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Since the foundations of international cataloguing standards were laid in 1971, a host of unforeseen factors have had a dramatic impact on libraries, forcing them to rethink their cataloguing policy.

The automated processing of bibliographic data has become commonplace, while new modes of electronic publishing are developed every day. The rise of databases compiled on an international scale raises the problem of how to create codes and systems capable of being used in all countries concerned. Finally, financial pressures have forced many libraries to do more "minimal level" cataloguing to keep pace with the growth of publishing output.

Adopting a user-focused approach, this study systematically defines what information library patrons and staff, publishers, distributors, and retailers expect to find. The wide range of contexts in which data is used -- from purchasing, cataloguing, and interlibrary loan to reference and preservation -- receives careful consideration.

The model set forth here will serve as a welcome starting point to those charged with designing cataloguing codes and systems to suit our constantly evolving information environment.

The world has comparatively little knowledge of the Republic of Korea, and only in recent years has the West acquired a knowledge of Korean society and culture. So too, Korean librarianship has been a largely obscure topic. There has been little previous effort to inform the international library community about libraries and librarianship in Korea, and even interested scholars have had trouble obtaining information. This book is the first informative, comprehensive guide to the topic. The volume describes the present state of library development and library services available at the various types of libraries in the Republic of Korea, along with the historical backgrounds of the country and librarianship. Also included are discussions of the activities related to bibliographic control, professional associations and training, and library automation. By examining the operations of some representative libraries, the book further demonstrates how Korean librarianship is a mix of American librarianship and Chinese and Japanese cultural influences.

This is an edited volume based on the 2007 Conference on Metadata and Semantics Research (MTSR), now in its second meeting. Metadata research is a pluri-disciplinary field that encompasses all aspects of the definition, creation, assessment, management and use of metadata. The volume brings together world class leaders to contribute their research and up-to-date information on metadata and semantics applied to library management, e-commerce, e-business, information science and librarianship, to name a few. The book is designed for a professional audience composed of researchers and practitioners in industry.

Using Subject Headings for Online Retrieval is an indispensable tool for online system designers who are developing new systems or refining existing ones. The book describes subject analysis and subject searching in online catalogs, including the limitations of retrieval, and demonstrates how such limitations can be overcome through system design and programming. The book describes the Library of Congress Subject Headings system and system characteristics, shows how information is stored in machine-readable files, and offers examples of and recommendations for successful retrieval methods. Tables are included to support these recommendations, and diagrams, graphs, and bar charts are used to provide results of data analysis. Practitioners in institutions using or considering the installation of an online catalog will refer to this book often to generate specifications. Researchers in library systems, information retrieval, and user behavior will appreciate the book's detailing of the results of an extensive, empirical study of the subject terms entered into online systems by end users. Using Subject Headings for Online Retrieval also addresses the needs of advanced students in library schools and instructors in library automation, information retrieval, cataloging, indexing, and user behavior.

This unique publication provides a thesaurus of all Library of Congress sub-Saharan African subject headings ever published, including classification numbers for most subject headings and cross-references from related or unused versions of a heading. Thus it provides a valuable easy-to-use thesaurus for those doing library research and online searches in African Studies. The volume covers the 41 countries that make up Africa south of the Sahara and the islands of Cape Verde, the Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Reunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome Principe, and the Seychelles. It consists of some 4,000 subject headings, including the names of over 600 African peoples and nearly 600 African languages. In addition to the cross-references from unused synonyms and references to broader, related, and narrower terms that are found in Library of Congress Subject Headings, Otchere has added hundreds more to help the user more easily locate the desired term.

Provides a classified collection of sample notes for use on catalog cards which will help catalogers phrase quickly and keep relative consistency in expression.

Taxonomy for the Technology Domain suggests a new classification system that includes literacy, collaboration, decision-making, infusion, integration, and technology. As with most taxonomies, each step offers a progressively more sophisticated level of complexity by constructing increasingly multifaceted objectives addressing increasingly complex student learning outcomes. ""Taxonomy for the Technology Domain"" affects all aspects of how technology is used in elementary and secondary classrooms, corporate training rooms, and higher education classrooms.

