This book, first published in 1933, shows the more common difficulties in constructing library entries for author single-entries with references, and author-entries with added entries. These basic principles of cataloguing practice offer valuable advice to the cataloguer of books.

An Emergent Theory of Digital Library Metadata is a reaction to the current digital library landscape that is being challenged with growing online collections and changing user expectations. The theory provides the conceptual underpinnings for a new approach which moves away from expert defined standardised metadata to a user driven approach with users as metadata co-creators. Moving away from definitive, authoritative, metadata to a system that reflects the diversity of users' terminologies, it changes the current focus on metadata simplicity and efficiency to one of metadata enriching, which is a continuous and evolving process of data linking. From predefined description to information conceptualised, contextualised and filtered at the point of delivery. By presenting this shift, this book provides a coherent structure in which future technological developments can be considered.

Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) is used by more libraries worldwide than any other controlled vocabulary system. Yet, many librarians and paraprofessional staff do not have any formal education or training in LCSH. They find themselves having to decipher or construct LCSH strings and don't know where to begin. Here's a resource that uses language non-catalogers can understand and provides hands-on, user-friendly training in LCSH. Here Karen Snow transfers her popular LCSH workshops and continuing education courses to book form for those who can't attend her courses. This book offers material on the basics of subject analysis, the importance of controlled vocabularies, and the main features and principles of LCSH. It explains and provides guidance on the application of LCSH. Library of Congress' instruction manual for LCSH, the Subject Headings Manual, is discussed at length. Several chapters concentrate on assigning LCSH to resources of a certain focus or genre: fiction works, biographical works (or works that focus heavily on a certain person or their works), and resources that emphasize a geographic location. A separate chapter on encoding subject information in the Machine-Readable Cataloging (MARC) standard will be particularly useful for library staff. Most chapters contain exercises (with answers at the end of the book) that test a reader's understanding of the chapter material and provide opportunities to practice applying LCSH and subdivisions.

Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) is used by more libraries worldwide than any other controlled vocabulary system. Yet, many librarians and paraprofessional staff do not have any formal education or training in LCSH. They find themselves having to decipher or construct LCSH strings and don't know where to begin. Here's a resource that uses language non-catalogers can understand and provides hands-on, user-friendly training in LCSH. Here Karen Snow transfers her popular LCSH workshops and continuing education courses to book form for those who can't attend her courses. This book offers material on the basics of subject analysis, the importance of controlled vocabularies, and the main features and principles of LCSH. It explains and provides guidance on the application of LCSH. Library of Congress' instruction manual for LCSH, the Subject Headings Manual, is discussed at length. Several chapters concentrate on assigning LCSH to resources of a certain focus or genre: fiction works, biographical works (or works that focus heavily on a certain person or their works), and resources that emphasize a geographic location. A separate chapter on encoding subject information in the Machine-Readable Cataloging (MARC) standard will be particularly useful for library staff. Most chapters contain exercises (with answers at the end of the book) that test a reader's understanding of the chapter material and provide opportunities to practice applying LCSH and subdivisions.

Automatic Indexing and Abstracting of Document Texts summarizes the latest techniques of automatic indexing and abstracting, and the results of their application. It also places the techniques in the context of the study of text, manual indexing and abstracting, and the use of the indexing descriptions and abstracts in systems that select documents or information from large collections. Important sections of the book consider the development of new techniques for indexing and abstracting. The techniques involve the following: using text grammars, learning of the themes of the texts including the identification of representative sentences or paragraphs by means of adequate cluster algorithms, and learning of classification patterns of texts. In addition, the book is an attempt to illuminate new avenues for future research. Automatic Indexing and Abstracting of Document Texts is an excellent reference for researchers and professionals working in the field of content management and information retrieval.

Classification now has to encompass 'non-physical' media such as the Internet, yet still ensure access to knowledge held in traditional physical forms on library shelves. What does this mean for the future, and can classification cope with the virtual library? Written by a group of internationally-known specialists, this book reassesses traditional classification principles and the extent to which they provide the right basis for modern information storage and retrieval. First posing the radical question of whether classification is still really necessary, the book proceeds by emphasizing the need for systematic knowledge organization, with two chapters concentrating on classification in relation to IT and the Internet. Later chapters re-examine how present systems - Dewey Decimal Classification, Universal Decimal Classification and Library of Congress Classification - are likely to adapt, and provide a wealth of information sources for investigating the subject further. The Future of Classification delves deep into what makes knowledge-seeking successful. Those studying information storage and retrieval, and managers wanting to improve retrieval methods on which their service depends should read it.

