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Books > Religion & Spirituality > Alternative belief systems
This book examines Sami shamanism in Norway as a uniquely
distinctive local manifestation of a global new religious
phenomenon. It takes the diversity and hybridity within shamanic
practices seriously through case studies from a Norwegian setting
and highlights the ethnic dimension of these currents, through a
particular focus on Sami versions of shamanism. The book's thesis
is that the construction of a Sami shamanistic movement makes sense
from the perspective of the broader ethno-political search for a
Sami identity, with respect to connections to indigenous peoples
worldwide and trans-historically. It also makes sense in economic
and marketing terms. Based on more than ten years of ethnographic
research, the book paints a picture of contemporary shamanism in
Norway in its cultural context, relating it both to the local
mainstream cultures in which it is situated and to global networks.
By this, the book provides the basis for a study revealing the
development of inventiveness, nuances and polyphony that occur when
a global religion of shamanism is merged in a Norwegian setting,
colored by its own political and cultural circumstances.
The Book of the Law, the holy text that forms the basis of Thelema,
was transmitted to Crowley by the entity known as Aiwass in Cairo,
on three successive days during April 1904. Acting as a medium,
Crowley recorded the communications on hotel notepads and later
organized his automatic writing into a short, coherent document.
Aiwass/Crowley presents The Book of the Law as an expression of
three god-forms in three chapters: Nuit, Hadit, and Ra-Hoor-Khuit.
The main subjects of analysis in the present book are the stages of
initiation in the grand scheme of Theosophical evolution. These
initiatory steps are connected to an idea of evolutionary
self-development by means of a set of virtues that are relative to
the individual's position on the path of evolution. The central
thesis is that these stages were translated from the "Hindu"
tradition to the "Theosophical" tradition through multifaceted
"hybridization processes" in which several Indian members of the
Theosophical Society partook. Starting with Annie Besant's early
Theosophy, the stages of initiation are traced through Blavatsky's
work to Manilal Dvivedi and T. Subba Row, both Indian members of
the Theosophical Society, and then on to the Sanatana Dharma Text
Books. In 1898, the English Theosophist Annie Besant and the Indian
Theosophist Bhagavan Das together founded the Central Hindu
College, Benares, which became the nucleus around which the Benares
Hindu University was instituted in 1915. In this context the
Sanatana Dharma Text Books were published. Muhlematter shows that
the stages of initiation were the blueprint for Annie Besant's
pedagogy, which she implemented in the Central Hindu College in
Benares. In doing so, he succeeds in making intelligible how
"esoteric" knowledge was transferred to public institutions and how
a broader public could be reached as a result. The dissertation has
been awarded the ESSWE PhD Thesis prize 2022 by the European
Society for the Study of Western Esotericism.
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