This book offers an up-to-date, comprehensive account of determinantal rings and varieties, presenting a multitude of methods used in their study, with tools from combinatorics, algebra, representation theory and geometry. After a concise introduction to Groebner and Sagbi bases, determinantal ideals are studied via the standard monomial theory and the straightening law. This opens the door for representation theoretic methods, such as the Robinson-Schensted-Knuth correspondence, which provide a description of the Groebner bases of determinantal ideals, yielding homological and enumerative theorems on determinantal rings. Sagbi bases then lead to the introduction of toric methods. In positive characteristic, the Frobenius functor is used to study properties of singularities, such as F-regularity and F-rationality. Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity, an important complexity measure in commutative algebra and algebraic geometry, is introduced in the general setting of a Noetherian base ring and then applied to powers and products of ideals. The remainder of the book focuses on algebraic geometry, where general vanishing results for the cohomology of line bundles on flag varieties are presented and used to obtain asymptotic values of the regularity of symbolic powers of determinantal ideals. In characteristic zero, the Borel-Weil-Bott theorem provides sharper results for GL-invariant ideals. The book concludes with a computation of cohomology with support in determinantal ideals and a survey of their free resolutions. Determinants, Groebner Bases and Cohomology provides a unique reference for the theory of determinantal ideals and varieties, as well as an introduction to the beautiful mathematics developed in their study. Accessible to graduate students with basic grounding in commutative algebra and algebraic geometry, it can be used alongside general texts to illustrate the theory with a particularly interesting and important class of varieties.

The book is devoted to the perturbation analysis of matrix equations. The importance of perturbation analysis is that it gives a way to estimate the influence of measurement and/or parametric errors in mathematical models together with the rounding errors done in the computational process. The perturbation bounds may further be incorporated in accuracy estimates for the solution computed in finite arithmetic. This is necessary for the development of reliable computational methods, algorithms and software from the viewpoint of modern numerical analysis.

In this book a general perturbation theory for matrix algebraic equations is presented. Local and non-local perturbation bounds are derived for general types of matrix equations as well as for the most important equations arising in linear algebra and control theory. A large number of examples, tables and figures is included in order to illustrate the perturbation techniques and bounds.

Key features:

The first book in this field
Can be used by a variety of specialists
Material is self-contained
Results can be used in the development of reliable computational algorithms
A large number of examples and graphical illustrations are given
Written by prominent specialists in the field
"

A matroid is an abstract mathematical structure that captures combinatorial properties of matrices. This book offers a unique introduction to matroid theory, emphasizing motivations from matrix theory and applications to systems analysis.This book serves also as a comprehensive presentation of the theory and application of mixed matrices, developed primarily by the present author in the last decade. A mixed matrix is a convenient mathematical tool for systems analysis, compatible with the physical observation that "fixed constants" and "system parameters" are to be distinguished in the description of engineering systems.This book will be extremely useful to graduate students and researchers in engineering, mathematics and computer science.

Factorization algebras are local-to-global objects that play a role in classical and quantum field theory that is similar to the role of sheaves in geometry: they conveniently organize complicated information. Their local structure encompasses examples like associative and vertex algebras; in these examples, their global structure encompasses Hochschild homology and conformal blocks. In this second volume, the authors show how factorization algebras arise from interacting field theories, both classical and quantum, and how they encode essential information such as operator product expansions, Noether currents, and anomalies. Along with a systematic reworking of the Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism via derived geometry and factorization algebras, this book offers concrete examples from physics, ranging from angular momentum and Virasoro symmetries to a five-dimensional gauge theory.

The aim of the present work is two-fold. Firstly it aims at a giving an account of many existing algorithms for calculating with finite-dimensional Lie algebras. Secondly, the book provides an introduction into the theory of finite-dimensional Lie algebras. These two subject areas are intimately related. First of all, the algorithmic perspective often invites a different approach to the theoretical material than the one taken in various other monographs (e.g., 42], 48], 77], 86]). Indeed, on various occasions the knowledge of certain algorithms allows us to obtain a straightforward proof of theoretical results (we mention the proof of the Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt theorem and the proof of Iwasawa's theorem as examples). Also proofs that contain algorithmic constructions are explicitly formulated as algorithms (an example is the isomorphism theorem for semisimple Lie algebras that constructs an isomorphism in case it exists). Secondly, the algorithms can be used to arrive at a better understanding of the theory. Performing the algorithms in concrete examples, calculating with the concepts involved, really brings the theory of life.

