First Published in 2004. The papers presented in this book were written at various periods, but have a certain unity as being the result of an attempt to understand what is the real condition of Turkey and how that condition has arisen. The author recognises that an adequate knowledge of any one of the many themes here touched upon can only be obtained by lifelong research; but feels that for the purposes of practical politics it is well to see only one side of a question and act accordingly. This book sets itself apart from non-political writers who often impair the value of their work because they devote themselves to a special subject and unconsciously become partisans.

Stretching between the savannah and the equator, Sudan has one leg in the Arab world and the other in Africa. Political developments, however, have failed to reflect the differences within Sudan, resulting in political instability and a lack of national consensus - ultimately leading to long-term civil war.
This useful book provides a comprehensive introduction to contemporary Sudan from a social science perspective, outlining the evolution of the state with emphasis on its post-independence experience. It includes chapters on the history, politics, international relations and economy of the country.

Quality researchuniquely enhanced by the author's personal experience! In one of the first books to examine machismo from the perspective of Latin American and Latino men, Chris Girman relies on a compelling combination of ethnographic research and personal experience to explain how macho menmen like the author himselfregulate and sustain same-sex erotic encounters. Girman incorporates his own sexual experiences with a variety of Latin men into the book, infusing his writing with the unique perspective and vivid description that can only be related by someone who has lived the research he writes about. While most of the literature on Latin American male same-sex desire ignores the significance of the male body in its investigation, this book shows why it is essential to focus on the macho male body and re-evaluates so-called machismo to forge a more nuanced description of Latin American masculinity. Girman incorporates his own sexual experiences with a variety of Latin American men into the book, infusing his writing with the unique perspective and vivid descriptions that can only be related by someone who has lived the research he writes about. With this book, you'll become familiar with various kinds of Latin-American homosexual behavior. Here's a glimpse at what you'll find inside: Machismo, Practice Theorists, and Macho Performance summarizes previous research on Latin American male [homo]sexuality and defines the author's concept of machismo and Latin American masculinity. Head, Hands, Balls, and Ass shows why focusing on the body as living matter, rather than metaphor (as is done in so many other books on sexuality), is the ideal point of entry into the study of Latin American male [homo]sexuality and masculinity. This chapter focuses on specific regions of the macho bodyhead, hands, balls, and assto explain how machismo actually promotes, rather than denies, sexual encounters between men. It also shows the importance of the Latin American family as a variable that structures the manner and frequency in which [homo]sexual encounters occur. The Dominican Tiguere and Hegemonic Masculinities takes a specific look at a very peculiar form of hegemonic masculinityrelying on cunning more than strength to come out on topthat is indigenous to the Dominican Republic. This chapter also tells the stories of five of the author's sexual encounters in that nation and discusses the tiguere style of masculine performance. Desire in a Costa Rican Prison analyzes the ways in which desire, power, and pleasure are constituted in the Latin American prison environment. Historical Representations of Same-Sex Desire examines two short storiesEl Matadero (Esteban Echeverria) and Comienza el Desfile (Reinaldo Arenas), which highlight male eroticism as important concepts within discourses on national identity. Both stories conceptualize same-sex desire within specific historical moments and demonstrate how male [homo]sexuality emerges and represents itself not in contrast to the dominant discourse, but within that discourse itself. Familiar, Familial Voices: Latino Men Speak Out documents the voices of gay-identified Latino men living in Central Texasmen who have come to love other Latin, Black, and Anglo men in the context of very full lives. These men reveal their conceptions of identity, race, performance, resistance, family, pleasure, desire, masculinity, silence, and place. Performing Matter[s]-Masculinity, the Male Body, and the Evocation of the [non]real defies the notion that written representations can capture the lived realities of

A comprehensive survey of all the countries and territories of Central and South-Eastern Europe, presenting the latest economic and political developments. * Includes expert comment on issues of regional importance, up-to-date statistics, a directory of institutes and companies and political profiles * Provides an impartial and current perspective on economic and political developments * Over 750 pages of authoritative analysis, current statistics, directory data and biographical details. General Survey Leading authorities on the area analyse topics of regional interest. Subjects covered are: Central and South-Eastern European Economies; Social Policy and Welfare in Central and South-Eastern Europe: Legacies, Trends and Choices; Religion in Central and South-Eastern Europe; Minorities in Central and South-Eastern Europe; The Baltic Sea Region; The Former Yugoslavia After Milosevic; The Macedonian Question and The Environmental Dimension of Transition in Central and South-Eastern Europe. Country Surveys * Detailed individual chapters for each country that include a description of physical and social geography; a chronology; essays on the history and economy; a statistical survey; and a directory of names and addresses and background information covering the constitution, national and local government, political organizations, the judicial system, religion, the press, finance, trade and industry etc. Political Profiles * Biographical details on the leading figures in the region. Regional Information * Detailed information on the following: regional organizations; research institutes; a select periodicals bibliography and a select books bibliography.