Metadata best practices and guidelines function as an essential mechanism for metadata planning, application and management, and interoperability. There has been a rapidly growing body of digital repositories and collections; accordingly, a wide range of digital projects and initiatives have adopted various metadata standards. Because of differences in the formats and knowledge domains of the resources, it is inevitable that these digital projects and initiatives may have different needs regarding metadata. Therefore, when a metadata standard is adopted in various institutions and organizations, it may have to be modified to reflect the community needs and characteristics of given resources. The flexibility and complex structure of natural language allow for the representation of a concept in various ways. Thus, common understanding and definitions of terms in a given metadata standard is essential for quality metadata generation, management, interoperability and resource sharing. This opens up a pressing need for a systematic examination of documentation practices, an area that up to now has been relatively unexplored. This book begins to fill the research gap through an empirical assessment of metadata guidelines and best practices. This is a book published as a special issue of the Journal of Library Metadata.

Written by some of the most experienced practitioners and managers in the field of cataloging, this collection examines cooperative cataloging activities in its many forms. Containing both case studies and research studies, as well as opinion pieces, it explores the benefits and cost-effectiveness of cooperative cataloging programs such as the OCLC Enhance program, and Program for Cooperative Cataloging programs such as BIBCO, CONSER, NACO, and SACO. It also provides an introduction to less well-known cooperative efforts such as the Library of Congress National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections (NUCMC) and the ISSN Register. Cooperative cataloging efforts offer creative opportunities for managers and administrators as they attempt to provide effective intellectual access to the rapidly increasing number of publications acquired by our libraries. This book will help such professionals to evaluate the effectiveness of cooperative efforts and apply them in their own unique circumstances.

This book was published as a special issue in Cataloging & Classification Quarterly.

Searching through a resource collection for a particular type of visual image yields little more than frustration if the user lacks the knowledge of the specialized concepts that are the key to the collection's system of classification. With Karen Markey's innovative approach to subject searching, however, users will be able to translate an inquiry for a particular type of visual image into the appropriate symbolic theme or concept and will easily access any type of visual resource collection. Based on Erwin Panofsky's work on meaning in the visual arts and the author's study of users of iconographical research collections, this volume offers a step-by-step method of describing subject content in visual images. Markey's model will enable museums, libraries, and art galleries to upgrade their services significantly.

Living legend Smiraglia has written the first book devoted exclusively to exploring the concept that is commonly referred to as a bibliographic "Work." In bringing together material from both inside and outside the discipline of information studies, he traces the continuing development of catalogs, search engines, and other kinds of information retrieval tools, the better to understand the maze of editions and revisions and translations that make up the evolution of a Work. Two appendixes contain charts demonstrating the evolution of concepts and definitions of a Work; a third contains a summary of the sampling technique employed to generate the data in chapter 5 "Defining the Work in Quantatative Terms" and chapter 6 "The Constitution of Bibliographic Families."

"Indexing: The Manual of Good Practice" covers all aspects of whole document indexing of books, serial publications, images and sound materials. The book gives the purpose and principles of indexing, and covers areas such as managing the work, technology and other subject specialisations. The manual takes the reader through the basic principles of indexing on to expert approaches, and therefore has a broad appeal for both indexers and prospective indexers whether freelance or in-house. Contents include: What to index; Forming the index entries; Editing the text; Presentation and layout; Indexing serial publications; Images and audio materials; Electronic media; Managing the work; Technology; Reading lists; Useful addresses.

"Indexing: The Manual of Good Practice" is an invaluable aid for practising indexes, librarians, students and lecturers on LIS courses with an indexing module, people who want a career in indexing, authors, archivists and record managers.

Can the Dewey Decimal System meet the needs of the rapidly changing information environment? Moving Beyond the Presentation Layer explores the Dewey Decimal System from a variety of perspectives, each of which peels away a bit of the presentation layerthe familiar linear notational sequence-to reveal the content and context offered by the DDS. Library professionals from around the word examine how the content and context offered by the DDS can evolve to meet the needs of the changing information environment, with a special focus on the impact of the Internet on current and future developments. Moving Beyond the Presentation Layer examines whether the Dewey Decimal System is a rigid structure best suited to a physical information environment or a polymorphic one that can be adapted to meet a variety of physical and virtual needs. This unique book reviews the 40-year history of the online use of classification systems, the development of the Relative Index over 22 editions of the DDC, recommendations to ensure the viability of the DDC in a time of mass digitization, using DDS in an environment where it hasn't been used before, teaching the DDS, special issues related to the use of the DDS in Europe, North America, and Africa, and the future of online classification. Topics examined in Moving Beyond the Presentation Layer include: using the DDC as the browsing mechanism for resource discovery classification as an online cataloging tool classification as an online end-user tool browser behavior in a DDC-based Web service the role of the DDS in the ongoing HILT (High-Level Thesaurus) project using the DDS to organize Web resources localization and interoperability in knowledge organization mapping terminologies to classification systems the DeweyBrowser and much more Moving Beyond the Presentation Layer is an essential professional resource for librarians, information scientists, computer scientists, and metadata and Web services specialists.

