This concise guide offers an accessible introduction to genes, fetal development and early brain development. It integrates insights from typical and atypical development to reveal fundamental aspects of human growth and development, and common developmental disorders. The topic books in this series draw on international research in the field and are informed by biological, social and cultural perspectives, offering explanations of developmental phenomena with a focus on how children and adolescents at different ages actually think, feel and act. In this succinct volume, Stephen von Tetzchner explains key topics including: Genetic inheritance, evolution, heredity and environment in individual differences, fetal development, prenatal stimulation, methods of studying the brain, brain development, early and later plasticity and brain organization and atypical development. Together with a companion website that offers topic-based quizzes, lecturer PowerPoint slides and sample essay questions, Typical and Atypical Child and Adolescent Development 2: Genes, Fetal Development and Early Neurological Development is an essential text for all students of developmental psychology, as well as those working in the fields of child development, developmental disabilities and special education.

A critical part of early childhood development is the development of "theory of mind" (ToM), which is the ability to take the perspective of another person. The main purpose of this book is to discuss and integrate findings from prominent research areas in developmental psychology that are typically studied in isolation, but are clearly related. Two examples are whether executive functions represent a precursor of ToM or whether ToM understanding predicts the development of executive functions, and to what extent children's level of verbal ability and their working memory are important predictors of performance on both executive functioning and ToM tasks. The chapters in this book give a detailed account of the major outcomes of this research. First, the state of the art concerning current understanding of the relevant constructs (working memory, ToM, executive functioning) and their developmental changes is presented, followed by chapters that deal with interactions among the core concepts. Its main focus ison theoretically important relationships among determinants of young children's cognitive development--considered to be "hot" issues in contemporary developmental psychology.
Based on presentations made at an international workshop, this book is divided into two parts. In the first part, five teams of researchers present theoretical analyses and overviews of empirical evidence regarding the core constructs of memory, executive functions, and ToM. The next part deals with the interplay among the core concepts outlined in Part I with developmental trends in the interaction.

Developmental Trauma offers a comprehensive introduction to the research findings that help us understand the effects on human development of early childhood trauma and adaptation to stress. It explains how DTD differs from PTSD and emerges from a toxic seed planted at the beginning of an individual's lifespan development. This important volume examines relational traumas and adverse childhood experiences, such as exposure to family and community violence, polyvictimization (multiple repeated childhood traumas), and disruptions to parent-child bonds, which lay the foundation for future relationships. The volume considers how DTD affects self-regulation capacities, identity development, self-esteem, and faith in oneself and others andincreases the likelihood of comorbidities including ADHD and autism spectrum disorders. Individuals with indications of developmental trauma face lifelong challenges in their ability to develop and maintain trusting relationships, to build and utilize healthy coping strategies, and to adjust to school and, eventually, the workplaceUniquely, Daniel Cruz goes beyond individual levels of analysis that focus almost exclusively on patients and explores toxic stress embedded in social systems and institutional policies and procedures that cause individuals to suffer, experience psychiatric and medical problems, and that lead to social and economic adversities such as poverty, homelessness, and involvement in criminal activity. Key topics explored include institutional betrayal, such as sexual assaults and workplace bullying, and judicial betrayal when failures from the legal system do not adequately protect victims of trauma, for example in cases of domestic violence. Developmental Trauma is for students of child and adolescent psychology, developmental psychology, clinical psychology, primary care and health psychology, education, social work, and urban studies. It is relevant for graduate students in applied fields such as clinical and counseling psychology, and those working with diverse children, and public health and policy.

This vital, sensitive guide explains the serious issues children face online and how they are impacted by them on a developmental, neurological, social, mental health and wellbeing level. Covering technologies used by children aged two through to adulthood, it offers parents and professionals clear, evidence-based information about online harms and their effects and what they can do to support their child should they see, hear or bear witness to these events online. Catherine Knibbs, specialist advisor in the field, explains the issues involved when using online platforms and devices in family, social and educational settings. Examined in as non-traumatising a way as possible, the book covers key topics including cyberbullying; cyberstalking; pornography; online grooming; sexting; live streaming; vigilantism; suicide and self-harm; trolling and e-harassment; bantz, doxing and social media hacking; dares, trends and life-threatening activities; information and misinformation; and psychological games. It also explores the complex overlap of offline and online worlds in children and young people’s lives. Offering guidance and proactive and reactive strategies based in neuroscience and child development, it reveals how e-safety is not one size fits all and must consider individual children’s and families’ vulnerabilities. Online Harms and Cybertrauma will equip professionals and parents with the knowledge to support their work and direct conversations about the online harms that children and young people face. It is essential reading for those training and working with children in psychological, educational and social work contexts, as well as parents, policy makers and those involved in development of online technologies.

