This book examines the pre-service teacher education policy development of seven countries, including the USA, the UK, Japan, Canada, Singapore, Australia, and Russia. This book reviews the history of pre-service teacher education policies in those countries and discusses relative case studies on pre-service teacher training practices. It also identifies problems in current pre-service teacher education in those countries and proposes potential countermeasures to resolve those issues. This book serves as a useful reference for various stakeholders in the teacher education field.

This book provides an overview of radar waveform synthesis obtained as the result of computational optimization processes and covers the most challenging application fields. The book balances a practical point of view with a rigorous mathematical approach corroborated with a wealth of numerical study cases and some real experiments. Additionally, the book has a cross-disciplinary approach because it exploits cross-fertilization with the recent research and discoveries in optimization theory. The material of the book is organized into ten chapters, each one completed with a comprehensive list of references. The following topics are covered: recent advances of binary sequence designs and their applications; quadratic optimization for unimodular sequence synthesis and applications; a computational design of phase-only (possibly binary) sequences for radar systems; constrained radar code design for spectrally congested environments via quadratic optimization; robust transmit code and receive filter design for extended targets detection in clutter; optimizing radar transceiver for Doppler processing via non-convex programming; radar waveform design via the majorization-minimization framework; Lagrange programming neural network for radar waveform design; cognitive local ambiguity function shaping with spectral coexistence and experiments; and relative entropy based waveform design for MIMO radar. Targeted at an audience of radar engineers and researchers, this book provides thorough and up-to-date coverage of optimisation theory for radar waveform design.

This book provides a fresh and unique overview of the modernization and internationalization of Chinese higher education, focusing on Chinese higher education from 1949 to 2018. It presents the Ontological Positivism Model (Conceptualization-Explicit-Formal-Share), concentrating on concepts of Chinese higher education. The book is intended for scholars and researchers in the field of comparative higher education, administrators and stakeholders in education management and graduate students majoring in higher education.

This book provides a framework for investigating faculty development in the Chinese higher education system, and proposes a faculty development model, which is subsequently applied to assess the conceptual, practical and strategic dimensions of Chinese faculty development. The proposed framework is primarily based on reconstructing the higher education system. The book focuses on conceptualizing and pursuing faculty development. The intended readership includes researchers with an interest in, or whose work involves, research on faculty development and comparative higher education; administrators and stakeholders in Chinese higher education management; and graduate students majoring or minoring in comparative higher education.

This book offers an in-depth investigation of the globalization of higher education at Chinese universities and colleges. The proposed "Global Higher Education Shared Community" model reflects the globalization of higher education with Chinese characteristics in terms of its conceptual, practical and strategic dimensions. Generally speaking, the book mainly conceptualizes and constructs a model of the specific type of globalization currently taking place at Chinese universities and colleges. As such, it offers a valuable resource for scholars and researchers who are interested and work in research on globalization in higher education from a comparative perspective; for administrators and stakeholders in Chinese higher education management; and for graduate students who are majoring or minoring in comparative higher education.

This collection gives broad and up-to-date results in the research and development of materials characterization and processing. Coverage is well-rounded from minerals, metals, and materials characterization and developments in extraction to the fabrication and performance of materials. In addition, topics as varied as structural steels to electronic materials to plant-based composites are explored. The latest research presented in this wide area make this book both timely and relevant to the materials science field as a whole. The book explores scientific processes to characterize materials using modern technologies, and focuses on the interrelationships and interdependence among processing, structure, properties, and performance of materials. Topics covered include ferrous materials, non-ferrous materials, minerals, ceramics, clays, soft materials, method development, processing, corrosion, welding, solidification, composites, extraction, powders, nanomaterials, advanced materials, and several others.

This book presents in detail the theory, processes and equipment involved in cold rolling precision forming technologies, focusing on spline and thread shaft parts. The main topics discussed include the status quo of research on these technologies; the design and calculation of process parameters; the numerical simulation of cold rolling forming processes; and the equipment used. The mechanism of cold rolling forming is extremely complex, and research on the processes, theory and mechanical analysis of spline cold rolling forming has remained very limited to date. In practice, the forming processes and production methods used are mainly chosen on the basis of individual experience. As such, there is a marked lack of both systematic, theory-based guidelines, and of specialized books covering theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, experiments and equipment used in spline cold rolling forming processes. Illustrated using tables, 3D photographs and formula derivations, this book fills that gap in the literature.

Radar Signal Processing and Its Applications brings together in one place important contributions and up-to-date research results in this fast-moving area. In twelve selected chapters, it describes the latest advances in architectures, design methods, and applications of radar signal processing.

The contributors to this work were selected from the leading researchers and practitioners in the field.

This work, originally published as Volume 14, Numbers 1-3 of the journal, Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, will be valuable to anyone working or researching in the field of radar signal processing. It serves as an excellent reference, providing insight into some of the most challenging issues being examined today.