Elgar Research Agendas outline the future of research in a given area. Leading scholars are given the space to explore their subject in provocative ways, and map out the potential directions of travel. They are relevant but also visionary. City-regions are regeneration economies, or in other words, places that are experiencing on-going processes of recovery, adaptation or transformation. This Research Agenda provides both a state-of-the-art review of existing research on city-regions, and expands on new research approaches. Expert contributors from across the globe explore key areas of research for reading city-regions, including: trade, services and people, regional differentiation, big data, global production networks, governance and policy, and regional development. The book focuses on developing a more integrated and systematic approach to reading city-regions as part of regeneration economics by identifying conceptual and methodological developments in this field of study. Students in geography, urban studies and city and regional planning will greatly benefit from reading this, as it provides a wealth of stimuli for essays and dissertation topics. Advanced business and public policy students will also benefit from the focus on translating research into practice, an approach that this Research Agenda takes in several chapters. Contributors include: L. Andres, J.R. Bryson, J. Clark, G.J.D. Hewings, N. Kreston, M. Nathan, P. Nijkamp, J. Steenbruggen, R.J. Stimson, E. Tranos, A. Weaver, D. Wojcik, G. Yeung

"The Territories of the Russian Federation 2004" presents a distinctive collection of political, geographical and economic information on the 89 constituent units of the Russian Federation. This survey includes individual territory surveys, and provides geographical, historical, economic, and directory data as well as some 100 current maps.
Part I supplies essential background to the Federation, including:
* An essay covering the region as a whole, which analyzes the complex relationship between the territories and the Federation
* Statistics of major demographic and economic indicators
* Details of the Government of the Russian Federation
Part II is comprised of the territorial surveys, which include:
* A map, plus geographical and demographic information
* Historical details, followed by a description of the current political situation
* An economic survey presenting the latest available statistics
* A directory of names and addresses of the leading political and administrative officials
Parts III and IV include:
* A select books bibliography
* Territories indexed alphabetically, and by both Federal District and Economic Area

This engaging new biography dispels many myths surrounding Nehru, and distinguishes between the icon he has become and the politician he actually was. Benjamin Zachariah places Nehru in the context of the issues of his time, including the central theme of nationalism, the impact of Cold War pressures on India and the transition from colonial control to a precarious independence. How did Jawaharlal Nehru come to lead the Indian nationalist movement, and how did he sustain his leadership as the first Prime Minister of independent India? Nehru's vision of India, its roots in Indian politics and society, as well as its viability have been central to historical and present-day views of India. Connecting the domestic and international aspects of his political life and ideology, this study provides a fascinating insight into Nehru, his times and his legacy.

During the past 10 years following the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, invaluable lessons have been learned and great changes have been observed. Immediately after the disaster, the second World Conference on Disaster Reduction was held in Kobe, Japan, and formulated the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA: 2005-2015). HFA provided a platform and framework for changes and innovations, many of which were part of the recovery programs in the different countries affected by the 2004 disaster. This book is a modest attempt to review the lessons learned through the recovery process in the affected region. The book has 31 chapters, drawing lessons from four countries: India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. There are five sections: Overview (10 chapters), Indonesia (8 chapters), India (6 chapters), Sri Lanka (5 chapters), and Thailand (2 chapters). The primary target groups for this book are students and researchers in the fields of disaster risk reduction, environment, and development. The book provides them with a good idea of the current research trends and lessons over the past decade of recovery initiatives. Another target group comprises practitioners and policy makers, who will be able to apply the knowledge collected here to establishing policy and making decisions.

The second of two important books by Louis Leakey, the renowned expert on the Kikuyu tribe. This book examines the organisation of the Mau Mau movement, its propaganda, the nature of its religious aspects and its oaths and the mistakes its leaders made as well as covering chapters on necessary reforms to prevent further outbreaks of a similar nature.