Don't let your own reaction to stress negatively affect the children in your care! With new evidence indicating that undesirable stress is likely to have its roots in childhood, Childhood Stress in Contemporary Society is a much-needed resource for anyone who works with children. An authority in the field of stress education, Dr. James Humphrey offers an easy-to-read text on what stress is, how it affects children as opposed to adults, and how to take back control when stress becomes overwhelming. Whether a parent, caretaker, counselor, or teacher, this book will provide you with a better understanding of stress and several methods for helping children cope on a daily basis. Childhood Stress in Contemporary Society provides readers with an extensive exploration of the definition of stress, from basic terminology to the causes and effects of stress in the daily lives of children and adults. This book will teach you how to better deal with stress in your own life and how to share that knowledge with children. Dr. Humphrey walks you step-by-step through a variety of techniques, exercises, and games that improve a child's self-image and the confidence necessary to contend with stressful situations. This book will help you: spot irregular behavior in children usually associated with poor stress management help children understand and respond more appropriately to stressors work with children with special needs who have additional stress due to their afflictions alleviate or reduce stressors at home and in school provide the appropriate level of physical activity to children to decrease tension utilize relaxation techniques, such as meditation and biofeedback, to alleviate stress Rich with interviews, surveys, and case studies focusing on children and caretakers, Childhood Stress in Contemporary Society is an important manual for helping children in today's hectic culture. Recent discoveries indicate that children who associate with adults under stress are very likely to become stress-ridden themselves; children supervised by adults who do not cope well with stress can adopt this same inability to cope. Therefore, this book is vital for those adults who are involved with the well-being of children.

For young children, two of the most important tasks they face are learning how to communicate and learning how to think about themselves and the social world around them. The premise of this book is that these two tasks are inherently linked. The communicative routines and language that children learn enable new modes of cognition, which in turn allow for more complex social interactions. The model of early child development that emerges is one in which equal importance is given to the socio-cultural context in which children are developing, and to the role played by children in actively constructing their own knowledge. Each of the chapters in this volume examines a unique aspect of this interplay between children's cognitive development and their social interactions. This book is organized into four thematic sections, each introduced by an integrative overview. The first section, Language and Cognition, examines the function of language in young children's lives. The second section, Intentionality and Communication, explores young children's understanding of intentions and their verbal and non-verbal communication. developments in cognitive and communicative skills transform children's participation in the process of teaching and learning. The final section, Narrative and Autobiographical Memory, looks at the effects of narrative on young children's understanding of themselves and their world. This book will be of great interest to anyone concerned with young children's learning and development, including developmental psychologists and educators. Each contributor is a leading researcher in developmental or educational psychology.

As the Baby Boomer cohort moves from middle to later adulthood, it is likely this generation will redefine what it means to age. Growing older will no longer be synonymous with loss and decline. In fact, it is true that the majority of older adults today live fulfilling lives. This special issue discusses ways in which older adults can age successfully--that is--how individuals can maintain their physical and cognitive health, as well as maintain a healthy engagement with life. Also addressed are the universal challenges faced by older adults in their pursuit to age successfully. The objective of this collection is to serve as a stimulus to future research on aging and change in the later years of life. It presents an outstanding array of articles that cover a range of central issues in this area of study. Each author provides a unique insight into the mystery and challenge that awaits us all: the ability to age successfully.

* Uniquely offers systematic, all-inclusive, comprehensive, detailed coverage that brings together psycholinguistics and SLA in their full breadth, empirical and theoretical. Competing handbooks focus on SLA, psycholinguistics, or bilingualism, while discussing the other field in part - but do not unite these areas with a psycholinguistic perspective on themes and topics in SLA the way this volume does, nor do they have the depth and breadth of this volume. It also takes a forward-looking approach to new contexts and applications of psycholinguistics in SLA, and sets the stage for future research. * Represents formal, functional, applied, educational, and methodological perspectives on SLA. The methods chapters are uniquely related to the content chapters, so that readers can identify the suitability and applicability of a method to research areas in SLA. * A unique reference for advanced students and scholars/researchers from a wide array of subjects who are highly interested in psycholinguistics and language learning/acquisition, evident in the journals publishing work in this area and proliferation of conferences: second language acquisition, applied linguistics, psycholinguistics, bilingualism/multilingualism, neurolinguistics, cognitive science, psychology, education, and educational linguistics. * Provides guidance both to newcomers and more experienced researchers in the field who turn to psycholinguistic methods to address their research questions. This handbook fills a gap in the market and will appeal to a broad audience of researchers and (graduate) students in the expanding fields of bilingualism, multilingualism, and SLA.

