the systems of which it is a part. Provides comprehensive coverage: For each country presented, an analysis is given of its political advertising history, its cultural implications, the political and regulatory systems related to political advertising, the effects of media system structures, and the effects of new technologies. Includes examples from recent elections: The role specific candidate- or party-controlled television plays in a specific region's electoral process is examined. Original research on recent elections confirms the expanding significance of this form of political communication. This is an excellent resource for media professionals and practicing journalists, as well as a welcome addition to any academic library. It can also be used as a textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses on Political Advertising in the fields of Political Science, Communication, Broadcasting, Journalism, and International Relations.

This Handbook provides the most comprehensive overview of the role of electoral advertising on television and new forms of advertising in countries from all parts of the world currently available. Thematic chapters address advertising effects, negative ads, the perspective of practitioners and gender role. Country chapters summarize research on issues including political and electoral systems; history of ads; the content of ads; reception and effects of ads; regulation of political advertising on television and the Internet; financing political advertising; and prospects for the future. The Handbook confirms that candidates spend the major part of their campaign budget on television advertising. The US enjoys a special situation with almost no restrictions on electoral advertising whereas other countries have regulation for the time, amount and sometimes even the content of electoral advertising or they do not allow television advertising at all. The role that television advertising plays in elections is dependent on the political, the electoral and the media context and can generally be regarded as a reflection of the political culture of a country. The Internet is relatively unregulated and is the channel of the future for political advertising in many countries

This Handbook provides the most comprehensive overview of the role of electoral advertising on television and new forms of advertising in countries from all parts of the world currently available. Thematic chapters address advertising effects, negative ads, the perspective of practitioners and gender role. Country chapters summarize research on issues including political and electoral systems; history of ads; the content of ads; reception and effects of ads; regulation of political advertising on television and the Internet; financing political advertising; and prospects for the future. The Handbook confirms that candidates spend the major part of their campaign budget on television advertising. The US enjoys a special situation with almost no restrictions on electoral advertising whereas other countries have regulation for the time, amount and sometimes even the content of electoral advertising or they do not allow television advertising at all. The role that television advertising plays in elections is dependent on the political, the electoral and the media context and can generally be regarded as a reflection of the political culture of a country. The Internet is relatively unregulated and is the channel of the future for political advertising in many countries

This timely publication offers a fresh scholarly assessment of political advertising across the EU, as well as an insight into differing political and regulatory systems related to political advertising in the individual member states. With a detailed focus on the images and communication styles that characterised the 2014 European Parliament election campaign, this edited collection evaluates political advertising across the EU using empirical data to compare and contrast styles and approaches in different members. This work allows the authors to offer an important evaluation of the similarities and differences in the posters and broadcasts used to win public support in the 2014 campaign at the time of the great European recession and financial crisis, specifically looking at the place of posters and video commercials. This book will appeal to researchers and students of political communication, political science, history, European studies as well as candidates and campaign workers who want a more comprehensive understanding of the representation of Europe in political adverts at the 2014 elections.

Twitter already has become an important electoral communication tool between candidates, parties and their specific constituencies. No serious candidate campaign ignores Twitter, while political party organizations utilize Twitter to communicate with partisans, reinforce supporters, and mobilize voters. Whereas much scholarship to date has focused primarily on Twitter's political usage in the United States, there still remain many questions about the political uses and effects of Twitter in a global context. Does Twitter affect how reporters interact with candidates or even with each other? Does Twitter increase voter participation? Who is tweeting about elections? Why do people use Twitter in electoral contexts? Which type of candidate is more likely to use Twitter and why? Do parties differ in their use of Twitter, and why? Does Twitter increase candidate-voter interaction? Is Twitter shaping elections in various system contexts, and if so how? What is the influence of system context on Twitter use by parties, candidates, reporters, and voters? Eloquently combining theory and practice, established and rising scholars in the field of political communication have been brought together to provide an essential overview of the influence of Twitter on elections in a comparative perspective. Readers of this book will not only learn everything there is to know about this specific influence of Twitter, but more broadly how to approach the study of various online tools in general.

Twitter already has become an important electoral communication tool between candidates, parties and their specific constituencies. No serious candidate campaign ignores Twitter, while political party organizations utilize Twitter to communicate with partisans, reinforce supporters, and mobilize voters. Whereas much scholarship to date has focused primarily on Twitter's political usage in the United States, there still remain many questions about the political uses and effects of Twitter in a global context. Does Twitter affect how reporters interact with candidates or even with each other? Does Twitter increase voter participation? Who is tweeting about elections? Why do people use Twitter in electoral contexts? Which type of candidate is more likely to use Twitter and why? Do parties differ in their use of Twitter, and why? Does Twitter increase candidate-voter interaction? Is Twitter shaping elections in various system contexts, and if so how? What is the influence of system context on Twitter use by parties, candidates, reporters, and voters? Eloquently combining theory and practice, established and rising scholars in the field of political communication have been brought together to provide an essential overview of the influence of Twitter on elections in a comparative perspective. Readers of this book will not only learn everything there is to know about this specific influence of Twitter, but more broadly how to approach the study of various online tools in general.