A Practical Guide to Library of Congress Classification is a hands-on introduction to LC Classification. The book examines each part of the LCC call number and how it is assembled and guides the reader through each step of finding and constructing LCC class numbers in Classification Web (the primary resource used to access LCC). Chapter coverage is complete: 1. Introduction 2. Library of Congress Classification in a Nutshell 3. Breaking Down the Library of Congress Call Number 4. Dates 5. Cutters 6. LCC in Classification Web 7. Basic LCC Call Number Building 8. Advanced Call Number Building 9. Classifying Fiction in LCC 10. Finding and using LCC Resources Exercises at the end of most chapters give readers immediate practice with what they just learned. Answers to the exercises are provided at the end of the book. By the end of the book readers will be able to build an LCC call number on their own.

Records Classification: Concepts, Principles and Methods: Information, Systems, Context introduces classification, an early part of the research lifecycle. Classification ensures systematic organization of documents and facilitates information retrieval. However, classification systems are not prevalent in records management when compared to their use in other information fields. This book views classification from the records management (RM) perspective by adopting a qualitative approach, with case studies, to gather data by means of interview and document content analysis. Current development of information systems do not take into account the concept of classification from a RM perspective. Such a model is required because the incorporation of information and communication technology (ICT) in managing records is inevitable. The concept of classification from an RM perspective ought to be extended to the ICT team to enable the development of a RM system not limited to storage and retrieval functions, but also with relation to disposal and preservation processes. This proposed model introduces function-based classification to ensure records are classified in context.

This fourth edition was prepared in 2015-2016 as a supplementary text for a graduate music cataloging course. This edition is rewritten to a large extent to conform to the new instructions and paradigms represented in Resource Description and Access (RDA). RDA instructions for printed music, recorded music and music video are accompanied by advice, examples, illustrations and complete catalog records, including versions in MARC21 format. Consistent with RDA, the chapter on form and choice of access points found in earlier editions is gone, replaced with a chapter on authorized access points. The concept of "uniform title" has evolved into the concept of the "preferred title," as part of an authorized access point, which might require manipulation and addition of some elements for disambiguation and collocation. Only three chapters are used for description of printed music, sound recordings and video recordings. Many of the older LP examples were removed as were VHS video recordings. Multimedia packages are now rare in the marketplace, but streaming audio and video are quite evident so examples now include those media. Facsimile examples from the third edition have been retained and many new examples have been added. Most catalogers today are using RDA in combination with MARC21. Accordingly, in an appendix, we have rendered each example in MARC21 format using the OCLC Connexion approach to MARC21 record formatting.A lengthy bibliography in earlier editions has been replaced by a brief list in the introduction, with pointers to online resources that are both current and constantly updated by working catalogers.

This fourth edition was prepared in 2015-2016 as a supplementary text for a graduate music cataloging course. This edition is rewritten to a large extent to conform to the new instructions and paradigms represented in Resource Description and Access (RDA). RDA instructions for printed music, recorded music and music video are accompanied by advice, examples, illustrations and complete catalog records, including versions in MARC21 format. Consistent with RDA, the chapter on form and choice of access points found in earlier editions is gone, replaced with a chapter on authorized access points. The concept of "uniform title" has evolved into the concept of the "preferred title," as part of an authorized access point, which might require manipulation and addition of some elements for disambiguation and collocation. Only three chapters are used for description of printed music, sound recordings and video recordings. Many of the older LP examples were removed as were VHS video recordings. Multimedia packages are now rare in the marketplace, but streaming audio and video are quite evident so examples now include those media. Facsimile examples from the third edition have been retained and many new examples have been added. Most catalogers today are using RDA in combination with MARC21. Accordingly, in an appendix, we have rendered each example in MARC21 format using the OCLC Connexion approach to MARC21 record formatting.A lengthy bibliography in earlier editions has been replaced by a brief list in the introduction, with pointers to online resources that are both current and constantly updated by working catalogers.