"The Biological and Social Determinants of Child Development" stimulates cross-disciplinary communication and research collaboration in the field of child development. While the papers in this issue seem diverse in terms of topic and discipline, there are a number of common themes:
*critical period for brain development and the importance of specific environmental input during this period;
*importance of early brain development and enriched environments is supported in articles describing findings from human studies;
*potential for brain plasticity following specialized retraining is found in a compelling paper demonstrating different profiles of brain activation for normal readers vs. those who have dyslexia and younger children at high risk for development of reading disabilities; and
*critical period, brain plasticity, and parallel changes in developing behavior and brain structure and functioning.
As a number of papers in this issue describe potential interventions, one is relevant because it describes the numerous factors that make results of such studies have the potential to generalize to larger populations. Putting the described papers in a broad perspective, the last article argues that we cannot understand the health status of a society without understanding the health-determining influences across the life course.

Adolescent Forensic Psychiatry discusses a broad range of issues based around the psychiatric needs of adolescents and how these relate to offending behavior. Its well-structured approach looks at assessment, treatment, and outcomes for different disorders and highlights the importance of effective interaction between specialist agencies. Services supporting the assessment and treatment of children and young people within forensic mental health services are influenced by professionals in many areas; therefore, the book includes contributions by authors from a wide range of disciplines and specialties in order to cover every aspect of the field.
Adolescent Forensic Psychiatry examines the key influences that shape young people's attitudes and behavior and shows the association between different offending behavior patterns and psychiatric disorders. It includes a section on future strategies, including politics, service provision, and the impact of research. This book will be of special interest to people working with children and young people in secure care, and to those working with all looked-after children. It will be of value to all those involved in the development of the needs of children and adolescents within educational, social, mental health and criminal justice services.

This book explains how people can be radically manipulated by extreme groups and leaders to engage in incomprehensible and often dangerous acts through psychologically isolating situations of extreme social influence. These methods are used in totalitarian states, terrorist groups and cults, as well as in controlling personal relationships. Illustrated with compelling stories from a range of cults and totalitarian systems, Stein's book defines and analyses the common identifiable traits that underlie these groups, emphasizing the importance of maintaining open yet supportive personal networks. Using original attachment theory-based research this book highlights the dangers of closed, isolating relationships and the closed belief systems that justify them, and demonstrates the psychological impact of these environments, ending with evidence-based recommendations to support an educational approach to awareness and prevention. Featuring a foreword by John Horgan, the new edition has been fully updated to include recent work on political extremism and radicalization and totalitarian systems, as well as the recent highly publicized NXIVM case. Terror, Love and Brainwashing, second edition is essential reading for professionals, policy makers, legal professionals, educators and cult survivors and their families themselves.

Karl Koenig, the founder of Camphill, was a prolific lecturer and writer on a wide range of subjects from anthroposophy and Christology through social questions and curative education to science and history. The Karl Koenig Archive are working on a programme of publishing these works over the coming years. This is the fourth book to be published in the series. In this remarkable collection of Karl Koenig's letters and essays, Koenig considers and discusses the fundamentals of special needs education. He shows that there are three core aspects to a successful holistic education and healing approach: firstly, a positive social environment, which in the context of Camphill is achieved through small family units of carers and children; secondly, that carers' work is based on an insightful understanding of the nature and potential of each individual child and disability; and thirdly that medical treatment is imbued with courage to keep believing that the impossible is possible.

