Shooting Up: A Short History of Drugs and War examines how intoxicants have been put to the service of states, empires and their armies throughout history. Since the beginning of organized combat, armed forces have prescribed drugs to their members for two general purposes: to enhance performance during combat and to counter the trauma of killing and witnessing violence after it is over. Stimulants (e.g. alcohol, cocaine, and amphetamines) have been used to temporarily create better soldiers by that improving stamina, overcoming sleeplessness, eliminating fatigue, and increasing fighting spirit. Downers (e.g. alcohol, opiates, morphine, heroin, marijuana, barbiturates) have also been useful in dealing with the soldier's greatest enemy - shattered nerves. Kamienski's focuses on drugs "prescribed" by military authorities, but also documents the widespread unauthorised consumption by soldiers themselves. Combatants have always treated with various drugs and alcohol, mainly for recreational use and as a reward to themselves for enduring the constant tension of preparing for. Although not officially approved, such "self-medication" is often been quietly tolerated by commanders in so far as it did not affect combat effectiveness. This volume spans the history of combat from the use of opium, coca, and mushrooms in pre-modern warfare to the efforts of modern militaries, during the Cold War in particular, to design psychochemical offensive weapons that can be used to incapacitate rather than to kill the enemy. Along the way, Kamienski provides fascinating coverage of on the European adoption of hashish during Napolean's invasion of Egypt, opium use during the American Civil War, amphetamines in the Third Reich, and the use of narcotics to control child soldiers in the rebel militias of contemporary Africa.

Anger and Rage Addiction & the Self-Pact: New Lights on an Old Nemesis presents a close look at the dynamics of anger and rage, as viewed through the lens of Addiction Theory-drawing on discriminating, diagnostic criteria derived directly from the world of alcoholism and drug addiction. The insights and, more importantly, the ramifications for treatment of Anger and Rage Addiction that result, are profound. They depart decisively from hackneyed, and insufficient, "mitigation, modification and management" strategies that have long been in vogue as the standard approach for treatment of anger and rage "disorders." Moving beyond such rationally based interventions, a new approach, called the Self-Pact, draws completely on the Addiction model to establish its foundation and efficacy. The Self-Pact is presented in detail. The Self-Pact holds considerable promise in both curtailing the mayhem that untreated Anger and Rage Addiction looses on the outer world, and emboldening those afflicted with Anger and Rage Addiction to embark on their own odyssey, replete with discoveries, adventures, reconciliation with self and others, and personal encounters with "whole" states of being.

Concurrent Treatment of PTSD and Substance Use Disorders Using Prolonged Exposure (COPE) is a cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy program designed for patients who have posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and a co-occurring alcohol or drug use disorder. COPE represents an integration of two evidence-based treatments: Prolonged Exposure (PE) therapy for PTSD and Relapse Prevention for substance use disorders. COPE is an integrated treatment, meaning that both the PTSD and substance use disorder are addressed concurrently in therapy by the same clinician, and patients can experience substantial reductions in both PTSD symptoms and substance use severity. Patients use the COPE Patient Workbook while their clinician uses the Therapist Guide to deliver treatment. The program is comprised of 12 individual, 60 to 90 minute therapy sessions. The program includes several components: information about how PTSD symptoms and substance use interact with one another; information about the most common reactions to trauma; techniques to help the patient manage cravings and thoughts about using alcohol or drugs; coping skills to help the patient prevent relapse to substances; a breathing retraining relaxation exercise; and in vivo (real life) and imaginal exposures to target the patient's PTSD symptoms.

Men in America today may have advantages that women lack. However, in spite of these advantages, men die at a younger age on average than women; men are also more likely than women to have a substance use disorder, to be incarcerated, to be homeless as adults, to die of suicide, and to be victims of violent crime. Conversely, men are less likely than women to seek medical help or behavioural health counselling for any of the problems they face. These significant problems, combined with men's tendency to avoid addressing them, call for a response from behavioural health treatment providers. This book provides an overview of the diverse problems that men with substance use disorders face and serves as both an introduction to the topic and a summary of what is known regarding the subject to date.

Substance abuse treatment in the U.S. is not a smooth continuum of services available to all those who seek them. This speaks to the importance of this comprehensive guide, which evaluates and summarizes all available substance abuse treatment settings and approaches, including in-patient, outpatient, 12-step programs, and more. It looks at the simplest of treatments (brief interventions) to the most intensive and expensive types of inpatient treatment programs. This text provides a clear and succinct review of different types of treatment, addresses controversies over "best practices," and examines their effectiveness with a variety of populations. It also closely examines research findings and their applicability for improving substance abuse treatment in the future.

Key Features: A comprehensive and practical guide to the field of substance abuse treatment Offers an overview of national, state, and local prevention efforts Includes chapters on substance abuse treatment with special populations including children/adolescents, women, the elderly, and criminal offenders Translates complex research findings into an easily understandable format

Menthol is widely used in consumer and medicinal products and has long been used in cigarettes, often as a flavour-characterising additive. In medical products, menthol is regulated as a drug with restrictions on allowable doses and use. There are no product standards for menthol when used in cigarettes. In this report, The FDA has undertaken a thorough review of the available science concerning menthol cigarettes. To accomplish this task, FDA weighed the collective body of evidence for the impact of the use of menthol in cigarettes on public health. In reviewing the science of menthol smoking, FDA divided the scientific evidence into the following broad categories: smoke chemistry and non-clinical toxicology; physiology; biomarkers; patterns of use; marketing and consumer perception of risk; initiation and progression to regular use; dependence; cessation and disease risk.

Have you ever wondered what really happens in rehab

Is Codependency Different for Men?

Codependency & Men was written out of curiosity. "Is Codependency experienced differently by men?" "What role does gender play in the way Codependency 'looks' for men?" "Should Codependency treatment be different for men?"

I have treated Codependent men for over two decades. The men in my practice have difficulty resonating with the term "codependency," frequently as a result of the largely female-oriented terminology used to describe it. This led me to wonder if gender role created a resistance to recognition of their condition.

In addition to the early attachment issues that set up relationship challenges, there is the powerful impact of chronic stress on the adrenal system. Again, gender role and gender role stress play a role in a man's self-care and self-abandonment patterns. Detachment from his physical and emotional self can cost him his health and ultimately his life.

Codependency & Men utilizes stories, self-evaluation tools and practical strategies to interrupt and heal patterns that have derailed many men's relationships and recovery attempts for years. Here, at last, is a comprehensive understanding of Codependency specifically for men.

About the Author:

Mary Crocker Cook, D.Min., LMFT, LAADC, CADCII has over 20 years experience providing counseling to addicts and their families through Connections Counseling Associates in San Jose, CA. She is the developer and coordinator of the San Jose City College Alcohol and Drug Studies program and is an adjunct Instructor with JFK University.

Mary is the author of Awakening Hope. A Developmental, Behavioral, Biological Approach to Codependency Treatment and Afraid to Let Go. For Parents of Adult Addicts and Alcoholics.