This book addresses Birkhoff and Mal'cev's problem of describing subquasivariety lattices. The text begins by developing the basics of atomic theories and implicational theories in languages that may, or may not, contain equality. Subquasivariety lattices are represented as lattices of closed algebraic subsets of a lattice with operators, which yields new restrictions on the equaclosure operator. As an application of this new approach, it is shown that completely distributive lattices with a dually compact least element are subquasivariety lattices. The book contains many examples to illustrate these principles, as well as open problems. Ultimately this new approach gives readers a set of tools to investigate classes of lattices that can be represented as subquasivariety lattices.

This book includes discussions related to solutions of such tasks as: probabilistic description of the investment function; recovering the income function from GDP estimates; development of models for the economic cycles; selecting the time interval of pseudo-stationarity of cycles; estimating characteristics/parameters of cycle models; analysis of accuracy of model factors. All of the above constitute the general principles of a theory explaining the phenomenon of economic cycles and provide mathematical tools for their quantitative description. The introduced theory is applicable to macroeconomic analyses as well as econometric estimations of economic cycles.

First Published in 1991. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

This unified, self-contained book examines the mathematical tools used for decomposing and analyzing functions, specifically, the application of the [discrete] Fourier transform to finite Abelian groups. With countless examples and unique exercise sets at the end of each section, Fourier Analysis on Finite Abelian Groups is a perfect companion to a first course in Fourier analysis. This text introduces mathematics students to subjects that are within their reach, but it also has powerful applications that may appeal to advanced researchers and mathematicians. The only prerequisites necessary are group theory, linear algebra, and complex analysis.

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Trends in Semigroup Theory and Evolution Equations held Sept. 1989, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands. Papers deal with recent developments in semigroup theory (e.g., positive, dual, integrated), and nonlinear evolution equations (e

The revealing of the phenomenon of superhydrophobicity (the "lotus-effect") has stimulated an interest in wetting of real (rough and chemically heterogeneous) surfaces. In spite of the fact that wetting has been exposed to intensive research for more than 200 years, there still is a broad field open for theoretical and experimental research, including recently revealed superhydrophobic, superoleophobic and superhydrophilic surfaces, so-called liquid marbles, wetting transitions, etc. This book integrates all these aspects within a general framework of wetting of real surfaces, where physical and chemical heterogeneity is essential. Wetting of rough/heterogeneous surfaces is discussed through the use of the variational approach developed recently by the author. It allows natural and elegant grounding of main equations describing wetting of solid surfaces, i.e. Young, Wenzel and Cassie-Baxter equations. The problems of superhydrophobicity, wetting transitions and contact angle hysteresis are discussed in much detail, in view of novel models and new experimental data. The second edition surveys the last achievements in the field of wetting of real surfaces, including new chapters devoted to the wetting of lubricated and gradient surfaces and reactive wetting, which have seen the rapid progress in the last decade. Additional reading, surveying the progress across the entire field of wetting of real surfaces, is suggested to the reader. Contents What is surface tension? Wetting of ideal surfaces Contact angle hysteresis Dynamics of wetting Wetting of rough and chemically heterogeneous surfaces: the Wenzel and Cassie Models Superhydrophobicity, superhydrophilicity, and the rose petal effect Wetting transitions on rough surfaces Electrowetting and wetting in the presence of external fields Nonstick droplets Wetting of lubricated surfaces

During the last few years, the theory of operator algebras, particularly non-self-adjoint operator algebras, has evolved dramatically, experiencing both international growth and interfacing with other important areas. The present volume presents a survey of some of the latest developments in the field in a form that is detailed enough to be accessible to advanced graduate students as well as researchers in the field. Among the topics treated are: operator spaces, Hilbert modules, limit algebras, reflexive algebras and subspaces, relations to basis theory, C* algebraic quantum groups, endomorphisms of operator algebras, conditional expectations and projection maps, and applications, particularly to wavelet theory. The volume also features an historical paper offering a new approach to the Pythagoreans' discovery of irrational numbers.

This popular textbook was thoughtfully and specifically tailored to introducing undergraduate students to linear algebra. The second edition has been carefully revised to improve upon its already successful format and approach. In particular, the author added a chapter on quadratic forms, making this one of the most comprehensive introductory texts on linear algebra.

