Accountancy encompasses much more than is normally considered, especially from a social responsibility point of view. This book brings fresh ideas and an innovative approach to accountancy theory and practice as well as critical views about professional thinking in accountancy. The reader will find advanced approaches regarding usiness objectives with social responsibility principles. A new role of accountancy is founded for a sustainable society. The responsibility of individuals is emphasized through behavioural analysis. The book has an interdisciplinary character and will be interesting for students, doctoral students, academics and practitioners as well. The real thread of the book is the risk and responses to the feelings of risk in organizations and also of individuals. On this basis a new role and a new structure of accountancy is offered.

This book investigates the going-concern principle in the non-financial disclosure by companies in the international scenario proposing concepts and challenges to come. Following the main accounting literature, requirements and regulations, this book proposes the current state of the art in the non-financial disclosure, collecting main mandatory and voluntary frameworks and standards (e.g. European Directive 2014/95/UE on non-financial information, Global Reporting Initiative, International Integrated Reporting Council, Sustainability Accounting Standards Board, Climate Disclosure Standard Board, Carbon Disclosure Project, AA1000). This is a useful proposition for the investigation of the presence versus absence of the going concern in the sustainability and non-financial reports and disclosure by companies. Through a qualitative methodology, this book is intended to show the incidence of the going-concern in the non-financial disclosure and to what content and meaning it is refereed. Several issues and characteristics of information provided to stakeholders are drafted.

This book examines current topics and trends in strategic auditing, accounting and finance in digital transformation both from a theoretical and practical perspective. It covers areas such as internal control, corporate governance, enterprise risk management, sustainability and competition. The contributors of this volume emphasize how strategic approaches in this area help companies in achieving targets. The contributions illustrate how by providing good governance, reliable financial reporting, and accountability, businesses can win a competitive advantage. It further discusses how new technological developments like artificial intelligence (AI), cybersystems, network technologies, financial mobility and smart applications, will shape the future of accounting and auditing for firms.

This book presents the most current trends in the field of finance and accounting from an international perspective. Featuring contributions presented at the 17th Annual Conference on Finance and Accounting at the University of Economics in Prague, this title provides a mix of research methods used to uncover the hidden consequences of accounting convergence in the private (IFRS) and public sectors (IPSAS). Topics covered include international taxation (from both the micro- and macroeconomic level), international investment, monetary economics, risk management, management accounting, auditing, investment capital, corporate finance and banking, among others. The global business environment shapes the international financial flows of finance and the demand for international harmonization of accounting. As such, the field of global finance and accounting has encountered some new challenges. For example, policy-makers and regulators are forced to restructure their tools to tackle with new features of trading at global capital markets and international investment. This book complements this global view of development with country-specific studies, focusing on emerging and transitioning economies, which are affected indirectly and in unforeseen ways. The combination of global perspective and local specifics makes this volume attractive and useful to academics, researchers, regulators and policy-makers in the field of finance and accounting.

"Advances in International Accounting" is a referred, academic research annual, that is devoted to publishing articles about advancements in the development of accounting and its related disciplines from an international perspective. This serial examines how these developments affect the financial reporting and disclosure practices, taxation, management accounting practices, and auditing of multinational corporations, as well as their effect on the education of professional accountants worldwide. "Advances in International Accounting" welcomes traditional and alternative approaches, including theoretical research, empirical research, applied research, and cross-cultural studies.

Established as a standard in the field, this revised edition contains expanded coverage of forecasting, joint ventures, REITS and other securitization transactions as well as the latest accounting regulations and developments. Features complete coverage of accounting for costs in real estate sales and investments, financial reporting and analysis.

Although mathematicians have known about complex numbers as solutions to equations since the seventeenth century, the numbers had few applications until the twentieth century. Today, their applications include mobile phones, satellite navigation, imaging techniques (MRI, PET), and circuit design in computers. Until recently, however, there were few applications of complex numbers to finance. This situation has changed.Multiple Interest Rate Analysis is the study of all interest rates solving the time value of money equation - not only the orthodox rates of conventional economics, but also the unorthodox rates that are complex-valued. The unorthodox rates are employed to convert conventional financial equations containing a single interest rate into 'dual' expressions containing every rate. These dual expressions solve long-standing puzzles and lead to revised conclusions about best practice and sound policy advice in various areas of financial economics, including loan finance, investment appraisal, bond risk management, and capital theory.

Part of a series which aims to present work across a broad spectrum of regulation issues, with papers covering a wide range of topics. The volumes review essays of recent books, offering insights into regulation and its processes. A glossary related to securities, law and accounting is included.