This study analyses the way in which tribal ties are maintained in the development of a tribally mixed, middle class community in Kampala, Uganda. Political independence in the early nineteen sixties in much of Africa created expectations of increased development, education and living standards. There was hope that ethnic tensions arising from false colonial boundaries might be transcended by newly emerging socio-economic status-groups. However, the new national boundaries suddenly made aliens of peoples who had migrated and settled in towns distant from their home countries. The interplay of nationality, ethnicity and socio-economic status or class was given a new theatre. Hope was dramatically tempered by nationalist and ethnic conflicts which cut across ethnically mixed, small status groups of neighbours and friends. In Kampala, Uganda, this rapidly unfolding drama resulted in the expulsion of two Kenyan ethnic groups and polarised peoples from northern and southern Uganda. The essentialisation of ethnic and national identity imposed by colonialism was thus taken on in this new situation by the people themselves, with the result that they became 'cultural' starting-points of social and political judgement. Originally published in 1969.

This book evaluates the historical factors that produced the Boer people, and the political, religious and economic forces that maintain modern Afrikaner Nationalism. This last trek brings the Afrikaner back into multi-racial integrating industrial society. Originally published in 1957.

This book is unique in its approach in that each chapter covers women in their everyday lives and the problems, which concern them. Until now, ethnographic research has almost always been carried out with the help of the male population and as a result the picture that has emerged has been largely the image, which the men, and the men alone, have of their society. Originally published in 1963.

The force of hunger in shaping human character and social structure has been largely overlooked. This omission is a serious one in the study of primitive society, in which starvation is a constant menace. This work remedies this deficiency and opens up new lines of anthropological inquiry. The whole network of social institutions is examined which makes possible the consumption, distribution, and production of food-eating customs, as well as the religion and magic of food-production.

Focussing on the mechanics of social change and the interaction between ethnic groups, cultures, structures and value systems the background questions of ecology, demography and history are also examined and the process of urbanization and rural revolution described. Trends in marriage and family life, education and religious ideas are also discussed and case studies from each country included. First published in 1974.

This book presents an authoritative and illuminating insight into the development and most important characteristics of Japanese society and culture. Approaching the subject from a number of different points of view.
Originally published in 1963.

This book covers the life of a small Mestizo community in Columbia, with its people and institutions, its traditions in the past and its outlook on the future. Chapters include: * information on the health and nutritional status of the community * discussion of formal education and certain sets of patterned attitudes such as those which refer to work, illness, food and personal prestige. Originally published in 1961.

Wang Gungwu is an immensely eminent and prolific writer. Over the past 50 years he has made an important contribution to both scholarly and political debate, bringing his unparalleled knowledge of the histories of East and Southeast Asia to bear on urgent contemporary social, political and cultural issues. As doyen of studies on the Chinese diaspora and China's relations with Southeast Asia, Wang Gungwu has played an instrumental role in developing this emerging field of scholarship since the 1950s.
This collection of essays by and about Wang Gungwu brings together some of Wang's most recent and representative writing about the ethnic Chinese outside China giving the reader a deeper understanding of his views on migration, identity, nationalism and culture, all key issues in modern Asia's transformation. The book collects interviews, speeches and essays that illustrate the development and direction of Wang's scholarship on ethnic and diasporic Chinese.
"Diasporic Chinese Ventures" is the ideal introduction to the often complex field of ethnic Chinese Studies making it an essential read for students embarking upon the study of the subject. Those who are already familiar with Wang Gungwu's work will find this book a useful and representative collection which also provides an intriguing assessment of Wang's own political and scholarly influences.

This work examines the counselling approaches and techniques used by Yoruba traditional healers of Nigeria. It also describes the functions performed by Yoruba traditional healers when they work within the Yoruba cultural milieu. The information elicited from Yoruba traditional healers though videotape and interview was analyzed by a Nigerian woman from the Yoruba ethnic group. The results of the volume support the premise that culture plays a significant role in the kind of healing methods and counselling techniques used by professionals and traditional healers, as well as in the type of professionals chosen by clients for consultation concerning their problems.

The book is structured as follows: * An introduction of old Bantu culture * An account of modern Bantu life * Discussion of the influence exerted by Christianity and Education upon communal life of the Bantu * Examination of special aspects of Bantu culture as they have been modified by Western civilization: language and music * The economic, political and legal positions of the native tribes in South Africa are also covered. First published in 1934.