Die Beiträge dieses Bandes analysieren die verschiedenen traditionellen und neueren Mittel der Kampagnenkommunikation sowie die Berichterstattung der Medien im Bundestagswahlkampf 2021. In der Fortschreibung früherer Untersuchungen dokumentieren sie zudem langfristige Trends in der Zeitungs- und Fernsehberichterstattung über die Kampagne.

Has the communication of politics become professionalised? Who are the 'professionals' and what part do they play in the political process? Can the process of professionalisation be observed in different political systems? These, and related questions, about the changing nature of practices in political communication are explored in this book that looks at developments across a number of different countries. The different ways in which the idea of the professionalisation of political communication has been commonly used is explored and the authors develop a framework for understanding changing practices in political communication and in different contexts, for example, in respect of political campaigns and elections in general, and in respect of communication by governments. It is also focuses on these same themes in specific countries: Germany, France, Britain, Greece, the Netherlands, Hungary, Italy, Sweden.

Die Beitrage dieses Bandes analysieren die verschiedenen Mittel der Kampagnenkommunikation sowie die Berichterstattung der Medien im Bundestagswahlkampf 2017. Sie widmen sich den neuen Formen der Kampagnenorganisation und Stimmenwerbung, wie sie durch Internet und soziale Netzwerke moeglich geworden sind. In der Fortschreibung fruherer Untersuchungen dokumentieren sie zudem langfristige Trends in der Wahlwerbung sowie in der Zeitungs- und Fernsehberichterstattung uber die Kampagne.

Noch wahrend der Bundestagswahlkampf 2013 im Gange war, wurde er verschiedentlich als flau beurteilt. Die Kampagne liess Highlights und Innovationen vermissen. Die Forschung zur Wahlkampfkommunikation gewinnt daher ihren Wert vor allem in der Langzeitperspektive, die es moeglich macht zu prufen, ob die oftmals diagnostizierten Trends moderner Kampagnen wie Professionalisierung und Personalisierung zutreffen und ob Verschiebungen in der Rolle und der Bedeutung der klassischen Medien auf der einen und Internet sowie sozialen Netzwerken auf der anderen Seite eintreten. Die Beitrage dieses Bandes analysieren die verschiedenen Mittel der Kampagnenkommunikation, die Berichterstattung der Medien und untersuchen Wirkungsfragen.

Der Band versammelt zentrale Beitrage der letzten vierzehn Jahre der Zeitschrift PUBLIZISTIK. Vierteljahreshefte fur Kommunikationsforschung. Themen sind: Gesprache uber Medien unter veranderten mediale Bedingungen, Transmediale Nutzungsstil und Rezipientenpersoenlichkeit, Synergien zwischen Print-, TV und Online-Redaktionen, Qualitatserwartungen, Qualitatswahrnehmungen und die Nutzung von Fernsehserien, das Paradox der Medienwirkungsforschung, die Katharsis-Theorie, Struktur und Funktion von Propaganda, 20 Jahre Geschlechterinszenierung, Medieneinflusse auf die Politik, Qualitaserwartungen und ethischer Anspruch bei der Lekture von Blogs und Tageszeitungen, Medienpolitik zwischen Freiheit, Gleichheit und Sicherheit sowie eskapistische Mediennutzung und narkotische Dysfunktion.

Frauen sind jung, schon und schlank. Manner sind harte Jungs, die Tolpel in der Kuche oder sehen einfach nur gut aus. Die Klage daruber, dass die Werbung Frauen und Manner auf solche Stereotypen reduziert, ist ebenso alt wie die Befurchtungen, dass diese Stereotypen gesellschaftliche Auswirkungen haben. Gelten sie heute noch?
Dieses Buch zieht Bilanz nach rund 50 Jahren Forschung zu Werbung und Geschlechterstereotypen und legt neue Ergebnisse aus der Analyse von Werbung vor sowie daruber, wie Rezipientinnen und Rezipienten mit solcher Werbung umgehen.
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Die medienpolitischen Aktivitaten des Europarates orientieren sich an den Rechten und Freiheiten der Europaischen Menschenrechtskonvention. Sie weisen daher ein breiteres Spektrum wie auch eine andere Perspektive auf als die Medienpolitik der Europaischen Union, die aus einer Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft entstanden ist und Medien daher primar als Wirtschaftsunternehmen behandelt. Wegen der unterschiedlichen Verbindlichkeit ihrer Aktivitaten hat es der Europarat jedoch schwerer, Aufmerksamkeit fur seine Entscheidungen und Empfehlungen zu erlangen und steht eher im Schatten der EU. Dieses Buch verfolgt die Medienpolitik des Europarates, diskutiert ihre Wirksamkeit und die Chancen, damit neben der EU zu bestehen."