Reservation procedures constitute the core of many popular data transmission protocols. They consist of two steps: A request phase in which a station reserves the communication channel and a transmission phase in which the actual data transmission takes place. Such procedures are often applied in communication networks that are characterised by a shared communication channel with large round-trip times.

In this book, we propose queuing models for situations that require a reservation procedure and validate their applicability in the context of cable networks.

We offer various mathematical models to better understand the performance of these reservation procedures. The book covers four key performance models, and modifications to these: Contention trees, the repairman model, the bulk service queue, and tandem queues.

The relevance of this book is not limited to reservation procedures and cable networks, and performance analysts from a variety of areas may benefit, as all models have found application in other fields as well.

For years I have heard about buildings and their applications to group theory. I finally decided to try to learn something about the subject by teaching a graduate course on it at Cornell University in Spring 1987. This book is based on the not es from that course. The course started from scratch and proceeded at a leisurely pace. The book therefore does not get very far. Indeed, the definition of the term "building" doesn't even appear until Chapter IV. My hope, however, is that the book gets far enough to enable the reader to tadle the literat ure on buildings, some of which can seem very forbidding. Most of the results in this book are due to J. Tits, who originated the the ory of buildings. The main exceptions are Chapter I (which presents some classical material), Chapter VI (which prcsents joint work of F. Bruhat and Tits), and Chapter VII (which surveys some applications, due to var ious people). It has been a pleasure studying Tits's work; I only hope my exposition does it justice."

This comprehensive reference begins with a review of the basics followed by a presentation of flag varieties and finite- and infinite-dimensional representations in classical types and subvarieties of flag varieties and their singularities. Associated varieties and characteristic cycles are covered as well and Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials are treated. The coverage concludes with a discussion of pattern avoidance and singularities and some recent results on Springer fibers.

X Kochendorffer, L.A. Kalu: lnin and their students in the 50s and 60s. Nowadays the most deeply developed is the theory of binary invariant relations and their combinatorial approximations. These combinatorial approximations arose repeatedly during this century under various names (Hecke algebras, centralizer rings, association schemes, coherent configurations, cellular rings, etc.-see the first paper of the collection for details) andin various branches of mathematics, both pure and applied. One of these approximations, the theory of cellular rings (cellular algebras), was developed at the end of the 60s by B. Yu. Weisfeiler and A.A. Leman in the course of the first serious attempt to study the complexity of the graph isomorphism problem, one of the central problems in the modern theory of combinatorial algorithms. At roughly the same time G.M. Adelson-Velskir, V.L. Arlazarov, I.A. Faradtev and their colleagues had developed a rather efficient tool for the constructive enumeration of combinatorial objects based on the branch and bound method. By means of this tool a number of "sports-like" results were obtained. Some of these results are still unsurpassed."

The volume is almost entirely composed of the research and expository papers by the participants of the International Workshop "Groups, Rings, Lie and Hopf Algebras," which was held at the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NF, Canada. All four areas from the title of the workshop are covered. In addition, some chapters touch upon the topics, which belong to two or more areas at the same time.

Audience: The readership targeted includes researchers, graduate and senior undergraduate students in mathematics and its applications.

This book furnishes a comprehensive treatment of differential graded Lie algebras, L-infinity algebras, and their use in deformation theory. We believe it is the first textbook devoted to this subject, although the first chapters are also covered in other sources with a different perspective. Deformation theory is an important subject in algebra and algebraic geometry, with an origin that dates back to Kodaira, Spencer, Kuranishi, Gerstenhaber, and Grothendieck. In the last 30 years, a new approach, based on ideas from rational homotopy theory, has made it possible not only to solve long-standing open problems, but also to clarify the general theory and to relate apparently different features. This approach works over a field of characteristic 0, and the central role is played by the notions of differential graded Lie algebra, L-infinity algebra, and Maurer-Cartan equations. The book is written keeping in mind graduate students with a basic knowledge of homological algebra and complex algebraic geometry as utilized, for instance, in the book by K. Kodaira, Complex Manifolds and Deformation of Complex Structures. Although the main applications in this book concern deformation theory of complex manifolds, vector bundles, and holomorphic maps, the underlying algebraic theory also applies to a wider class of deformation problems, and it is a prerequisite for anyone interested in derived deformation theory. Researchers in algebra, algebraic geometry, algebraic topology, deformation theory, and noncommutative geometry are the major targets for the book.