This book places child art within the broader context of children's creative intelligence and intrinsic motivation to invent a pictorial world. It examines the development of drawing and painting from several currently dominant theoretical perspectives. This is followed by an extensive examination of empirical data on the art work of children who are ordinary, talented, emotionally disturbed, and atypically developed due to mental disability or autism. The Child's Creation of a Pictorial World uses a developmental framework that combines theoretical sophistication with rigorous empirical investigations into the mental processes that underlie the child's drawings. It delineates the evolution of forms, the pictorial differentiation of figures and their spatial relations, the role of color in narrative descriptions, and its expressive function. Artistic development across all these dimensions is seen as a meaningful mental activity that serves cognitive, affective, and aesthetic functions.

The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Individual Differences provides a thorough, in-depth discussion of the theory, research, and pedagogy pertaining to the role individual difference (ID) factors play in second language acquisition (SLA). It goes beyond the traditional repertoire and includes 32 chapters covering a full spectrum of topics on learners' cognitive, conative, affective, and demographic/sociocultural variation. The volume examines IDs from two perspectives: one is how each ID variable is associated with learning behaviors, processes, and outcomes; the other is how each domain of SLA, such as vocabulary or reading, is affected by clusters of ID variables. The volume also includes a section on the common methods used in ID research, including data elicitation instruments such as surveys, interviews, and psychometric testing, as well as methods of data analysis such as structural equation modeling. The book is a must-read for any second language researcher or applied linguist interested in investigating the effects of IDs on language learning, and for any educator interested in taking account of learners' individual differences to maximize the effects of second language instruction.

Co-ordination of movement plays a key role in human development and is an active area in sport and health sciences. This book looks in detail at how children develop basic skills, such as walking and reaching for objects, and more complex skills, such as throwing and catching a ball accurately or riding a bicycle.

Development of Movement Co-ordination in Children is informed by five major theoretical perspectives - neural maturation, information-processing, direct perception, dynamic systems and constraint theory - and these theories are explained in an introductory chapter.

The international contributions are then brought together under the headings of ergonomics, health sciences and sport. Focusing on practical applications, individual chapters cover many different aspects of movement behaviour and development, ranging from children's overestimation of their physical abilities and the links to injury proneness to the co-ordination of kicking techniques. Both normal and abnormal development is considered.

Development of Movement Co-ordination in Children will be of considerable interest to students, teachers and professionals in the fields of sport science, kinesiology, physical education, ergonomics and developmental psychology.

Pointing has captured the interest of scholars from various fields who study communication. However, ideas and findings have been scattered across diverse publications in different disciplines, and opportunities for interdisciplinary exchange have been very limited. The editor's aim is to provide an arena for such exchange by bringing together papers on pointing gestures from disciplines, such as developmental psychology, psycholinguistics, sign-language linguistics, linguistic anthropology, conversational analysis, and primatology.
Questions raised by the editors include:
*Do chimpanzees produce and comprehend pointing gestures in the same way as humans?
*What are cross-cultural variations of pointing gestures?
*In what sense are pointing gestures human universal?
*What is the relationship between the development of pointing and language in children?
*What linguistic roles do pointing gestures play in signed language?
*Why do speakers sometimes point to seemingly empty space in front of them during conversation?
*How do pointing gestures contribute to the unfolding of face-to-face interaction that involves objects in the environment?
*What are the semiotic processes that relate what is pointed at and what is actually "meant" by the pointing gesture (the relationship between the two are often not as simple as one might think)?
*Do pointing gestures facilitate the production of accompanying speech?
The volume can be used as a required text in a course on gestural communication with multidisciplinary perspectives. It can also be used as a supplemental text in an advanced undergraduate or graduate course on interpersonal communication, cross-cultural communication, language development, and psychology of language.

The field of child and adolescent psychotherapy is still relatively young and its short history has resulted in a paucity of mental health services for this neglected group. There is a distinct lack of research, evidence and treatment facilities, and yet in order to produce mentally healthy, undamaged adults of the future, this must surely be one area to concentrate resources on. The Cassel Hospital, and this book in particular, seek to redress the balance, and consequently, the chapters in this book follow a diverse path, on subjects ranging from Munchhausen Syndrome by proxy, to abuse within the home, relations within families and borderline adolescents. Various clinical cases are described in this much-needed volume that invites the reader to experience and learn from the life in a hospital that is often seen as the "last resort" of treatment for many children and adolescents. The Internal and External Worlds of Children and Adolescents provides a thoughtful perspective on mental health services for one of the most neglected groups in society - our children and adolescents.