Library music materials require a more complex shelflisting approach than books in order to account for extremely prolific composers, works with generic titles, opus numbers, and thematic index numbers. Shelflisting Music provides clear, straightforward instructions and flowcharts to guide the cataloger through the process of shelflisting music-whether in score or recorded format-enabling anyone to produce call numbers that are consistent, accurate, and in accordance with standard Library of Congress "M" classification practices. After a brief explanation of the conceptual basis of music shelflisting, Richard P. Smiraglia brings together and clarifies shelflisting practices that are otherwise difficult to find or understand, providing concise and easy-to-follow instructions for assigning shelflist numbers. Smiraglia also includes a glossary of terms, as well as flowcharts to illustrate the process graphically. This small, easily accessible book can be kept by a computer workstation and consulted quickly for shelflisting guidance by anyone who catalogs music materials, from novices to experts.

Using Subject Headings for Online Retrieval is an indispensable tool for online system designers who are developing new systems or refining existing ones. The book describes subject analysis and subject searching in online catalogs, including the limitations of retrieval, and demonstrates how such limitations can be overcome through system design and programming. The book describes the Library of Congress Subject Headings system and system characteristics, shows how information is stored in machine-readable files, and offers examples of and recommendations for successful retrieval methods. Tables are included to support these recommendations, and diagrams, graphs, and bar charts are used to provide results of data analysis. Practitioners in institutions using or considering the installation of an online catalog will refer to this book often to generate specifications. Researchers in library systems, information retrieval, and user behavior will appreciate the book's detailing of the results of an extensive, empirical study of the subject terms entered into online systems by end users. Using Subject Headings for Online Retrieval also addresses the needs of advanced students in library schools and instructors in library automation, information retrieval, cataloging, indexing, and user behavior.

Innovative technologies are changing the way research is performed, preserved, and communicated. Managing Scientific Information and Research Data explores how these technologies are used and provides detailed analysis of the approaches and tools developed to manage scientific information and data. Following an introduction, the book is then divided into 15 chapters discussing the changes in scientific communication; new models of publishing and peer review; ethics in scientific communication; preservation of data; discovery tools; discipline-specific practices of researchers for gathering and using scientific information; academic social networks; bibliographic management tools; information literacy and the information needs of students and researchers; the involvement of academic libraries in eScience and the new opportunities it presents to librarians; and interviews with experts in scientific information and publishing.

Description: Innovative Practices for Archives and Special Collections explores how archives of different sizes and types can enhance the accessibility of their holdings. The book uses eleven case studies to demonstrate innovative ideas that could be transferred into many other settings. Case studies cover 1.Crowdsourcing the Description of Collections 2.Early Experiences with Implementing EAC-CPF 3.Conducting a Comprehensive Survey to Reveal a Hidden Repository 4.Getting a Diverse Backlog of Legacy Finding Aids Online 5.A Collaborative Standards-Based Approach to Creating Item-Level Metadata for Digitized Archival Materials 6.Creating Policies and Procedures for Mandatory Arrangement and Description by Records Creators 7.Collaboration in Cataloging: Sourcing Knowledge from Near and Far for a Challenging Collection 8.Using LibGuides to Rescue Paper Ephemera from the Bibliographic Underbrush 9.Describing Records, People, Organizations and Functions: The Empowering the User Project's Flexible Archival Catalogue 10.Integrating Born-Digital Materials into Regular Workflows 11.Describing Single Items for Discovery and Access These successful and innovative practices will help archivists and special collections librarians better describe their collections so that they can be successfully accessed and users can locate the right materials. Readers can use these as models, sources of inspiration, or starting points for new discussions. The volume will be useful to those working in archives and special collections as well as other cultural heritage organizations, and provides ideas ranging from those that require long-term planning and coordination to ones that could be immediately implemented. It also provides students and educators in archives, library, and public history graduate programs a resource for understanding the variety of ways materials are being described in the field today and the kinds of strategies archivists are using to ensure collections can be found by the people who want to use them.

Making the Move to RDA: A Self-Study Primer for Catalogers is aimed at catalogers working in the MARC environment who currently create records using AACR2 and need to transition to using the new standard, Resource Description and Access (RDA). Since both RDA s structure and content differ from AACR2 in many respects, this primer details the development and rationale for RDA as well as its intended goals, principles, and objectives. It then explains RDA s theoretical underpinnings collectively known as the FRBR Family of Models. Framing the text along these lines provides readers the context for understanding the similarities and differences between AACR2 and RDA, both in terms of content and structure. With this foundation in place, the book takes the reader on a survey of RDA elements used to describe bibliographic and authority records and demonstrates how the MARC code has been expanded to accommodate new elements. Finally, it leads the reader field-by-field through MARC bibliographic records for book and non-book resources as well as through authority records for works, expressions, persons, families, and corporate bodies, describing the similarities and differences between AACR2 and RDA for each field. Examples are provided throughout the text to help the reader visualize the concepts presented."