This book examines the childhood education policy development in China. It involves investigating the holistic landscape of China's childhood development from a policy perspective. It also offers a specific lens to examine the migrant childhood education policy in China, the left-behind childhood education policy in China, the ethnic childhood education policy development in China, the special childhood education policy in China, and the boarding schools' childhood education policy in China. The intended readers are scholars and researchers who are interested and work in research on China's childhood education reform/pre-K-12 in China. The administrators and stakeholders in Chinese education system and graduate students are majoring and minoring in the field of educational policy.

Characterization is an important and fundamental step in material research before and after processing. This bookfocuses on the characterization of minerals, metals, and materials as well as the application of characterization results on the processing of these materials. It is a highly authoritative collection of articles written by experts from around the world. The articles center on materials characterization, extraction, processing, corrosion, welding, solidification, and method development. In addition, articles focus on clays, ceramics, composites, ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals, minerals, electronic, magnetic, environmental, advanced and soft materials. This book will serve the dual purpose of furnishing a broad introduction of the field to novices while simultaneously serving to keep subject matter experts up-to-date.

Postponement strategy is one of the major supply chain management (SCM) pr- tices that has a discernible impact on rms' competitive advantage and organi- tional performance. Postponement is a mass customization strategy that captures the advantages of both mass production and mass customization. Recent research studies have identi ed four common postponement strategies, namely pull, logistics, form and price postponement. The former three postponement strategies are linked to production and manufacturing, while the last one is a pure pricing strategy. They aim at balancing the costs and bene ts of mass production and mass customization. Practical examples of postponement can be found in the high-tech industry, food industry and other industries that require high differentiation. However, empirical studies have found that postponement may not be an evident SCM practice compared to the other practices. In addition, postponement has both positive and negative impacts on a supply chain. The advantages include following the JIT principles, reducing end-product inventory, making forecasting easier and pooling risk. The high cost of designing and manufacturing generic components is the main drawback of postponement. Thus, the evaluation of postponement strategy is an important research issue and there have been many qualitative and quantitative models for analyzing postponement under different scenarios.

This book examines the idea of opening education to the outside world in China since post-COVID-19. It investigates the historical development of international education development in China and explores the internationalization of education system from various dimensions. It also discusses the history of studying abroad at public expense since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, as well as studying abroad at our own expense in China from the perspective of departmental coordination, Sino-foreign cooperation of running schools in China, Confucius Institutes' development in China, Luban Workshop Development in China, and running Chinese-foreign cooperation education in China. In addition, this book also offers specific suggestion to address various problems of international education development in China during post-COVID-19. This book will be particularly interest to scholars and researchers who are interested and work in research on China international education development.

This book contextually explores the rural education reform in China from a policy mapping perspective. It discusses a wide range of topics in the context of China's rural areas, including rural school layout adjustment, rural teacher development, rural students' all-round education development, vocational education in rural areas, and rural education informatization development. With the challenges outlined and recommendations provided, the chapters offer a holistic view on China's rural education reform. This book serves as a guide for scholars and researchers who are interested and work in research on China's rural education reform, administrators, and stakeholders in China's education system and graduate students who major or minor in the field of rural educational policy.

Risk management has become an essential issue in supply chain management, from the modeling of the decision maker's risk preference, and the studies on uncertain elements such as demand, supply, price, lead time, etc., to the consideration of more practical background including cash flow constraints, inventory financing and delayed cash payment. In this new volume, the authors provide a framework to study the interaction of various factors related to risk and their influence on supply chain management. The scope of areas covered includes operations management, decision analysis, and business administration. This book focuses on several key issues of risk management in supply chains. Specifically, an analysis framework is presented for studying the supplier selection problem and identifying the optimal sourcing strategy in a one-retailer two-suppliers supply chain with random yields. The optimal sourcing strategy of a retailer and the pricing strategies of two suppliers under an environment of supply disruption are investigated. Besides, the authors study the dynamic inventory control problems with cash flow constraints, financing decisions as well as delayed cash payment. In addition, originating from the annual international iron ore price negotiation, the authors model the bargaining process to deal with the risk of wholesale price in the game analysis context. Within the three perspectives of risk management in supply chains, the modeling of decision maker's risk preference has been extensively studied and many results have been obtained to guide the practice. However, the analysis on the other two kinds of topics is still in its infancy, and needs more efforts from academia. It is thus the ambition and innovation for this book to contribute on risk management in supply chains in the following ways: (1) characterizing the explicit sourcing strategy (i.e., single sourcing or dual sourcing) to deal with supply disruption risk; (2) introducing the concepts of financial risk measurement by incorporating cash flow constraints, inventory financing and delayed cash payment into inventory management models; and (3) providing insights for the iron ore price negotiation to help steel manufacturers handle the risk of price increase.