"This book is primarily about the ways in which psychoanalytically informed social work set out to help troubled children in the middle decades of the previous century. As such it represents an invaluable historical record. But I believe it has much wider contemporary relevance and resonance. Pointing backwards to the rediscovery of lost values, it also has significant links with the very cutting edge of twenty-first century social care." - From the Foreword by Jeremy Holmes, Visiting Professor, Psychoanalysis Unit University College London, and Honorary Consultant Psychotherapist, Tavistock ClinicThis book presents the life and work of one of the leading British social workers of the 20th century. The wife of Donald Winnicott, an analyst of Melanie Klein, a wartime innovator in helping evacuated children, a teacher and mentor to a generation of British social workers and a gifted psychoanalyst, Clare Winnicott's life encompassed a remarkable richness of relationships and accomplishments. As well as documenting Clare Winnicott's life and career, this book also contains valuable and pragmatic career strategies for assisting parents and other care-givers in the difficult challenge of creating and sustaining facilitating environments for troubled children.

Written in a clear and accessible style, this book presents a wealth of practical information to guide the next generation of educational and developmental psychologists in Australia and New Zealand in pursuing a career in the field. There are over 800 educational and developmental psychologists in Australia, and over 200 educational psychologists in New Zealand, who represent a diverse workforce. Pathways to becoming an educational and developmental psychologist have seen rapid shifts with updated key competencies that prospective educational and developmental psychologists need to be aware of. This book gives the reader a comprehensive understanding of what makes an educational and developmental psychologist and outlines seven steps required to become an endorsed educational and developmental psychologist. Specifically, it offers guidance on understanding the role and its history, tertiary study requirements, registration requirements, professional competencies, skills and attributes needed, work experience, professional associations and member groups, endorsement and supervision requirements, finding work, and starting work. With a primary focus on Australia, each chapter also features a section on the career in New Zealand, with a variety of psychologists sharing their expertise and reflections from their experiences in New Zealand. This resource is essential reading for students, provisional psychologists, and practising psychologists. At the same time, it provides insights for other educational and health professionals who may work multi-, inter-, or transdisciplinary with educational and developmental psychologists.

'I wish I had had not had to write this book because then my lovely son Reuben would still be alive,' says David Cohen. 'He was adorable, formidably intelligent, a loving son, a loving brother. He died far too young. He had the bad luck to have two grandparents who had addictive personalities. His efforts to resist the lure of drugs failed. And so did I.' The Book of My Son Reuben is a personal account of how psychologist David Cohen coped - and did not cope - with the death of his son, Reuben. Offering a unique perspective on the experience of parental loss, it offers a personal and analytical exploration of sorrow and guilt, and of what research tells us about trauma and grief. Illustrated throughout with David Cohen's personal insight into how he continues to navigate his loss, this honest book provides deeper understanding of loss for parents who have experienced it, as well as those who support them. The book remembers the many parents who have lost children throughout history and chapters weave personal perspectives with the latest research. It examines the experience of sudden deaths, the failures of society in preventing children from dying, the role of social media, how the loss of a child impacts fathers, siblings and relationships, and the usefulness - and not - of bereavement therapies. A tribute to Reuben's life, this sensitive volume is for those who have experienced loss and want to gain better understanding of their experience, as well as psychologists, psychotherapists and counsellors working with families.

The Classic Edition of Promoting Positive Parenting illuminates the widespread success of the Video-feedback Intervention to promote Positive Parenting and Sensitive Discipline (VIPP-SD), now used in many countries, offering thousands of families the support they need to thrive. A new preface from the authors reflects on the original research and development of the program, considers its effectiveness, and outlines future aims to broaden implementation and test new modalities. The original volume offers a new generation of students and professionals an introduction to the brief and focused parenting intervention program that has been successful in a variety of clinical and non-clinical groups and cultures. It offers detailed descriptions and case reports of several intervention studies of the program, describes the implementation and testing of a variety of VIPP based interventions highlighting different families in a variety of childcare settings, and in various countries including the Netherlands, Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It details the successful implementation of the program in samples of insecure mothers, mothers with eating disorders, preterm infants, adopted children, children suffering from dermatitis, and children with early externalizing behavior problems. The Classic Edition of Promoting Positive Parenting is for all those with concerned with family support and parenting interventions in the fields of developmental and clinical psychology, human development and family studies, psychiatry, social work, public health and nursing and early childhood education.