The modern theory of algebras of binary relations, reformulated by Tarski as an abstract, algebraic, equational theory of relation algebras, has considerable mathematical significance, with applications in various fields: e.g., in computer science---databases, specification theory, AI---and in anthropology, economics, physics, and philosophical logic.
This comprehensive treatment of the theory of relation algebras and the calculus of relations is the first devoted to a systematic development of the subject.
Key Features:
- Presents historical milestones from a modern perspective
- Careful, thorough, detailed guide to understanding relation algebras
- Provides a framework and unified perspective of the subject

This book brings together the impact of Prof. John Horton Conway, the playful and legendary mathematician's wide range of contributions in science which includes research areas-Game of Life in cellular automata, theory of finite groups, knot theory, number theory, combinatorial game theory, and coding theory. It contains transcripts where some eminent scientists have shared their first-hand experience of interacting with Conway, as well as some invited research articles from the experts focusing on Game of Life, cellular automata, and the diverse research directions that started with Conway's Game of Life. The book paints a portrait of Conway's research life and philosophical direction in mathematics and is of interest to whoever wants to explore his contribution to the history and philosophy of mathematics and computer science. It is designed as a small tribute to Prof. Conway whom we lost on April 11, 2020.

This two-volume work presents a systematic theoretical and computational study of several types of generalizations of separable matrices. The main attention is paid to fast algorithms (many of linear complexity) for matrices in semiseparable, quasiseparable, band and companion form. The work is focused on algorithms of multiplication, inversion and description of eigenstructure and includes a large number of illustrative examples throughout the different chapters.

The second volume, consisting of four parts, addresses the eigenvalue problem for matrices with quasiseparable structure and applications to the polynomial root finding problem. In the first part the properties of the characteristic polynomials of principal leading submatrices, the structure of eigenspaces and the basic methods to compute eigenvalues are studied in detail for matrices with quasiseparable representation of the first order. The second part is devoted to the divide and conquer method, with the main algorithms being derived also for matrices with quasiseparable representation of order one. The QR iteration method for some classes of matrices with quasiseparable of any order representations is studied in the third part. This method is then used in the last part in order to get a fast solver for the polynomial root finding problem. The work is based mostly on results obtained by the authors and their coauthors. Due to its many significant applications and the accessible style the text will be useful to engineers, scientists, numerical analysts, computer scientists and mathematicians alike.

Developed to meet the needs of modern students, this Second Edition of the classic algebra text by Peter Cameron covers all the abstract algebra an undergraduate student is likely to need. Starting with an introductory overview of numbers, sets and functions, matrices, polynomials, and modular arithmetic, the text then introduces the most important algebraic structures: groups, rings and fields, and their properties. This is followed by coverage of vector spaces and modules with applications to abelian groups and canonical forms before returning to the construction of the number systems, including the existence of transcendental numbers. The final chapters take the reader further into the theory of groups, rings and fields, coding theory, and Galois theory. With over 300 exercises, and web-based solutions, this is an ideal introductory text for Year 1 and 2 undergraduate students in mathematics.

I am pleased to participate in this Summer School and look forward to sharing some ideas with you over the next few days. At the outset I would like to describe the approach I will take in 1 presenting the material. I aim to present the material in a non rigorous way and hopefully in an intuitive manner. At the same time I will draw attention to some of the major technical problems. It is pitched at someone who is unfamiliar with the area. The results presented here are unfamiliar to actuaries and insurance mathematicians although they are well known in some other fields. During the next few minutes I will make some preliminary comments. The purpose of these comments is to place the lectures in perspective and motivate the upcoming material. After this I will outline briefly the topics to be covered during the rest of this lecture and in the lectures that will follow. One of the central themes of these lectures is RISK-SHARING. Risk-sharing is a common response to uncertainty. Such uncertainty can arise from natural phenomena or social causes. One particular form of risk-sharing is the insurance mechanism. I will be dealing with models which have a natural application in the insurance area but they have been applied in other areas as well. In fact some of the paradigms to be discussed have the capacity to provide a unified treatment of problems in diverse fields."

For courses in Advanced Linear Algebra. This top-selling, theorem-proof text presents a careful treatment of the principle topics of linear algebra, and illustrates the power of the subject through a variety of applications. It emphasizes the symbiotic relationship between linear transformations and matrices, but states theorems in the more general infinite-dimensional case where appropriate.