The need for new resources concerning the nature and function of bibliography is made plain by the dramatic effect of the computer upon information storage and retrieval. New tools ranging from online search services to CD-ROM and multimedia packages greatly expand the type of information present either in the home, school, or library. A guidebook detailing the resources available and basic standards of an enumerative or descriptive bibliography becomes an indispensable tool. This new edition of the Elements of Bibliography has been thoroughly overhauled, taking into account the impact of computer technology and new media practices. The book elucidates a practically useful history of the term bibliography and includes a historical survey of the creation of bibliographies. It also includes important tips on compiling enumerative and analytical bibliographies in light of new electronic resources, hints on using electronic sources to search out bibliographic material, suggestions for career opportunities in the fields related to bibliographic study, and a discussion of the future of bibliography in an age of increased 'electronic' literacy. Three appendixes include a list of abbreviations, a glossary of important terms, and descriptions of major bibliographic organizations.

In a library catalog, uniform titles function to bring together, under one unique heading, all variant manifestations of a musical work. They help to collocate various forms of music, such as printed music, sound recordings, arrangements, and translations, and aid in distinguishing between different musical works with similar or identical titles. Establishing music uniform titles may be the most complex and difficult aspect of music cataloging, even for the cataloger with a strong background in music. Uniform Titles for Music explains the concept and practice of uniform titles for musical works by a single composer and works of unknown or collective authorship, and it provides a step-by-step approach to establishing uniform titles. Michelle Koth explains the concept of a "type of composition," the process by which a title is determined to be generic or distinctive, and what further elements may be needed to uniquely identify a work represented by a uniform title. Several chapters are devoted to defining and explaining these further elements, such as medium of performance, identifying numbers, and key. The chapters closely follow the structure of Anglo American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd ed. (AACR2), Chapter 25, with some re-ordering to allow the reader to progress from generic uniform titles to distinctive titles. Three appendixes provide a list of composers' thematic index numbers, a comparison of uniform titles for music and Library of Congress subject headings, and a bibliography of resources for authority work. Uniform Titles for Music is aimed at all levels of music cataloger, from the fresh out of library school beginner to the experienced cataloger who wants a refresher.

Music catalogers have long considered the Music Cataloging Bulletin an indispensable tool. With this 10-year cumulative index and supplement, catalogers have a convenient, extensive subject index and a practical way to review changes to the classification schedules and subject headings made during the 1990s. This publication comprises the fifth cumulative index and supplement to the Music Cataloging Bulletin (MCB), a monthly publication of the Music Library Association. It covers the information contained in volumes 21-30 (1990-1999) and is in five sections, mirroring the organization of information in the Bulletin. The subject index section expands on the annual indexes to include entries for all names, committees, task forces, and publications, as well as cataloging and MARC tagging changes mentioned in the monthly issues, including the two years where no annual index was issued (1994 and 1999). The index identifies acronyms and abbreviations and places entries in their organizational hierarchy when appropriate. In the section containing the Library of Congress Classification additions and changes, each entry appears in its complete hierarchical context. A separate section covers additions, changes and cancellations to music-related Library of Congress Subject Headings, as reported in these issues of MCB. This section includes cross-references from a cancelled heading to its replacement. Additional sections include a list of all new reference work titles added to the Library of Congress' Music Section during this time period, and a compilation of changes or additions to thematic indexes used in formulating uniform titles for music, as reported by the Library of Congress.

Cataloguing and Classification introduces concepts and practices in cataloguing and classification, and common library standards. The book introduces and analyzes the principles and structures of library catalogues, including the application of AACR2, RDA, DDC, LCC, LCSH and MARC 21 standards, and conceptual models such as ISBD, FRBR and FRAD. The text also introduces DC, MODS, METS, EAD and VRA Core metadata schemes for annotating digital resources.