Discover the history, development, and use of EAD, EAC, and EAG Encoding Across Frontiers is a careful selection of the finest presentations from the European Conference on Encoded Archival Description and Context (EAD and EAC) held in Paris, France in October 2004. International experts explore the history and practical use of EAD in Europe, the development and future of EAC, and a data format for information about archive holders, Encoded Archival Guide (EAG). Archivists will learn the latest in technology, practical applications, and international perspectives on how to transcend the printed word. Archivists have long imagined the practical benefits of using advanced technologies in their work. Encoding Across Frontiers is a detailed look at the technologies that have been transforming archival description, revealing a future that travels beyond the limits of traditional media. Respected authorities discuss ways to use technology to bring information to a wider audience through online services, standardization of data, the development and use of EAD, the issues in EAD implementation, case studies of implementation from France and the United Kingdom, the need to structure contextual information to allow access to archival material, and funding issues. Topics in Encoding Across Frontiers include: the history, use, and spread of EAD in Europe development of standards for describing archive creators and archive holdersand the tool called Encoded Archival Guide (EAG) a case study of the Bodleian Library's conversion to EAD the status of training for archivists in the use of EAD an examination of MidosaXML in Germany as a pilot application and tool the BASYS-Fox system and the scope of EAD in the Bundesarchiv EAD's capabilities as a tool for information created by different professional communities the sharing of descriptive standards between public archives and private collections a case study of the Metrica Regni Project in Poland four projects providing EAD users the means to control the quality of archival finding tools the Archives Departementales de la Cote-d'Or's decision to use a simple and efficient software package to publish online archival descriptions and the library catalogue a discussion of three different online services that provide federated access to finding aids in the United Kingdom the influence of American and European practices on EAD the relationship of EAD and EAC as data formats to national and international content standards the SIASFI Project and the Online Guide to the State Archives of Florence EAC and the development of national and European gateways to archives and so much more Encoding Across Frontiers is crucial reading for every archive professional at any level, archive students in training, and any allied library and museum professional with an interest in EAD, EAC, and EAG.

The purpose of authority control is to ensure consistency in representing a value - a name of a person, a place name, or a term or code representing a subject - in the elements used as access points in information retrieval. The primary purpose of this study is to produce a framework that will provide a clearly stated and commonly shared understanding of what the subject authority data/record/file aims to provide information about, and the expectation of what such data should achieve in terms of answering user needs.

Find out what makes metadata an exciting addition to resource description Metadata: A Cataloger's Primer provides catalog librarians and students with a comprehensive instructional resource on the ongoing convergence of cataloging and metadata. Equally valuable in the classroom and as a professional reference tool, this unique book serves as an introduction to the concepts of metadata within bibliographic contexts, demonstrating the potential for resource description. The book introduces various metadata schemes, including the Dublin Core, Encoded Archival Description (EAD), and Extensive Markup Language (XML), and discusses how to plan and implement a metadata-driven digital library. Metadata: A Cataloger's Primer is more than a mere introduction to metadata applications and management. The book's contributors present basic operational definitions, an outline of the evolution of metadata in the cataloging community, and a discussion of basic metadata techniques, calling on hard-earned knowledge gained from their experiences as educators working in cataloging and metadata applications. They provide work forms, work plans, and practical examples that demonstrate the application of metadata for resource description and depository development. Metadata: A Cataloger's Primer examines: data structures MODAL (metadata objectives and principles, domains, and architectural layout) framework literary displacement knowledge domains discourse communities information ecologies personal metadata electronic resources authorship attributes cultural information resources instantiation data modeling DTD (document type definition) digital libraries and much more! Metadata: A Cataloger's Primer is an invaluable learning resource filled with introductory and theoretical material, original research, and instructive material for cataloging librarians and students.

