In recent years there has been enormous activity in the theory of algebraic curves. Many long-standing problems have been solved using the general techniques developed in algebraic geometry during the 1950's and 1960's. Additionally, unexpected and deep connections between algebraic curves and differential equations have been uncovered, and these in turn shed light on other classical problems in curve theory. It seems fair to say that the theory of algebraic curves looks completely different now from how it appeared 15 years ago; in particular, our current state of knowledge repre sents a significant advance beyond the legacy left by the classical geometers such as Noether, Castelnuovo, Enriques, and Severi. These books give a presentation of one of the central areas of this recent activity; namely, the study of linear series on both a fixed curve (Volume I) and on a variable curve (Volume II). Our goal is to give a comprehensive and self-contained account of the extrinsic geometry of algebraic curves, which in our opinion constitutes the main geometric core of the recent advances in curve theory. Along the way we shall, of course, discuss appli cations of the theory of linear series to a number of classical topics (e.g., the geometry of the Riemann theta divisor) as well as to some of the current research (e.g., the Kodaira dimension of the moduli space of curves)."

An arrangement of hyperplanes is a finite collection of codimension one affine subspaces in a finite dimensional vector space. Arrangements have emerged independently as important objects in various fields of mathematics such as combinatorics, braids, configuration spaces, representation theory, reflection groups, singularity theory, and in computer science and physics. This book is the first comprehensive study of the subject. It treats arrangements with methods from combinatorics, algebra, algebraic geometry, topology, and group actions. It emphasizes general techniques which illuminate the connections among the different aspects of the subject. Its main purpose is to lay the foundations of the theory. Consequently, it is essentially self-contained and proofs are provided. Nevertheless, there are several new results here. In particular, many theorems that were previously known only for central arrangements are proved here for the first time in completegenerality. The text provides the advanced graduate student entry into a vital and active area of research. The working mathematician will findthe book useful as a source of basic results of the theory, open problems, and a comprehensive bibliography of the subject.

This monograph contains an exposition of the theory of minimal surfaces in Euclidean space, with an emphasis on complete minimal surfaces of finite total curvature. Our exposition is based upon the philosophy that the study of finite total curvature complete minimal surfaces in R3, in large measure, coincides with the study of meromorphic functions and linear series on compact Riemann sur faces. This philosophy is first indicated in the fundamental theorem of Chern and Osserman: A complete minimal surface M immersed in R3 is of finite total curvature if and only if M with its induced conformal structure is conformally equivalent to a compact Riemann surface Mg punctured at a finite set E of points and the tangential Gauss map extends to a holomorphic map Mg _ P2. Thus a finite total curvature complete minimal surface in R3 gives rise to a plane algebraic curve. Let Mg denote a fixed but otherwise arbitrary compact Riemann surface of genus g. A positive integer r is called a puncture number for Mg if Mg can be conformally immersed into R3 as a complete finite total curvature minimal surface with exactly r punctures; the set of all puncture numbers for Mg is denoted by P (M ). For example, Jorge and Meeks JM] showed, by constructing an example g for each r, that every positive integer r is a puncture number for the Riemann surface pl."

The theory of algebraic function fields over finite fields has its origins in number theory. However, after Goppas discovery of algebraic geometry codes around 1980, many applications of function fields were found in different areas of mathematics and information theory. This book presents survey articles on some of these new developments. The topics focus on material which has not yet been presented in other books or survey articles.

Stochastic geometry deals with models for random geometric structures. Its early beginnings are found in playful geometric probability questions, and it has vigorously developed during recent decades, when an increasing number of real-world applications in various sciences required solid mathematical foundations. Integral geometry studies geometric mean values with respect to invariant measures and is, therefore, the appropriate tool for the investigation of random geometric structures that exhibit invariance under translations or motions. Stochastic and Integral Geometry provides the mathematically oriented reader with a rigorous and detailed introduction to the basic stationary models used in stochastic geometry random sets, point processes, random mosaics and to the integral geometry that is needed for their investigation. The interplay between both disciplines is demonstrated by various fundamental results. A chapter on selected problems about geometric probabilities and an outlook to non-stationary models are included, and much additional information is given in the section notes."

P. Dolbeault: R sidus et courants.- D. Mumford: Varieties defined by quadratic equations.- A. N ron: Hauteurs et th orie des intersections.- A. Seidenberg: Report on analytic product.- C.S. Seshadri: Moduli of p-vector bundles over an algebraic curve.- O. Zariski: Contributions to the problem of equi-singularity.