This is a refereed, academic research annual, devoted to publishing articles about advancements in the development of accounting and its related disciplines from an international perspective. This serial examines how these developments affect the financial reporting and disclosure practices, taxation, management accounting practices, and auditing of multinational corporations, as well as their effect on the education of professional accountants worldwide.

With economic winter facing many healthcare and health education budgets, the high costs of medical education are bringing it under close scrutiny. However, the costs of not providing high quality medical education - not least human costs in morbidity and mortality from medical error - are also high, presenting medical educators, funding managers, policy makers and economists with an unenviable dilemma. To add to their difficulties, remarkably little has been written on cost effectiveness in medical education, including how to calculate costs, how to get maximal value for money and even what constitutes value for money. In this book, the first of its kind, world leading experts comprehensively outline what is known about cost effectiveness in each of their fields. Undergraduate, postgraduate and continuing professional education are all explored, as are e-learning, simulation, cost benefit analysis and numerous other areas. Lecturers and researchers in medical education, clinical tutors and educational supervisors and appraisers, managers responsible for funding medical education and health economists and health policy makers and shapers will find this an invaluable resource. 'An excellent analysis and explanation of an under-explored subject' - from the Foreword by Sir Liam Donaldson

Activity-based costing emerged as an important accounting concept in the mid-1980s in response to global competition. There is an urgent need to place it in perspective, so that both production and marketing managers know its advantages and its limitations. This book describes and explains where activity-based concepts fit in the cost and management accounting body of knowledge. It first shows the traditional framework of cost concepts, terminology, and techniques in order to demonstrate how the activity-based methods can bring about constructive changes in financial control systems. The major feature of the book is the three ABC models for manufacturing processes, marketing functions, and service industries. These models are based on the Institute of Management Accounting (IMA)-sponsored case studies of corporate divisions or branches that have already implemented ABC systems. The study was directed by Harvard professors, Cooper and Kaplan, and KPMG Peat Marwick. The book also includes illustrations of the most important cost analysis and control techniques that every successful operating manager must know.

This book focuses on aspects of Industrial Mathematics (Networks; Complex Systems and Behavioral Game Theory) and Theoretical Computer Science (Behavioral Game Theory and Applied Math). Its major contribution is that it introduces new models and "informal" algorithms that solve social-choice problems (using behavioral Game Theory), it introduces new mathematical proofs, and it introduces new algorithms that prove that the Myerson-Satterthwaite Impossibility Theorem is wrong or inapplicable. The Myerson-Satterthwaite Impossibility Theorem has been a major foundation theorem in various branches of Computer Science and Applied Math. The book analyzes Industrial Organization, Mechanism Design, Political Economy and Complex Systems issues in the global accounting/consulting industry, the "Quasi-franchising industry" and the global Credit Rating Agency (CRA) industry which are currently some of the most international of all services industries, and have or can have substantial effects on international trade and international capital flows. During 2000-2019, the services sector in general expanded in many countries and especially in emerging markets countries - and that is having substantial effects on the evolution of national economies. The objectives and achievements of this book are multifaceted. It explains the macroeconomic, behavioral operations research and political economy issues that affect and the evolution of accounting/auditing firms, CRAs, management consulting firms and environmental auditing firms. It also analyzes the types of intra-company decisions and group dynamics and auditor-decisions that can have significant effects on innovation and competition within the accounting/consulting industry and (on clients' industries) and on overall economic growth in nations. Furthermore, it analyzes structural changes and antitrust problems in the global accounting/consulting industry and the CRA industry and explains how these antitrust problems and structural changes have worsened climate change and corporate compliance with environmental regulations. Among these topics the author also talks about issues that affect audit contract, contracting between CRAs and issuers, and industry structure and evolution by critiquing various existing CRA business models and introducing new business models for the future.

Although the accounting standards regime has been tightened significantly in the 1990s, there are still a plethora of devices which can be used by businesses to show their performance in a better light. This book shows the potential for new schemes to evade the tougher rules. Illustrated with examples of corporate creativity, it demonstrates that despite the new regime, creative accounting is still possible. Ian Griffiths is the author of Creative Accounting.

Over the past two decades, there has been a paradigm shift in public administration and public sector accounting around the world, with increasing emphasis on good governance and accountability processes for government entities. This is all driven both by economic rationalism, and by changing expectations of what governments can and should do. An important aspect of this accountability and governance process is the establishment and effective functioning of a Public Accounts Committee (PAC), a key component of democratic accountability. With contributions from renowned scholars and practitioners, and using case studies from around the world, this research-based collection examines the rationales for current roles of the PACs and explores the links between PACs and National Audit Offices. It also compares PAC practices from developing and developed countries such as Africa, Asia, Pacific islands, and Europe with both Westminster and non-Westminster models of government. This will be valuable reading for academics, researchers, and advanced students in public management, public accounting and public sector governance.