Find out what makes metadata an exciting addition to resource description Metadata: A Cataloger's Primer provides catalog librarians and students with a comprehensive instructional resource on the ongoing convergence of cataloging and metadata. Equally valuable in the classroom and as a professional reference tool, this unique book serves as an introduction to the concepts of metadata within bibliographic contexts, demonstrating the potential for resource description. The book introduces various metadata schemes, including the Dublin Core, Encoded Archival Description (EAD), and Extensive Markup Language (XML), and discusses how to plan and implement a metadata-driven digital library. Metadata: A Cataloger's Primer is more than a mere introduction to metadata applications and management. The book's contributors present basic operational definitions, an outline of the evolution of metadata in the cataloging community, and a discussion of basic metadata techniques, calling on hard-earned knowledge gained from their experiences as educators working in cataloging and metadata applications. They provide work forms, work plans, and practical examples that demonstrate the application of metadata for resource description and depository development. Metadata: A Cataloger's Primer examines: data structures MODAL (metadata objectives and principles, domains, and architectural layout) framework literary displacement knowledge domains discourse communities information ecologies personal metadata electronic resources authorship attributes cultural information resources instantiation data modeling DTD (document type definition) digital libraries and much more! Metadata: A Cataloger's Primer is an invaluable learning resource filled with introductory and theoretical material, original research, and instructive material for cataloging librarians and students.

Everything you need to know about serials librarianshipin one handy volume! For library science students and library professionals, Introduction to Serials Work for Library Technicians is a practical, how-to-do-it text that shows you how to perform the behind-the-scenes tasks your job requires. This primer walks you through the entire process of serials management for both larger libraries with automated serials management systems as well as small school and public libraries that must handle their serials manually. From an introduction to serials work to the latest in technology for archiving, this book will ensure that your library customers are not inconvenienced by inaccuracies or inefficient organization. Introduction to Serials Work for Library Technicians will benefit anyone who handles serials in a library since it covers all aspects of serials: acquisitions, organization, check-ins, and cataloging. This book addresses the complications that occur working with a form of publication that can include any medium from newspapers to CD-Rom and can be published as often as every day or as infrequently as once a year. Difficulties include title changes, serial merges and splits, suspensions and cessations of publication, and changes in format, and this volume will show you how to find the solutions to these situations. Here's a sample of what is explored in this book: acquisitionshow to locate, find bibliographic information on, and verify the title of a desired serial orderingtypes of orders, new subscription orders, and back-ordering receivingchecking in serials, recording holdings information, using Kardex cards, and using an automated check-in system catalogingusing holding and union lists, creating and using online catalogues, and cataloguing standards and internet serials processingshelving policies, types of shelving, and how to shelve claims, binding, and renewals Intended primarily as a textbook for students in library sciences programs, this book will also serve very well as a general reference for experienced or novice library technicians or other staff members who find themselves managing serials or automating their system. The book's complete glossary, bibliography, numerous definitions, and tables, as well as the real-life examples throughout this manual will help you navigate the challenges of record-keeping, claiming, and cataloguing serials in any library.

Gain the skills necessary to catalog monographic sheet maps and map sets With an easily understood how-to format, this ready reference manual will introduce you to the basics of cataloging sheet maps on OCLC, using MARC 21 and ISBD standards and AACR2R. It will guide you through each area of the bibliographic record, focusing most specifically on the title and statement of responsibility, mathematical data, physical description, main entry, and notes areas. Approaching the subject from the perspective that maps are not that much more difficult to catalog than monographs, this book will familiarize you with the few fields unique to map cataloging as well as the fields that are common to monographs but simply used in a different way. This essential volume: describes the cataloging process as it relates to all parts of the record, including subject analysis, coding of fixed fields and OXX fields, and creating G-class call numbers provides an up-to-date list of map cataloging tools presents special chapters on cataloging historical sheet maps and special formats such as wall maps, map series or sets, and reproductions includes illustrations of bibliographic records, field-level examples, tables of information, and diagrams of maps to be used to highlight key concepts Ideal for the new or inexperienced maps cataloger, this volume will help you become comfortable and confident while working with sheet maps. It also puts you in touch with current reference sources and tools, both online and off.