Lectures: T.H. Brylawski: The Tutte polynomial.- D.J.A. Welsh: Matroids and combinatorial optimisation.- Seminars: M. Barnabei, A. Brini, G.-C. Rota: Un introduzione alla teoria delle funzioni di M bius.- A. Brini: Some remarks on the critical problem.- J. Oxley: On 3-connected matroids and graphs.- R. Peele: The poset of subpartitions and Cayley 's formula for the complexity of a complete graph.- A. Recski: Engineering applications of matroids.- T. Zaslavisky: Voltage-graphic matroids.

This book treats Jacques Tit's beautiful theory of buildings, making that theory accessible to readers with minimal background. It covers all three approaches to buildings, so that the reader can choose to concentrate on one particular approach. Beginners can use parts of the new book as a friendly introduction to buildings, but the book also contains valuable material for the active researcher.

This book is suitable as a textbook, with many exercises, and it may also be used for self-study.

This textbook illuminates the field of discrete mathematics with examples, theory, and applications of the discrete volume of a polytope. The authors have weaved a unifying thread through basic yet deep ideas in discrete geometry, combinatorics, and number theory. We encounter here a friendly invitation to the field of "counting integer points in polytopes," and its various connections to elementary finite Fourier analysis, generating functions, the Frobenius coin-exchange problem, solid angles, magic squares, Dedekind sums, computational geometry, and more. With 250 exercises and open problems, the reader feels like an active participant.

A book on any mathematical subject beyond the textbook level is of little value unless it contains new ideas and new perspectives. It helps to include new results, provided that they give the reader new insights and are presented along with known old results in a clear exposition. It is with this philosophy that the author writes this volume. The two subjects, Dirichlet series and modular forms, are traditional subjects, but here they are treated in both orthodox and unorthodox ways. Regardless of the unorthodox treatment, the author has made the book accessible to those who are not familiar with such topics by including plenty of expository material.

"The second volume of the authors' 'Computational commutative algebra'...covers on its 586 pages a wealth of interesting material with several unexpected applications. ... an encyclopedia on computational commutative algebra, a source for lectures on the subject as well as an inspiration for seminars. The text is recommended for all those who want to learn and enjoy an algebraic tool that becomes more and more relevant to different fields of applications." --ZENTRALBLATT MATH

The authors describe the important generalization of the original Weil conjectures, as given by P. Deligne in his fundamental paper "La conjecture de Weil II." The authors follow the important and beautiful methods of Laumon and Brylinski which lead to a simplification of Deligne's theory. Deligne's work is closely related to the sheaf theoretic theory of perverse sheaves. In this framework Deligne's results on global weights and his notion of purity of complexes obtain a satisfactory and final form. Therefore the authors include the complete theory of middle perverse sheaves. In this part, the l-adic Fourier transform is introduced as a technique providing natural and simple proofs. To round things off, there are three chapters with significant applications of these theories.

This book is devoted to applications of singularity theory in mathematics and physics, covering a broad spectrum of topics and problems. "The book contains a huge amount of information from all the branches of Singularity Theory, presented in a very attractive way, with lots of inspiring pictures." --ZENTRALBLATT MATH

Intersection cohomology assigns groups which satisfy a generalized form of Poincare duality over the rationals to a stratified singular space. This monograph introduces a method that assigns to certain classes of stratified spaces cell complexes, called intersection spaces, whose ordinary rational homology satisfies generalized Poincare duality. The cornerstone of the method is a process of spatial homology truncation, whose functoriality properties are analyzed in detail. The material on truncation is autonomous and may be of independent interest tohomotopy theorists. The cohomology of intersection spaces is not isomorphic to intersection cohomology and possesses algebraic features such as perversity-internal cup-products and cohomology operations that are not generally available for intersection cohomology. A mirror-symmetric interpretation, as well as applications to string theory concerning massless D-branes arising in type IIB theory during a Calabi-Yau conifold transition, are discussed.

The aim of this book is to provide an introduction to the structure theory of higher dimensional algebraic varieties by studying the geometry of curves, especially rational curves, on varieties. The main applications are in the study of Fano varieties and of related varieties with lots of rational curves on them. This "Ergebnisse" volume provides the first systematic introduction to this field of study. The book contains a large number of examples and exercises which serve to illustrate the range of the methods and also lead to many open questions of current research.