Der Band vereint 22 Beitrage von Kollegen und Freunden, Schulern und Weggefahrten Klaus Schoenbachs. Den 60. Geburtstag des international hoch angesehenen Kommunikationswissenschaftlers nehmen die Autoren zum Anlass, aktuelle Fragen der Medienwirkungs- und der Journalismusforschung aufzugreifen. Die Antworten, zu denen sie gelangen, dokumentieren in ihrer Vielfalt die Leistungsfahigkeit, Zeitnahe und gesellschaftliche Relevanz des Faches Kommunikationswissenschaft. Das Spektrum reicht von den Anforderungen an eine kunftige Journalistenausbildung bis zu Datenspuren im Internet als Herausforderung fur den Journalismus, vom Umgang der Medien mit Ungewissheit bis zur Messung von Meinungsmacht. Dass sich die Autoren dabei immer wieder auf die Impulse, die theoretische Pionierarbeit und die gedankliche Exzellenz Schoenbachs beziehen, kommt nicht von ungefahr: Wie kaum ein anderer hat der heute in Amsterdam lehrende Forscher dem Fach vor allem auf diesen beiden Gebieten Profil und Qualitat verliehen.

Lange wurde daruber geklagt, dass Politikerinnen in den Medien unzureichend Beachtung finden - und wenn uber sie berichtet wird, spielt ihr Ausseres eine grossere Rolle als ihre politische Arbeit. Mittlerweile sind Frauen in der Politik haufiger vertreten als noch vor einigen Jahren und sie befinden sich dort vermehrt auch auf Positionen, die als Mannerdomanen galten. Die Beitrage dieses Bandes gehen der Frage nach, ob sich der Umgang der Medien mit Politikerinnen geandert hat, wie heute uber Frauen in der Politik berichtet wird, ob es immer noch Grund zur Klage gibt und - wenn das so ist - woran das liegt."

"Medienpolitik fur Europa" verfolgt chronologisch und problemorientiert die Entwicklung der europaischen Medienpolitik und diskutiert die Aussichten auf die Entstehung einer europaischen Offentlichkeit.

Obwohl das Europaische Parlament das einzige EU-Organ mit unmittelbarer demokratischer Legitimation darstellt, ist es bis heute nicht gelungen, die Europawahl als ein wichtiges Ereignis im Bewusstsein der europaischen Wahlerschaft zu verankern. Europawahlen gelten nach wie vor als Second-order elections, und zwar nicht nur im Bewusstsein der Wahlerinnen und Wahler, sondern auch bei den politischen Akteuren und den Medien, und diese beeinflussen sich in dieser Hinsicht auch wechselseitig. Die sechste Direktwahl zum Europaischen Parlament im Jahr 2004 stand jedoch unter besonderen Vorzeichen, weil sie kurz nach dem Beitritt von zehn neuen Mitgliedstaaten stattfand. Dieses Buch versammelt Beitrage, die Befunde aus Untersuchungen zum Europawahlkampf in und mit den Medien prasentieren.

Dieses Buch nimmt die Weltmeisterschaft in Deutschland zum Anlass, die Beziehungen im Dreieck von Fussball - Fernsehen - Politik genauer zu beleuchten. Die Beitrage untersuchen u. a. den Fussball als Gegenstand medienpolitischer Kontroversen, die Rolle des Fussballs im Fernsehen und fur das Fernsehen, die Integrationsfunktion von internationalen Fussballwettbewerben, Fussballer als "Journalisten," den Einfluss von Erfolgen der Nationalelf auf die (politische) Stimmung der Wahlerschaft sowie Fussballer in der Rolle von Prominenten.
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Professioneller Wahlkampf bedeutet Medienwahlkampf. Die Medien spielen die Hauptrolle bei der Vermittlung von Politik an die Wahlerschaft. Um eine fur sie gunstige Darstellung der Politik sicher zu stellen, bemuhen sich die politischen Akteure um die Anpassung ihrer Wahlkampfbemuhungen an die Logik der Medien. Entsprechend ihrer Kritik- und Kontrollfunktion beschranken sich die Medien jedoch nicht auf die simple Weiterleitung dessen, was die Politik ihnen liefert, sondern werden selber zu Akteuren des Wahlkampfes.
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