When it comes to relationships, there's no shortage of advice from self-help 'experts', pick-up artists, and glossy magazines. But modern-day myths of attraction often have no basis in fact or - worse - are rooted in little more than misogyny. Based on science rather than self-help cliches, psychologist Viren Swami debunks these myths and draws on cutting-edge research to provide a ground-breaking and evidence-based account of relationship formation. At the core of this book is a very simple idea: there are no 'laws of attraction', no fool-proof methods or strategies for getting someone to date you. But this isn't to say that there's nothing to be gained from studying attraction. Based on science rather than self-help cliches, Attraction Explained looks at how factors such as geography, physical appearance, reciprocity, and similarity affect who we fall for and why. With updated statistics, this second edition also includes new content on online dating, queer relationships, racism in dating, shyness, and individual differences. It remains an engaging and accessible introduction to attraction relationship formation for professionals, students, and general readers.

Speech and language are fundamental to human development. Language is needed for both communication and thought, while education depends on the ability to understand and use language competently. Effective communication underpins social and emotional well-being.

Children's Communication Skills: From Birth to Five Years uses a clear format to set out the key stages of communication development in babies and young children. Its aim is to increase awareness in professionals working with children of what constitutes human communication and what communication skills to expect at any given stage. Illustrated throughout with real-life examples, this informative text addresses:
· normal development of verbal and non-verbal communication skills
· the importance of play in developing these skills
· developmental communication problems
· bilingualism, cognition and early literacy development
· working with parents of children with communication difficulties.

Features designed to make the book an easy source of reference include chapter summaries, age-specific skills tables, sections on warning signs that further help may be needed, and a glossary of key terms.
These practical guidelines on what to expect children to achieve and how to help them get there are based on a huge body of research in child language and communication development. Children's Communication Skills: From Birth to Five Years will be of great use to a wide range of professionals in training or working in health, education and social care, including health visitors, GPs, community nurses, educational psychologists, early years educators and speech and language therapists.

This new, and heavily revised, edition of Psychopharmacology, provides a comprehensive scientific study of the effects of drugs on the mind and behaviour. With the growing prevalence of psychiatric and behavioral disorders and the rapid advances in the development of new drug therapies, this textbook offers an essential understanding of the necessary details of drug action. The book presents its coverage in the context of the behavioral disorders they are designed to treat, rather than by traditional drug classifications, to strengthen understanding of the underlying physiology and neurochemistry, as well as the approaches to treatment. Each disorder from the major diagnostic categories is discussed from a historical context along with diagnostic criteria and descriptions of typical cases. In addition, what we presently know about the underlying pathology of each disorder is carefully described. Providing a solid foundation in psychology, neuroanatomy and physiology, the book also offers a critical examination of drug claims, as well as coverage of evidence-based alternatives to traditional drug therapies. Throughout, this text discusses how drug effectiveness is measured in both human and animal studies. Topics new to this edition include: a stronger emphasis on the environmental impacts on drug effectiveness; more on the mechanisms of adverse reactions to drugs and information on managing drug side effects; the risks and benefits of using "mood stabilizing drugs" to address behavior in youth with ADHD or ASD; and discussion of the research-to-practice gap in pharmacological care for children and adolescents. Accompanied by a robust companion website of instructor materials, this textbook is ideal for undergraduate and pre-professional students on courses in Psychopharmacology, Clinical Psychopharmacology, Drugs and Behavior. It is a valuable contribution to highlight the symbiotic relationship between psychopharmacology and the neural and behavioral sciences.

Childhood, Identity and Masculinity: The Boarding School Boys examines the lives of ten Iranian men who were sent to boarding schools in England during the 1960s and 1970s. Their stories, situated at the intersection of Eastern and Western cultural values, signify their passage to manhood, and highlight the meaning of masculinity then and now. The reflective narratives explore issues of physical and emotional abuse received from administrators and peers, as well as the "man up" motto that pressured them to persevere in the spirit of meeting expectations and becoming a man. Narrated within the context of the traditional role of men in both Iranian and British societies, the book highlights key themes of trauma, survival and resistance, power and privilege, and their impact on the men over their lifespan. The volume offers rich insight into understanding the developmental challenges that adolescent boys face as they attempt to deal with the trauma of separation from their parents, while conforming to strict rules and regulations of boarding school education, and societal expectations of them. The volume will be of interest to scholars of developmental psychology, childhood trauma, education, cultural psychology, men’s studies, and gender. Individuals and parents interested in, and considering boarding school education will also find the narratives informative and educational.