The relation between mathematics and physics has a long history, in which the role of number theory and of other more abstract parts of mathematics has recently become more prominent.

More than ten years after a first meeting in 1989 between number theorists and physicists at the Centre de Physique des Houches, a second 2-week event focused on the broader interface of number theory, geometry, and physics.

This book is the result of that exciting meeting, and collects, in 2 volumes, extended versions of the lecture courses, followed by shorter texts on special topics, of eminent mathematicians and physicists.

The present volume has three parts: Random matrices, Zeta functions, Dynamical systems.

The companion volume is subtitled: On Conformal Field Theories, Discrete Groups and Renormalization and will be published in 2006 (Springer, 3-540-30307-3).

How does an algebraic geometer studying secant varieties further the understanding of hypothesis tests in statistics? Why would a statistician working on factor analysis raise open problems about determinantal varieties? Connections of this type are at the heart of the new field of "algebraic statistics." In this field, mathematicians and statisticians come together to solve statistical inference problems using concepts from algebraic geometry as well as related computational and combinatorial techniques. The goal of these lectures is to introduce newcomers from the different camps to algebraic statistics. The introduction will be centered around the following three observations: many important statistical models correspond to algebraic or semi-algebraic sets of parameters; the geometry of these parameter spaces determines the behaviour of widely used statistical inference procedures; computational algebraic geometry can be used to study parameter spaces and other features of statistical models.

Singularity theory is a young, rapidly-growing topic with connections to algebraic geometry, complex analysis, commutative algebra, representations theory, Lie groups theory and topology, and many applications in the natural and technical sciences. This book presents the basic singularity theory of analytic spaces, including local deformation theory and the theory of plane curve singularities. It includes complete proofs.

This commemorative book contains the 28 major articles that appeared in the 2008 Twentieth Anniversary Issue of the journal Discrete & Computational Geometry, and presents a comprehensive picture of the current state of the field. Formed during the past few decades by the merger of the classical discipline of combinatorial and discrete geometry with the new field of computational geometry that sprang up in the 1970s, discrete and computational geometry now claims the allegiance of a sizeable number of mathematicians and computer scientists all over the world, whose most important work has been appearing since 1986 in the pages of the journal.

The articles in this volume, a number of which solve long-outstanding problems in the field, were chosen by the editors of DCG for the importance of their results, for the breadth of their scope, and to show the intimate connections that have arisen between discrete and computational geometry and other areas of both computer science and mathematics. Apart from the articles, the editors present an expanded preface, along with a set of photographs of groups and individuals who have played a major role in the history of the field during the past twenty years.

Contributors include:

E. Ackerman

P.K. Agarwal

I. Aliev

I. BArAny

A. Barvinok

S. Basu

L.J. Billera

J.-D. Boissonnat

C. Borcea

E. Boros

K. Borys

B. Braun

K. Buchin

O. Cheong

D. Cohen-Steiner

M. Damian

K. Elbassioni

R. Flatland

T. Gerken

J.E. Goodman

X. Goaoc

P. Gronchi

V. Gurvich

S. Har-Peled

J. Hershberger

A. Holmsen

S.K. Hsiao

A. Hubard

J. JerA3nimo

L. Khachiyan

R. Klein

C. Knauer

S.Langerman

J.-Y. Lee

M. Longinetti

E. Miller

P. Morin

U. Nagel

E. Nevo

P. Niyogi

I. Novik

J. Oa (TM)Rourke

J. Pach

I. Pak

M.J. Pelsmajer

S. Petitjean

F. Pfender

R. Pinchasi

R. Pollack

J.S. Provan

K. Przeslawski

R.M. Richardson

G. Rote

M. Schaefer

Y. Schreiber

M. Sharir

J.R. Shewchuk

S. Smale

B. Solomyak

M. Soss

D. A tefankovic

G. Vegter

V.H. Vu

S. Weinberger

L. Wu

D. Yost

H. Yu

T. Zell

In this volume, the authors construct a theory of weights on the log crystalline cohomologies of families of open smooth varieties in characteristic p>0, by defining and constructing four filtered complexes. Fundamental properties of these filtered complexes are proved, in particular the p-adic purity, the functionality of three filtered complexes, the weight-filtered base change formula, the weight-filtered Kunneth formula, the weight-filtered Poincare duality, and the E2-degeneration of p-adic weight spectral sequences. In addition, the authors state some theorems on the weight filtration and the slope filtration on the rigid cohomology of a separated scheme of finite type over a perfect field of characteristic p>0.