This volume contains papers presented at the 1996 Center for International Education and Research in Accounting Conference. The theme of transitional and developing economies struggling with the introduction and implementation of international accounting standards is evident throughout the papers. While current events often seem to outstrip our ability to keep up, these papers provide insights into current events in the adoption and application of the international accounting standards.

To make effective - and ultimately profitable - business decisions, executives and managers must be able to evaluate internal and external financial information. Accounting for Effective Decision Making is written in a style that cuts through the technical language and gets to the substance and implications of the most important financial and nonfinancial information. This useful guide to corporate financial and cost reporting for managers and executives at every level will enable them to anticipate and improve the effects of their decisions on the profitability of the enterprise and its business units.

Belkaoui offers a thorough examination of the various factors that affect the judgment/decision process in an accounting setting. As the author notes at the outset, an appreciation of the various influences on accounting decisionmaking is of critical importance to users, preparers, and verifiers of accounting information--particularly in an era of multinational corporations and global markets. In order to explain the judgment process in accounting, Belkaoui proposes a new theoretical model which assumes both that a cognitive process guides judgments and decisionmaking in accounting and that the schemata underlying this process are shaped by the crucial factors of national culture, language, organizational culture, and contractual agreements. The author examines each of these influences in turn, offering a comprehensive guide to the practitioner and researcher seeking empirical hypotheses to explain the judgment process in the international accounting arena.

The bulk of the volume is devoted to an in-depth examination of each of the five relativisms which affect the accounting judgment/decision process--cognitive, cultural, linguistic, organizational, and contractual. In each chapter, the author explores the theory and findings underlying these relativisms in the social sciences and their contribution to explaining the judgment/decision process in accounting. The final chapter synthesizes the preceding material and develops an international accounting theory based upon the judgment/decision model. Throughout, Belkaoui focuses on the complexity and richness of the judgment/decision process, cautioning that the evaluation of any accounting information must take into account the various critical influences on this process.

Corporations must decide how much to invest in the natural capital (e.g., air, water, land, and forests) that they depend upon for their economic survival. How do they project the costs of essential investments under conditions of scientific and legislative uncertainty? An innovative roadmap is laid out with the help of a case study based on the actual experiences of a forestry company that made such an attempt. Everyone interested in developing a long-range environmental strategy will find this book instructive: senior corporate management, accountants, internal auditors, academics, students, and environmentalists. Based on the author's research for the United Nations, a new methodology is advanced to compute fuller costs. In addition to practical guidance on the theory and practice of calculating these costs, the author illustrates alternatives to traditional capital budgeting models. A whole range of concepts and applications are offered on natural capital; intergenerational equity; waste minimization; asset depletion rates; application of risk-management principles to costing natural capital; off-balance sheet natural assets; modern definition of profit for natural and business capital. Pioneering reporting methods for returns on investment and product costs are recommended in the concluding chapters.

If you're preparing for The American Institute of Professional Bookkeepers' (AIPB) bookkeeping certification test, you need an easy- to-follow test-preparation guide that gets you up to speed quickly in all of the bookkeeping basics, from setting up a company's books and recording transactions to managing employee payroll, handling government paperwork, and closing out the books. You need "Bookkeeping Workbook For Dummies."

With demonstration problems, complementary examples, and multiple-choice questions you'll find in this user-friendly primer, you'll sharpen your bookkeeping skills for the real world as you increase your ability to perform well on any test. Chapter quizzes let check your progress as you go, and step-by-step answers show you where you went wrong (or right) each problem. You'll feel your confidence --and competence--growing as you learn how to: Perform a wide variety of financial transactionsUse key concepts and skills with real-world bookkeeping problemsDesign a bookkeeping systemTrack day-to-day business operationsKeep journals for active accountsUse blank working papers and spread sheetsHandle cash entries and develop internal controlsCalculate and pay employee withholding taxesDepreciate assetsProve out your books at year's endPrepare tax returns as set up for a new year

Complete with Top Ten lists for managing cash, monitoring accounts, and finding additional helpful resources, "Bookkeeping Workbook For Dummies" is the test-prep guide you need to help you ace the certification test and speed your way into a successful and rewarding career.

With limited exceptions, present accounting rules do not address software accounting, and state and federal rules of taxing software remain ambiguous. Up-to-date, comprehensive, and written by the leading authority in this field, "Accounting and Tax Aspects of Computer Software Manufacturing" explains these rules for anyone involved with the tax or accounting aspects of software, including accountants, attorneys, and corporate executives.