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Books > Academic & Education > Professional & Technical > Agronomy & Agriculture
This dictionary contains approximately 60,000 entries, constituting the most extensive listing of Russian, English and Latin names of plants, trees, shrubs, fungi, and lichens. It also includes a large number of botanical and biological terms frequently occurring in Russian botanical literature.
Recognizing the increased interest in forest management world wide, this book addresses the current knowledge gap by defining sustainable forest management, clarifying methods by which ecological knowledge can be applied and how traditional silvicultural methods can be improved.
Rather than simply cataloging the various interpretations of European regulations by Member States, this international team examines the economic priorities, the legal bases, the social norms and cultural patterns which come into play, presenting an analytical approach to the study of production rights in European agriculture.
Plant biotechnology offers important opportunities for agriculture,
horticulture, and the pharmaceutical and food industry by
generating transgenic varieties with altered properties. This is
likely to change farming practice and reduce the potential negative
impact of plant production on the environment. This volume shows
the worldwide advances and potential benefits of plant genetic
engineering focusing on the third millennium.
"Brassica" crop species and their allies ("Raphanus, Sinapis,
Eruca, " etc.) are important sources of edible roots, stems,
leaves, buds and inflorescences, as well as of edible or industrial
oils, condiments and forage. Many well known names of plants or
plant products, such as kale, cabbage, brocolli, cauliflower,
Brussels sprouts, kohl-rabi, Chinese cabbage, turnip, rape,
rutabaga, swede, colza or rapeseed, canola, mustard, rocket, etc.
are directly associated to this botanical group.
Bamboos constitute one of a few select categories of plants which are taxonomically related, very rich in species and of vital economic and ecological importance. Since the early 20th century the accepted number of species of bamboos, world wide, has tripled. However, until now information was scattered through numerous, often not easily available publications. "The Bamboos of the World," is the first comprehensive (taxonomic as well as horticultural) reference work that provides basic information on bamboos world wide, whether they are wild or cultivated, well-known or rather unknown. The work, based on bamboo literature, facilitates access to further data by citation and a comprehensive bibliography. Among the main data included are botanical names with synonyms, and geographical distribution of genera and species, varieties with their distinctive characters, common bamboo names, plant introductions to the West, plant size and uses. The distribution of genera is mapped. "The Bamboos of the World" presents a wealth of essential
information in an accessible and structured manner. It gives the
opportunity to check under what names, and where, relevant
information on any bamboo can be found. For the researcher with
management and development interests it provides a convenient means
of basing bamboo resource on a sound understanding of generic and
species relationships, with names that appear in earlier literature
put into context. The work should prove to be invaluable for those
interested in the morphology, taxonomy, distribution and
cultivation of bamboos. It should support botanical, forestry,
horticultural and ecological research, training and resource
management.
This work is an interdisciplinary, cross-cultural, widely-calibrated checklist for EU sustainable landscape management, which is intended to serve both as an analytical tool of reference as well as a design tool for local, regional and European policy making on sustainable developments. The tool has been developed out of a multidisciplinary study in EU countries which was designed to find out what would be the overall requirements for a sustainable management of the landscape of rural areas. Could these stipulations be brought together in a comprehensive system with sufficient consistency to comply with the notion that the landscape is an entity, which should be managed accordingly? Cooperation of the scientific experts with those involved in the practical side, and alternating plenary reporting with subgroup visits to farms in the rural landscapes of the participants' countries, allowed for the development of some truly interdisciplinary teamwork. Organic agriculture has been included to find out how organic agriculture contributes to the rural landscape.
This volume is a comprehensive treatment of how the principles of
ecology and conservation biology can be used to maximize biological
control. Conservation Biological Control presents various means to
modify or manipulate the environment to enhance the activities of
natural enemies of pests. It establishes a conceptual link between
ecology and the agricultural use of agents for biological control,
and discusses both theoretical issues as well as practical
management concerns. Certain to be interesting to ecologists and
entomologists, this volume will also appeal to scientists, faculty,
researchers and students interested in pest management,
horticulture, plant sciences, and agriculture.
During the 4th ESA-Congress, held in the Netherlands, 7-11 July 1996, a new perspective for agronomy emerged. Various contributions demonstrate the need for a new role of agronomy and its tools. In recent decades, agriculture has evolved from an activity with mainly productivity aims, into an issue conciliating environmental, agricultural, and economic and social objectives. Placing agriculture in such a broadened perspective requires a different agronomy, with new tools and approaches at a range of aggregration levels. It calls for detailed knowledge concerning the functioning, productivity and ecological relationships of agricultural plants and crops. In addition, it calls for a constant update and synthesis of existing and newly generated knowledge, the design of new ideotypes and genotypes, new production technologies, cropping systems, farming systems and agro-ecological land use systems. This proceedings book presents a set of case studies illustrating the various agronomic tools that can be used for specific agronomic questions. The case studies are grouped in sections illustrating relevant subquestions in developing an agriculture with broadened objectives. The book starts with an introductory paper on the role of agronomy in research and education in Europe. The second section deals with agricultural land use, food security and environment. This is followed by a set of papers describing experimental research and modeling approaches used to design new ideotypes of crops, including physiological properties in relation to growth factors such as radiation, CO2, temperature and water. Sustained soil fertility directly links to nutrient cycling and soil organic matter. A selected set of papers addresses the improvements in resource use efficiency and as such their contribution towards economic, environmental and agricultural objectives. The final section addresses the design of integrated and ecological arable farming systems. It highlights the role of prototyping interaction with leading-edge farmers, as promising tools to design, implement and test new farming systems. It is hoped that the activities of the European Society for Agronomy and the "Proceedings" of its 4th Congress will stimulate to serve the new perspectives of agronomy, i.e. to adopt ecological principles, to optimally manage the use of resources and to meet social and economic objectives.