Vector?eldsonmanifoldsplaymajorrolesinmathematicsandothersciences. In particular, the Poincar' e-Hopf index theorem and its geometric count- part,the Gauss-Bonnettheorem, giveriseto the theoryof Chernclasses,key invariants of manifolds in geometry and topology. One has often to face problems where the underlying space is no more a manifold but a singular variety. Thus it is natural to ask what is the "good" notionofindexofavector?eld,andofChernclasses,ifthespaceacquiress- gularities.Thequestionwasexploredbyseveralauthorswithvariousanswers, starting with the pioneering work of M.-H. Schwartz and R. MacPherson. We present these notions in the framework of the obstruction theory and the Chern-Weil theory. The interplay between these two methods is one of the main features of the monograph. Marseille Jean-Paul Brasselet Cuernavaca Jos' e Seade Tokyo Tatsuo Suwa September 2009 v Acknowledgements Parts of this monograph were written while the authors were staying at various institutions, such as Hokkaido University and Niigata University in Japan, CIRM, Universit' e de la Mediterran' ee and IML at Marseille, France, the Instituto de Matem' aticas of UNAM at Cuernavaca, Mexico, ICTP at Trieste, Italia, IMPA at Rio de Janeiro, and USP at S" ao Carlos in Brasil, to name a few, and we would like to thank them for their generous hospitality and support. Thanks are also due to people who helped us in many ways, in particular our co-authors of results quoted in the book: Marcelo Aguilar, Wolfgang Ebeling, Xavier G' omez-Mont, Sabir Gusein-Zade, LeDung " Tran ' g, Daniel Lehmann, David Massey, A.J. Parameswaran, Marcio Soares, Mihai Tibar, Alberto Verjovsky,andmanyother colleagueswho helped usin variousways.

Calabi-Yau manifolds have been an object of extensive research during the last two decades. One of the reasons is the importance of Calabi-Yau 3-manifolds in modern physics - notably string theory. An interesting class of Calabi-Yau manifolds is given by those with complex multiplication (CM). Calabi-Yau manifolds with CM are also of interest in theoretical physics, e. g. in connection with mirror symmetry and black hole attractors. It is the main aim of this book to construct families of Calabi-Yau 3-manifolds with dense sets of ?bers with complex multiplication. Most - amples in this book are constructed using families of curves with dense sets of ?bers with CM. The contents of this book can roughly be divided into two parts. The ?rst six chapters deal with families of curves with dense sets of CM ?bers and introduce the necessary theoretical background. This includes among other things several aspects of Hodge theory and Shimura varieties. Using the ?rst part, families of Calabi-Yau 3-manifolds with dense sets of ?bers withCM are constructed in the remaining ?ve chapters. In the appendix one ?nds examples of Calabi-Yau 3-manifolds with complex mul- plication which are not necessarily ?bers of a family with a dense set ofCM ?bers. The author hopes to have succeeded in writing a readable book that can also be used by non-specialists.

"This book revives and vastly expands the classical theory of resultants and discriminants. Most of the main new results of the book have been published earlier in more than a dozen joint papers of the authors. The book nicely complements these original papers with many examples illustrating both old and new results of the theory." Mathematical Reviews

This is a collection of lecture notes from the Summer School 'Cycles Algebriques; Aspects Transcendents, Grenoble 2001'. The topics range from introductory lectures on algebraic cycles to more advanced material. The advanced lectures are grouped under three headings: Lawson (co)homology, motives and motivic cohomology and Hodge theoretic invariants of cycles. Among the topics treated are: cycle spaces, Chow topology, morphic cohomology, Grothendieck motives, Chow-Kunneth decompositions of the diagonal, motivic cohomology via higher Chow groups, the Hodge conjecture for certain fourfolds, an effective version of Nori's connectivity theorem, Beilinson's Hodge and Tate conjecture for open complete intersections. As the lectures were intended for non-specialists many examples have been included to illustrate the theory. As such this book will be ideal for graduate students or researchers seeking a modern introduction to the state-of-the-art theory in this subject.

These notes present a polished introduction to tropical geometry and contain some applications of this rapidly developing and attractive subject. It consists of three chapters which complete each other and give a possibility for non-specialists to make the first steps in the subject which is not yet well represented in the literature. The notes are based on a seminar at the Mathematical Research Center in Oberwolfach in October 2004. The intended audience is graduate, post-graduate, and Ph.D. students as well as established researchers in mathematics.