Due to the distinctive nature of music as a separate "language" that non-musicians are often unable to read or understand, the cataloging and classification of music materials frequently present special challenges. In response to this often problematic situation, this volume is designed to introduce the principles of music classification to beginning music catalogers, as well as to non-specialist catalogers, and those who only occasionally deal with music materials. It will surely relieve the stress level for general catalogers by providing practical guidelines as well as clarifying and explaining the most commonly used classification systems in the United States-the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), the Library of Congress Classification (LCC), and the Alpha-Numeric System for Classification of Recordings (ANSCR). Also included is a general historical overview of music classification, from early attempts to organize specific collections, to the efforts of Oscar Sonneck and others to adapt fundamental principles of classification to the distinctive characteristics of music materials; as well as a discussion of the special needs of the users of those materials.

Completely updated, with a new section on using the computer in the cataloging function, this new edition of a classic will be a welcome tool for the volunteer or paraprofessional in a small library. Covering the essentials in clear nontechnical language, Hoffman explains the how and why of arranging publications, the principles of cataloging (including description, main and added entries, analytics, the shelf list, cross references, and filing), and online records. Nearly 100 examples illustrate the cataloging practice. Why do you need a shelf list? What is an authority file? Easy to understand and practical, this gem illuminates the world of monographs, series, irregular serials, uniform titles, simple and complex subject headings, tracings, and location codes. Even the world of the small library is startlingly complex-Hoffman's guide will simplify it. Reviews of previous editions: "Hoffman's guide to simplified cataloging practice will be a great help...this handbook lays out the options of collection organization clearly and in everyday language." -Booklist "Because of its emphasis on fundamentals, rigorous reasoning, and its readable style, the book is also helpful for library school students as well as for practicing librarians." -Reference & Research Book News "...will provide its intended reader, the nonprofessional or volunteer in charge of a small library, with solid, well-organized information necessary to catalog a collection systematically." LRTS

Classification now has to encompass 'non-physical' media such as the Internet, yet still ensure access to knowledge held in traditional physical forms on library shelves. What does this mean for the future, and can classification cope with the virtual library? Written by a group of internationally-known specialists, this book reassesses traditional classification principles and the extent to which they provide the right basis for modern information storage and retrieval. First posing the radical question of whether classification is still really necessary, the book proceeds by emphasizing the need for systematic knowledge organization, with two chapters concentrating on classification in relation to IT and the Internet. Later chapters re-examine how present systems - Dewey Decimal Classification, Universal Decimal Classification and Library of Congress Classification - are likely to adapt, and provide a wealth of information sources for investigating the subject further. The Future of Classification delves deep into what makes knowledge-seeking successful. Those studying information storage and retrieval, and managers wanting to improve retrieval methods on which their service depends should read it.

This new and updated edition of the classification system embodies every effort to encompass the range of Jewish knowledge found in all kinds of published materials.

The first comprehensive theoretical treatise on Library of Congress subject headings, this important book provides an analysis of the Library of Congress subject heading system and its application. Library of Congress Subject Headings aims to help improve the clarity of the system, increase consistency and arrangement, increase the number of effective access points, facilitate the interaction of the system with the computer, and generally to make the Library of Congress subject heading system and its application of even greater value to the cataloger and the user. Practicing catalogers, library school personnel, advanced students, and any professional who is very knowledgeable about and seriously interested in Library of Congress subject headings will want to read this highly acclaimed volume.Author William Studwell includes theoretical, conceptual, and philosophical considerations based on 25 years of everyday practical cataloging and indexing work and the knowledge gained from theoretical research for the more than two dozen articles on subject cataloging that he has written in the last decade. He presents thought-provoking, often controversial material in three parts. The first section, "The System," deals with the basic philosophical foundations of LC subject headings. Thirty-two "principles"--guidelines and suggestions are offered along with detailed explanations, examples, and their relationships to other principles.The second section, "Application," focuses on the matters of subject cataloging practice, or interpretation and application of LC subject headings. The third section, "The Future," looks ahead to future issues relating to subject cataloging, such as the development ofa theoretical subject heading code, the interface of LC subject headings with the computer, and some speculation as to the role and nature of LC subject headings in the years to come.

Descriptive Metadata for Television is a comprehensive introduction for television professionals that need to understand metadata's purpose and technology. This easy-to-read book translates obscure technical to hands-on language understandable by real people.