The collection focuses on the advancements of characterization of minerals, metals, and materials and the applications of characterization results on the processing of these materials. Advanced characterization methods, techniques, and new instruments are emphasized. Areas of interest include, but are not limited to: * Novel methods and techniques for characterizing materials across a spectrum of systems and processes. * Characterization of mechanical, thermal, electrical, optical, dielectric, magnetic, physical, and other properties of materials. * Characterization of structural, morphological, and topographical natures of materials at micro- and nano- scales. * Characterization of extraction and processing including process development and analysis. * Advances in instrument developments for microstructure analysis and performance evaluation of materials, such as computer tomography (CT), X-ray and neutron diffraction, electron microscopy (SEM, FIB, TEM), and spectroscopy (EDS, WDS, EBSD) techniques. * 2D and 3D modelling for materials characterization. The book explores scientific processes to characterize materials using modern technologies, and focuses on the interrelationships and interdependence among processing, structure, properties, and performance of materials.

The collection focuses on the advancements of characterization of minerals, metals, and materials and the applications of characterization results on the processing of these materials. Advanced characterization methods, techniques, and new instruments are emphasized. Areas of interest include, but are not limited to: * Novel methods and techniques for characterizing materials across a spectrum of systems and processes. * Characterization of mechanical, thermal, electrical, optical, dielectric, magnetic, physical, and other properties of materials. * Characterization of structural, morphological, and topographical natures of materials at micro- and nano- scales. * Characterization of extraction and processing including process development and analysis. * Advances in instrument developments for microstructure analysis and performance evaluation of materials, such as computer tomography (CT), X-ray and neutron diffraction, electron microscopy (SEM, FIB, TEM), and spectroscopy (EDS, WDS, EBSD) techniques. * 2D and 3D modelling for materials characterization.

This book provides key insights into conceptualizing and contextualizing the education policy discourse model from the perspective of the internationalization of education development in China. It discusses the education policy discourse of international education with Chinese characteristics. It comprehensively covers the internationalization of education development, including the macro-perspective on the internationalization of education development in China, the quest for internationalization at home post-COVID-19, international education development in China, and mapping study abroad policy development in China. This book also explores the strategies regarding advancing the internationalization of education development in China contextually and systematically. This is a highly informative and carefully presented book, providing academic insight for readers with an interest in international education policy in China.

This book explores how to shape a high-quality education system in contemporary China's education policy system. The high-quality education system includes several dimensions, such as teacher ethics, school-family cooperative system, teacher promotion, the balanced compulsory education system, the integrated rural and urban education, pre-schoolings, special education system, diversified high school system, vocational education, world-class universities, minority group education, private education, off-campus training, and online education system.

This book concentrates exploring the landscape of private education in contemporary China, including pre-schools, compulsory education, high schools, and higher education. Both the developmental opportunities, problems, and strategies in regard to shaping the promotion of China's private education are examined in this book. The intended readers are scholars and researchers who are interested and work in research of the private education in Chinese context.

This book investigates the endogenous forces in the relation of "One Belt and One Road" and educational development in China. The conceptual framework of analyzing the relations offers an in-depth understanding of the vocational education, higher education system, and basic education system, locally, nationally, and internationally. The current situations, problems, and strategies of addressing the relation of "One Belt and One Road" and educational development in China have been explored in this book.

This book examines how to create world-class, technology-oriented innovation in higher education in China. It also proposes a model in response to the demand for promoting scientific and technological advances and technological innovation in the Chinese higher education system. Moreover, the book explores key concepts, pathways, models, policies, practices, trends and implications, and offers insights into fostering innovation in higher education. Lastly, it discusses how public policy theories can be applied to promote university technology transfer in order to create world-class universities in today's China.

This book explores the education poverty alleviation policy in China from the perspectives of concept and practice. In this book, the authors also examine the major national education poverty alleviation policy to analyze the different periods and stages of education in China. This book also explores the development of China's education poverty alleviation policy from different scopes. It examines the various stages, features, problems and suggestions in Chinese poverty alleviation progress.The intended readers are scholars and researchers who are interested and work in research of the poverty alleviation education in Chinese context, and also the administrators and stakeholders in Chinese poverty alleviation education management and graduate students who majoring and minoring in the field of anti-poverty education.

This book explores the ideas and background of teacher education policy development in China and implications for the contemporary Chinese education system. In addition, it examines the key themes of teacher education policies since 1949, including investigating Teacher Exchange and Rotation Policy, Teacher Policy in the Perspective of China's Alleviation of Education Poverty, Balanced Allocation Policy of Teachers in Chinese Urban and Rural areas, and the implementation effect evaluation of the free/public normal university student policy in China. All these policies contribute to explore the dramatic development of teacher education policy development in contemporary China.

This book offers up to date insights into the exciting world of China's extensive economic activity through the pervasive and often secretive practice of transfer pricing. It begins with an explanation of transfer pricing itself and goes on to explore how intricately it can infiltrate the trading practices of the commercial lives of both foreign companies in China and Chinese companies expanding to other countries. A review of the main industries in China also considers their possible future uncertainties. China has joined other authorities in actively legislating and organizing a regime to implement its arm's length policy, as related in Part I of the book on concepts and controls. This is then followed by Part 2 which is devoted to a collection of cases showing the breadth and variability of companies actively seeking to maximise their profits, while Part 3 of the book gives a rare record of the order of priorities exercised by one hundred Chinese tax officers engaged in auditing company performance. The book ends with a summary of the future trends, and activities that regulatory authorities are likely to undertake.