These essays are mainly concerned with the development of some of Max Gluckman's ideas about African politics. He regarded frequent rebellions to replace incumbents of political offices (as against revolutions to alter the structure of offices) as inherent in these politics. Later he connected this situation with modes of husbandry, problems of the devolution of power, types of weapons and the law of treason. He advanced to a general theory of ritual, as well as to general propositions about the position of officials representing conflicting interests within a hierarchy, typified by the African chief under colonial rule. Originally published in 1963.

Presents text, statistics and directory information on the geography, recent history and economy of the Western European countries and territories. Key features include * Contributions from acknowledged experts * A definitive factual and statistical survey of each country * Over 700 pages of impartial data. General Survey* Introductory articles written by acknowledged experts cover issues of regional importance, such as: The European Union Towards 2004; European Defence: All Illusions Exposed; The Politics of Immigration and Asylum in Western Europe; Economic Survey of Western Europe and Western Europe and the Developing World. Country Surveys Individual chapters on each country, which comprise of: * An introductory survey, containing essays on the geography, history and economy of each country, which includes a full chronology and map * An extensive economic and demographic survey of the latest available statistics on area and population, health and welfare, agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining, industry, finance, trade, transport, tourism, communications media and education * A full directory section with names, addresses, contact numbers and e-mail and internet addresses covering the constitution, government, legislature, judiciary, political organizations, diplomatic representation, religious groups, the media, finance, trade and industry, tourism, defence and education * A select bibliography, containing suggestions for further research.

Explosive economic and social changes in the Asia Pacific region have meant that much of what we know about the area is outdated. This book addresses this and looks at the "human resource period" with detailed analysis, discussion and predictions for the future. Focusing on the areas of China, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan and Thailand the book explores the reasons behind changes and whether they indicate movement of convergence or divergence, the key issues for management and the implications for theory development.
This is the latest research available on this subject. A must for managers, researchers and those teaching undergraduate or postgraduate courses, as well as those interested in international business, sociology and employee relations.

The Routledge Global Haiku Reader provides a historical overview and comprehensive examination of haiku across the world in numerous languages, poetic movements, and cultural contexts. Offering an extensive critical perspective, this volume provides leading essays by poets and scholars who explore haiku's various global developments, demonstrating the form's complex and sometimes contradictory manifestations from the twentieth century to the present. The sixteen chapters are carefully organized into categories that reflect the salient areas of practice and study: Haiku in Transit, Haiku and Social Consciousness, Haiku and Experimentation, The Future of Global Haiku. An insightful introduction surveys haiku's influence beyond Japan and frames the collection historically and culturally, questioning commonly held assumptions about haiku and laying the groundwork for new ways of seeing the form. Haiku's elusiveness, its resistance to definition, is partly what keeps it so relevant today, and this book traces the many ways in which this global verse form has evolved. The Routledge Global Haiku Reader ushers haiku into the twenty-first century in a critically minded and historically informed manner for a new generation of readers and writers and will appeal to students and researchers in literary studies, Asian studies, comparative literature, cultural studies and creative writing.

This fascinating book is an insightful exploration of Western perceptions and representations of Japanese culture and society, drawing on social and cultural psychological ideas around stereotypes and intercultural relations. Hinton considers how the West views the Japanese as an ideologically different 'other', and proposes a cultural theory of stereotypes from which to explore Western observations of the Japanese. The book explores Western socio-cultural representations of the Japanese alongside Edward Said's well-known theory of Orientalism. It examines the West's intercultural relationship with Japan, and how this has changed over time, to show how the Japanese have been represented in the Western mind throughout history, to the present day. Hinton argues that our view of other cultures is based on our own cultural expectations, which involve complex issues of meaning making and perceived cultural differences. This book foregrounds this research through accounts of Westerners about the Japanese, to reveal how cultural representations can influence the ways in which people from different cultures communicate in interaction, and how intercultural understanding or misunderstanding can arise. By reflecting on the changing Western representations of the Japanese, and how and why these have emerged, this book will be of interest to students, academics, and general readers interested in stereotypes, cultural psychology, intercultural communication, and Japanese culture and history.

Focussing on the problems of change and resistance to change that mark the African sub-continent, this book examines Africa's place in the world from earliest times. It considers the nature of its peoples in their prehistoric development, the ways in which their cultures were oriented, and the ways in which these cultures guided their reactions to European ideas. It also assesses the human responses to industrial, technological and economic changes and the re-discovery by the Africans of African culture. Originally published in 1962.