Vertisols, one of the eleven established soil orders, are clay soils with unusual and interesting properties. They cover more than 350 million hectares of land in the world and in tropical Africa alone there are over 100 million hectares. Because of their very small particle size and high surface area, these soils have higher physical and chemical reactivity than other soils. Their interaction with agrochemicals/industrial wastes, has been, increasingly, the subject of research especially in the last two decades. Vertisols create special problems when used for engineering purposes. This book is intended to provide comprehensive and state-of-the-art information about Vertisols worldwide. Special attention is given to the use and management of soils such as fertilizer use, crop selection, soil tillage, water restriction on land including irrigation, and soil erosion. A special chapter has been added to deal with geotechnical engineering of Vertisols. Vertisols have great potential for agricultural production but many, especially in the developing world, are underutilized due to a lack of understanding regarding their behaviour and management. This book is written by leading scientists worldwide. It is expected that this monograph will be of great use to soil scientists and agronomists, graduate and senior graduate students. Improvement of their management may solve the current food deficiency in the world.
This 33-chapter volume presents a critical examination of the
importance of stable isotopes in understanding key plant metabolic
processes.
During the last few years, many journal articles have shown the usefulness of the Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) model for analyzing regional yield trials. AMMI helps agronomists and breeders in several ways: to understand or model complex data sets, especially the interactions; to estimate yields more accurately, even with less data; to make better selections; and to design more efficient yield-trial experiments. This book is the first systematic treatment of these topics, collecting concepts from the scattered literature and also presenting many new results. Although agricultural applications are emphasized here, AMMI is applicable to two-way data tables containing one kind of data, either replicated or not, so AMMI appears in many areas of science and technology. The volume's first seven chapters review the agricultural and statistical principles and the final chapter indicates the difference that AMMI can make for agricultural research and world food supplies. This book will be of great value to agricultural scientists throughout the world, enabling them to learn more from their data and thereby make greater progress.
The benefits of agriculture's Green Revolution, characterized by high energy input, mechanization, fertilizers, pesticides and irrigation, are not available to millions in the developing world. The possible alternatives employing low energy input, smallness of scale, intensive use of labour and long term sustainability are the subject of this book.;The book includes overviews of current agricultural production systems and alternatives; demographics, mortality and population growth; soils, erosion and water availability; sustainable integrated agroforestry systems and behavioural adaptations.;It also explains why a quality environment is essential for future agricultural and economic development, proves that integrated resource management leads to sustainable and productive agriculture for development, shows that certain agroforestry techniques conserve soil, water, energy and biological resources while increasing food and fuel supplies and addresses the need for interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research and training to implement sound resource management policies and programmes.
This book presents a whole-plant perspective on plant integrated
responses to multiple stresses, including an analysis of how plants
have evolved growth forms and phenological responses to cope with
changing stress patterns in natural environments.
This two-volume work surveys the entire range of general aspects of chromosome research on plants. This first volume is divided into two sections. Section A consists of 11 chapters covering the entire range of general aspects of chromosome research in plants (including a chapter on genetic engineering in crop improvement). Section B is devoted to cytogenetics of cereals and millets (wheat, rye, barley, triticale, oats, maize, rice, pearl millet, and minor millets). More than one chapter is devoted to the same crop to give a detailed treatment of chromosome research (including molecular biology) in these crops. The second volume deals with cytogenetics of plant materials including legumes, vegetable and oil crops, sugar crops, forage crops, fibre crops, medicinal crops and ornamentals. This work will be useful both as a reference work and a teaching aid to satisfy a wide range of workers. Every chapter has been written by an expert who has been involved in chromosome research on a particular plant material for many years.
This volume covers the most significant advances of the last ten years in understanding intermediary nitrogen metabolism in plants. The eight chapters comprise aspects of nitrate and nitrogen assimilation, symbiotic nitrogen fixation, glutamine and glutamate enzymology, amino acid biosynthesis, ureides, and polyamine and sulfur metabolism. The volume emphasizes molecular and genetic advances as well as biochemistry and physiology. Intermediary Nitrogen Metabolism will be of interest to all plant biochemists and molecular geneticists who study nitrogen metabolism, enzymology, and amino acids.
The Biochemistry of Plants, Volume 14: Carbohydrates provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of plant biochemistry. This book deals with the function and structure of the plant cell wall by describing the physical and chemical properties of cell wall components. Organized into 11 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of hexose phosphate metabolism in nonphotosynthetic tissues. This text then examines the findings in fructan structures, conformations, and linkages, the enzymes involved in fructan synthesis and degradation, and their cellular regulation, location, and metabolic role in plants. Other chapters consider the methods employing enzymes to determine starch structure. This book discusses as well the different biosynthetic modes of plant cell walls. The final chapter deals with the various environmental factors that influence expression of the ?-amylase gene, suggesting how molecular biology may help in understanding carbohydrate biochemistry and the enzymes involved in carbohydrate synthesis and metabolism. This book is a valuable resource for plant biochemists. |
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